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    Discharge laser with porous layer covering anode discharge surface
    2.
    发明授权
    Discharge laser with porous layer covering anode discharge surface 有权
    放电激光与多孔层覆盖阳极放电表面

    公开(公告)号：US07046713B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-05-16

    申请号：US10684089

    申请日：2003-10-10

    申请人： Richard G. Morton

    发明人： Richard G. Morton

    IPC分类号： H01S3/97 ,  H01S3/22

    CPC分类号： H01S3/225 ,  G03F7/70025 ,  G03F7/70041 ,  G03F7/70575 ,  G03F7/70933 ,  H01S3/036 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H01S3/0381 ,  H01S3/0382 ,  H01S3/0385 ,  H01S3/0387 ,  H01S3/0388 ,  H01S3/041 ,  H01S3/097 ,  H01S3/09702 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/22 ,  H01S3/2207 ,  H01S3/223

    摘要： A gas discharge laser having an elongated cathode and an elongated anode with a porous insulating layer covering the anode discharge surface. A pulse power system provides electrical pulses at rates of at least 1 KHz. A blower circulates laser gas between the electrodes at speeds of at least 5 m/s and a heat exchanger is provided to remove heat produced by the blower and the discharges. In preferred embodiments at least a portion of the anode is comprised of lead, and fluorine ion sputtering of the anode surface creates the insulating layer (over the discharge surface of the anode) comprised in large part of lead fluoride. In a particular preferred embodiment the anode is fabricated in two parts, a first part having the general shape of a prior art anode with a trench shaped cavity at the top and a second part comprised of lead rich brass and disposed in the trench shape cavity.

    摘要翻译： 一种气体放电激光器，其具有细长阴极和具有覆盖阳极放电表面的多孔绝缘层的细长阳极。 脉冲功率系统以至少1KHz的速率提供电脉冲。 鼓风机以至少5m / s的速度在电极之间循环激光气体，并且提供热交换器以去除由鼓风机和排出物产生的热量。 在优选实施例中，阳极的至少一部分由铅构成，并且阳极表面的氟离子溅射产生大部分氟化铅所包含的绝缘层（在阳极的排放表面上）。 在特别优选的实施例中，阳极制造成两部分，第一部分具有现有技术阳极的一般形状，在顶部具有沟槽形空腔，第二部分由富含铅的黄铜组成并设置在沟槽形腔中。

    Laser discharge chamber passivation by plasma
    3.
    发明授权
    Laser discharge chamber passivation by plasma 有权
    激光放电室通过等离子体钝化

    公开(公告)号：US06644324B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-11-11

    申请号：US09518970

    申请日：2000-03-06

    申请人： Tom A. Watson ,  Richard L. Sandstrom ,  Richard G. Morton ,  Robert E. Weeks ,  John P. Quitter ,  Mark R. Lewis

    发明人： Tom A. Watson ,  Richard L. Sandstrom ,  Richard G. Morton ,  Robert E. Weeks ,  John P. Quitter ,  Mark R. Lewis

    IPC分类号： B08B704

    CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 ,  B08B7/0035 ,  B08B7/0042 ,  G03F7/70025 ,  H01J37/32862 ,  H01S3/036 ,  H01S3/225

    摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for cleaning and passivating laser discharge chambers with plasmas. In one embodiment, an oxygen based plasma is formed in a plasma source external to the laser discharge chamber by applying a radiofrequency signal to oxygen containing gases. The oxygen based plasma is drawn into the laser discharge chamber, where it reacts with contaminants and cleans internal surfaces. After cleaning, a fluorine based plasma is formed in the plasma source and drawn into the laser discharge chamber to passivate internal surfaces. In another embodiment, cleaning with the oxygen based plasma is not used since some level of cleaning is accomplished with the fluorine based plasma. In another embodiment, oxygen based plasmas and fluorine based plasmas are formed in the laser discharge chamber by applying a radiofrequency signal to a laser discharge chamber electrode. Plasma cleaning and passivation of laser discharge chambers is safer, more efficient, and more effective than conventional thermal cleaning and passivation processes.

