Abstract:
Segmented water soluble polymers, containing a higher molecular weight segment linked to a lower molecular weight segment, are described. In one embodiment, the polymer segments are poly(ethylene glycol) segments. The segmented polymers are functionalized and are useful for conjugation to various moieties such as pharmacologically active substances. Also described are conjugates of such polymers and methods of their preparation.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a hydrazine derivative represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein each of Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, or the like, R.sup.1 is an alkyl group or the like, and A is a divalent radical having --C.dbd.N--N-- or --CH--NH--N-- as a fundamental skeleton), which is a useful compound as an agricultural and horticultural insecticide.
Abstract:
A test device for determining the presence of leukocyte cells, esterase or protease in a test sample is disclosed. The test device comprises a carrier matrix having a reagent composition incorporated therein, wherein the reagent composition comprises a lactate ester having the structure ##STR1## wherein A is an alcohol blocking group, and wherein B--O-- is a residue of compound B--OH and provides a detectable response when the lactate ester is hydrolyzed; and a buffer. In a preferred embodiment, the lactate ester has the structure ##STR2## wherein X is O, S or NR.sup.2, R is aryl or lower alkyl, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or aryl.
Abstract:
A method and a composition for treating or reducing and/or controlling intraocular pressure comprising administering an effective amount of a renin inhibiting compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is a substituent; W is CO or CHOH and U is CH.sub.2 or NR.sub.2 wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen or loweralkyl; with the proviso that when W is CHOH then U is CH.sub.2 ; R.sub.1 is loweralkyl, cycloalkyl, benzyl, (alpha, alpha)-dimethylbenzyl, 4-hydroxybenzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, halobenzyl, (1-naphthyl)methyl, (2-naphthyl)methyl, (4-imidazoyl)methyl, phenethyl, 1-benzyloxyethyl, phenoxy, thiophenoxy or anilino; R.sub.3 is loweralkyl, loweralkenyl, ((alkoxy)alkoxy)alkyl, carboxyalkyl, (thioalkoxy)alkyl, benzyl or heterocyclic ring substituted methyl; and R.sub.4 is a substituted amino group; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or esters thereof.Also disclosed are compositions, methods and kits for treating glaucoma or reducing and/or controlling intraocular pressure wherein the renin inhibiting compound is administered in combination with a beta-adrenergic antagonist, a steroidal antiinflammatory agent or an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibiting compound.
Abstract:
The invention provides surfactant compounds of formulas I-IX, which can be used in methods for aiding the solubilization, digestion, preparation, analysis, and/or characterization of biological material, for example, proteins or cell membranes. The compounds can also aid in the recovery of peptides generated during protein digestion, particularly for in-gel digestion protocol. Additionally, the compounds can improve enzymatic protein deglycosylation without interfering with downstream sample preparation steps and mass spectrometric analysis. The compounds can be specifically useful as digestion aids that can be decomposed by an acid, by heat, or a combination thereof. Decomposition of the surfactants allows for facile separation from isolated samples, and/or allows for analysis of the sample without interfering with the sensitivity of various analytical techniques.
Abstract:
Cyclohexane derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which the radicals R.sup.1 to R.sup.6, X, Y and Z have the stated meanings, and processes for the preparation of these compounds are described. The compounds have valuable pharmacological properties and can therefore be used as pharmaceuticals.
Abstract:
In the process for the continuous preparation of aminoaryl or aminoalkyl .beta.-sulfatoethyl sulfones by reaction of the corresponding .beta.-hydroxyethyl sulfones with sulfuric acid in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.15 at temperatures above 120 .degree. C. a mixture of a .beta.-hydroxyethyl sulfone with sulfuric acid is supplied to a fluidized bed of end product produced by recycling and mechanical stirring. The mixture is reacted at 100.degree. to 200.degree. C.
Abstract:
Novel 2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are individually halogen, R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, optionally substituted aryl of 6 to 14 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, --CN and ##STR2## R' is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, Y is selected from the group consisting of ##STR3## Alk.sub.1 is optionally unsaturated alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms no substituted or substituted with at least one functional group, Ar is aryl of 6 to 14 carbon atoms no substituted or substituted with at least one functional group, Alk.sub.2 and Alk.sub.3 and Alk.sub.2 ' and Alk.sub.3 ' are optionally unsaturated alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms no substituted or substituted with at least one functional group or together with ##STR4## form the rings ##STR5## wherein A is optionally unsaturated alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one functional group, R" is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms no substituted or substituted with at least one functional group or aryl of 6 to 14 carbon atoms no substituted or substituted with at least one functional group and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms and residue of an alcohol used in pyrethrinoid esters having pestioidal activity.
Abstract:
Optically active 2-aralkyl-3-sulfonyloxy-1-propanol and 2-aralkyl-3-sulfonyloxypropionic acid are provided by using an optically active 2-aralkyl-3-acyloxy-1-propanol as a starting material. Furthermore, an optically active 2-aralkyl-3-thiopropionic acid, which is an important intermediate for synthesis of enkephalinase inhibitors, is provided. According to the present invention, industrially useful optically active sulfonic acid ester derivatives can be provided.