摘要:
This disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for sorting target particles. In various embodiments, the disclosure provides a cassette for sorting target particles, methods for sorting target particles, methods of loading a microchannel for maintaining sample material viability, methods of quantifying sample material, and an optical apparatus for laser scanning and particle sorting.
摘要:
Materials comprising an A/M/X compound are provided. An A/M/X compound is a compound comprising one or more A moieties, one or more M atoms and one or more X atoms, where the A moieties are selected from organic cations and elements from Group 1 of the periodic table, the M atoms are selected from elements from Group 14 of the periodic table, and the X atoms are selected from elements from Group 17 of the periodic table. The materials include two-phase materials.
摘要:
A fluorescence observation apparatus includes a fluorescence observation unit, which includes a scanner that scans ultrashort pulsed laser light from a light source, a pupil projection lens that focuses the laser light scanned by the scanner, an image-forming lens that converts the focused laser light to substantially collimated light and causes the laser light to be incident on an objective lens, and a dichroic mirror that splits off fluorescence that is generated by the laser light focused on a sample by the objective lens and is collected by the objective lens. A photodetector detects the fluorescence split off by the dichroic mirror. A multi-mode optical fiber connects the fluorescence observation unit and the photodetector. A swiveling mechanism causes the fluorescence observation unit to swivel about an axis near the focal position of the objective lens. And a light-source optical fiber connects the light source and the fluorescence observation unit.
摘要:
An apparatus for spectroscopy of a gas mixture is described. Such an apparatus includes a gas mixing system configured to mix a hot analyte gas that includes at least one analyte species in a gas phase into a cold buffer gas, thereby forming a supersaturated mixture to be provided for spectroscopic analysis.
摘要:
Described herein are methods and systems for analyzing a sample by applying time resolved laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy to the sample to measure lifetime time decay profile data relating to the sample, and applying multivariate analysis to process the data so as to classify a sample as, for example, normal or abnormal. The sample may be cells, fluid or tissue from any organ. The sample may be in vitro or in vivo. The data may be obtained in situ or in vitro.
摘要:
In one aspect, a method of sorting cells in a flow cytometry system is disclosed, which includes illuminating a cell with radiation having at least two optical frequencies shifted from one another by a radiofrequency to elicit fluorescent radiation from the cell, detecting the fluorescent radiation to generate temporal fluorescence data, and processing the temporal fluorescence data to arrive at a sorting decision regarding the cell without generating an image (i.e., a pixel-by-pixel image) of the cell based on the fluorescence data. In other words, while the fluorescence data can contain image data that would allow generating a pixel-by-pixel fluorescence intensity map, the method arrives at the sorting decision without generating such a map. In some cases, the sorting decision can be made with a latency less than about 100 microseconds. In some embodiments, the above method of sorting cells can have a sub-cellular resolution, e.g., the sorting decision can be based on characteristics of a component of the cell. In some embodiments in which more than two frequency-shifted optical frequencies are employed, a single radiofrequency shift is employed to separate the optical frequencies while in other such embodiments a plurality of different radiofrequency shifts are employed.
摘要:
A magnetometer comprising: a sensor formed of diamond material and comprising a plurality of spin centres; a microwave source configured to subject the plurality of spin centres to microwave pulses; a light source configured to subject the plurality of spin centres to light pulses; and a detector configured to detect a fluorescent output signal emitted from the plurality of spin centres, wherein the magnetometer is configured to integrate the fluorescent output signal over a signal averaging time and process the fluorescent output signal such that a standard deviation of the fluorescent output signal decreases with the square root of the signal averaging time over a time period which spans at least two orders of magnitude in the signal averaging time to achieve a standard deviation of less than 100 picotesla.
摘要:
Fluorescence generated by multiphoton excitation can be observed simultaneously using multiple beams, and multiple points can be observed simultaneously with a high signal-to-noise ratio with low invasiveness. Provided is a laser microscope including: modulation units that apply different modulations to a plurality of ultrashort-pulse laser light beams of the same type emitted from a light source unit; an illumination optical system that simultaneously focuses the plurality of ultrashort-pulse laser light beams, to which the different modulations are applied by the modulation units, onto different positions of a sample; a fluorescence detecting device that detects fluorescence generated at a focal position of each ultrashort-pulse laser light beam and performs photoelectric conversion of the fluorescence; and a demodulation unit that demodulates an output from the fluorescence detecting device based on modulation information from the modulation units.
摘要:
Laser-induced fluorescence based optical system and method configured to precisely quantify the relative abundances of calcium (Ca) isotopes in a sample. Optionally, a diode laser is used as a laser source, with its output frequency shifted by two electro-optical modulators to optically excite fluorescence in the calcium-containing sample. The amounts of fluorescence emitted by the various isotopes are measured and compared.
摘要:
An interface between two different optical materials can comprise a stack of thin film layers that manage light incident on that interface. One of the optical materials can have a first composition and a first refractive index, while the other optical material can have a second composition and a second refractive index. The stack can comprise thin film layers of the first optical material interleaved between thin film layers of the second optical material. The layers of the stack can be configured to provide the stack with an aggregate composition of at least one of the optical materials that progressively varies from one end of the stack to the other end. To provide the progressive variation in composition, the layers of one of the optical materials can have a progressively increased thickness across the stack, or can progressively increase in number, for example.