    摘要翻译： 提供了用等离子体清洗和钝化激光放电室的方法和装置。 在一个实施例中，通过对含氧气体施加射频信号，在激光放电室外部的等离子体源中形成氧基等离子体。 氧基等离子体被吸入激光放电室，在其中与污染物反应并清洗内表面。 在清洁之后，在等离子体源中形成氟基等离子体并被吸入激光放电室以钝化内表面。 在另一个实施例中，不使用基于氧的等离子体的清洁，因为用氟基等离子体进行一些清洁水平。 在另一个实施例中，通过向激光放电室电极施加射频信号，在激光放电室中形成氧基等离子体和基于氟的等离子体。 激光放电室的等离子体清洁和钝化比传统的热清洗和钝化工艺更安全，更有效，更有效。

    Spinodal copper alloy electrodes
    4.
    发明授权
    Spinodal copper alloy electrodes 有权
    Spinodal铜合金电极

    公开(公告)号：US06584132B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-06-24

    申请号：US09776044

    申请日：2001-02-01

    申请人： Richard G. Morton

    发明人： Richard G. Morton

    IPC分类号： H01S3097

    CPC分类号： H01S3/038 ,  G03F7/70025 ,  G03F7/70041 ,  G03F7/70575 ,  G03F7/70933 ,  H01S3/036 ,  H01S3/0381 ,  H01S3/0382 ,  H01S3/0385 ,  H01S3/0387 ,  H01S3/0388 ,  H01S3/041 ,  H01S3/097 ,  H01S3/0979 ,  H01S3/22 ,  H01S3/2207 ,  H01S3/223 ,  H01S3/225

    摘要： Electrodes comprised of spinodal copper alloys. Applicant's tests have shown erosion rates of these alloys under certain environmental conditions are a factor of 5 or more lower than erosion rates of similar prior art copper alloys. In one application, the erosion of spinodal electrodes was at least an order of magnitude lower than the prior art material. A preferred application of these electrodes are as electrodes in excimer lasers which utilize a circulating laser gas containing fluorine. A preferred spinodal copper alloy is a copper-tin-nickel alloy known as spinodal bronze. These alloys are prepared using spinodal decomposition. This material forms atomic layers several atoms thick. The spinodal decomposition process permits atoms of one kind to concentrate to an extent while maintaining a relatively uniform crystal structure. A specific alloy of spinodal bronze commercially available which has been tested by Applicant with amazing results is comprised primarily of about 80 percent copper, about 7 percent tin and about 12.5 percent nickel.

    摘要翻译： 电极由旋节铜合金组成。 申请人的测试表明，在某些环境条件下，这些合金的侵蚀速率比同类现有技术铜合金的侵蚀速率低5或更高。 在一个应用中，旋节线电极的侵蚀比现有技术材料低至少一个数量级。 这些电极的优选应用是利用包含氟的循环激光气体的准分子激光器中的电极。 优选的节状铜合金是被称为亚稳态青铜的铜 - 锡 - 镍合金。 这些合金是使用旋节分解制备的。 这种材料形成几个原子厚的原子层。 旋节分解过程允许一种原子浓缩到一定程度，同时保持相对均匀的晶体结构。 已经由申请人测试的具有惊人效果的可商购的旋转石青铜的特定合金主要包括约80％的铜，约7％的锡和约12.5％的镍。

    Discharge laser having electrodes with sputter cavities and discharge peaks
    5.
    发明授权
    Discharge laser having electrodes with sputter cavities and discharge peaks 失效
    放电激光器具有带溅射腔和放电峰的电极

    公开(公告)号：US06560263B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-05-06

    申请号：US09590958

    申请日：2000-06-09

    申请人： Richard G. Morton ,  Zsolt Bor ,  Eckehard D. Onkels

    发明人： Richard G. Morton ,  Zsolt Bor ,  Eckehard D. Onkels

    IPC分类号： H01S322

    CPC分类号： G03F7/70025 ,  G03F7/70041 ,  G03F7/708 ,  H01S3/036 ,  H01S3/0385

    摘要： A gas discharge laser having a laser chamber with two elongated electrode elements, each having a discharge section having an optimum array of discharge peaks and sputter cavities. The sputter cavities provide sputter metal ions to contribute to a plasma between the electrodes and support a glow-type discharge. The peaks provide very high fields which produce a very large number of filament-type discharges. The electrodes erode gradually but since the discharge region is confined to the array of discharge peaks and sputter cavities, the shape of he discharge remains approximately constant for billions of pulses. A pulse power system provides electrical pulses of at least 2J at rates of at least 1 KHz. A blower circulates laser gas between the electrodes at speeds of at least 5 m/s and a heat exchanger is provided to remove heat produced by the blower and the discharges.

    摘要翻译： 一种气体放电激光器，其具有具有两个细长电极元件的激光室，每个具有放电部分，其具有最佳放电峰阵列和溅射腔。 溅射腔提供溅射金属离子以有助于电极之间的等离子体并且支持辉光型放电。 这些峰提供非常高的场，其产生非常大量的灯丝型放电。 电极逐渐腐蚀，但是由于放电区被限制在放电峰和溅射腔阵列中，所以放电的形状在几十亿个脉冲中保持近似恒定。 脉冲功率系统以至少1KHz的速率提供至少2J的电脉冲。 鼓风机以至少5m / s的速度在电极之间循环激光气体，并且提供热交换器以去除由鼓风机和排出物产生的热量。

    Method and apparatus for interacting with television images
    9.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for interacting with television images 失效
    与电视图像交互的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4897726A

    公开(公告)日：1990-01-30

    申请号：US167541

    申请日：1988-03-14

    申请人： Richard G. Morton ,  Kenneth Avicola

    发明人： Richard G. Morton ,  Kenneth Avicola

    IPC分类号： H04N5/445 ,  H04N21/41 ,  H04N21/488

    CPC分类号： H04N21/488 ,  H04N21/4104 ,  H04N5/44513

    摘要： Apparatus for use with a standard television (TV) receiver for superimposing information or images over portions of the broadcast scene. Synchronization signals are generated by locking onto the horizontal sweep electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by all television receivers. A wideband noise (RF) burst is generated and coupled to the antenna input leads of the television receiver. The picture content of the TV scene at the time of the noise burst is disrupted and various effects are created by controlling the level of the noise bursts. By controlling the position of the RF noise, an image may be created and superimposed over any part(s) of the scene. The scene may be derived from any source, such as standard television broadcast, a video cassette recorder (VCR), electronic game or computer monitor. No modification of the television receiver is required, and no change to the apparatus is needed when the TV is tuned from one broadcast channel to another.

    摘要翻译： 用于与广播场景的部分叠加信息或图像的标准电视（TV）接收机的装置。 通过锁定到所有电视接收机产生的水平扫描电磁干扰（EMI）来产生同步信号。 产生宽带噪声（RF）突发并耦合到电视接收机的天线输入引线。 噪声突发时电视场景的图像内容中断，通过控制噪声突发的电平产生各种效果。 通过控制RF噪声的位置，可以创建并叠加在场景的任何部分上的图像。 场景可以来自任何来源，例如标准电视广播，录像机（VCR），电子游戏或计算机监视器。 不需要对电视接收机进行修改，当电视机从一个广播频道调到另一个时，不需要改变设备。

    Laser ceilometer signal processing means
    10.
    发明授权
    Laser ceilometer signal processing means 失效
    激光测光仪信号处理手段

    公开(公告)号：US4289397A

    公开(公告)日：1981-09-15

    申请号：US59440

    申请日：1979-07-20

    申请人： Irving Itzkan ,  Herbert P. Kent ,  Michael E. Mack ,  Richard G. Morton

    发明人： Irving Itzkan ,  Herbert P. Kent ,  Michael E. Mack ,  Richard G. Morton

    IPC分类号： G01S17/95 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G06G7/18

    CPC分类号： G01S17/95

    摘要： For use in a pulsed-laser lidar such as a laser ceilometer, there are shown several examples of signal processing means for separating desired pulses due to targets such as clouds from strong background signals due to suspended particles causing poor visibility. The several examples belong to a class of means having the property of applying, to an electrical signal pulse waveform, a time-distributed signed electrical weighting function having negligible total weight, with alternations of sign of weights separated by intervals of the order of the width of the desired pulses.

    摘要翻译： 为了用于诸如激光测光仪的脉冲激光激光雷达，示出了信号处理装置的几个示例，用于由于悬浮颗粒导致较差的可视性而从强背景信号中分离由于诸如云等目标的期望脉冲。 这几个例子属于一类具有向电信号脉冲波形施加具有可忽略的总重量的时分布式有符号电加权函数的特性的装置，其中权重符号的交替以宽度顺序的间隔分开 的所需脉冲。