Abstract:
Drilling fluids comprising graphenes and nanoplatelet additives and methods for production thereof are disclosed. Graphene includes graphite oxide, graphene oxide, chemically-converted graphene, and functionalized chemically-converted graphene. Derivatized graphenes and methods for production thereof are disclosed. The derivatized graphenes are prepared from a chemically-converted graphene through derivatization with a plurality of functional groups. Derivatization can be accomplished, for example, by reaction of a chemically-converted graphene with a diazonium species. Methods for preparation of graphite oxide are also disclosed.
Abstract:
The instant invention relates to mesogenic media comprising one or more compounds which comprise two or more mesogenic groups two of which are linked to the ortho-positions of an aromatic ring, preferably of formula (I) wherein the parameters are as specified in the text, preferably the instant invention relates to mesogenic media showing a blue phase and their use in electro-optical light modulation elements and their respective use in displays, as well as to such devices. The instant invention further relates to compounds of formula (I).
Abstract:
Cyano and carboxy derivatives of substituted styrenes are inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor .alpha., nuclear factor .kappa.B, and phosphodiesterase and can be used to combat cachexia, endotoxic shock, retrovirus replication, asthma, and inflammatory conditions. A typical embodiment is 3,3-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile.
Abstract:
Compounds of formula (1) ##STR1## are described wherein Y represents a halogen atom or a group --OR.sup.1, where R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted alkyl group; R.sup.2 represents an optionally substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group; R.sup.3 is a monocyclic or bicyclic aryl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms selected from oxygen or sulphur atoms or a group --N(R.sup.4)-- where R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; X is --O--, --S--, or --N(R.sup.4)--, where R.sup.5 is a hydrogen or an alkyl group; with the proviso that when X is --O-- then R.sup.3 is not a 3-cyanamino-6-pyridazinyl or a 3-chloro-6-pyridazinyl group; and the salts, solvates, hydrates and N-oxides thereof. The compounds are selective and potent inhibitors of phosphodiesterase IV and are useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of inflammatory diseases and the alleviation of conditions associated with central nervous malfunction.
Abstract:
A condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1: wherein, in Formula 1, groups and variables are the same as described in the specification.
Abstract:
This describes homogeneous catalysts that are recoverable from solution by being phase selective and through host-guest interactions. An example of a method includes separating a water soluble N-heterocyclic carbene homogeneous catalyst from a solution by: (a) forming a host-guest compound between the catalyst and an inclusion compound in the solution; and (b) isolating the host-guest compound from the solution.
Abstract:
A photochromic chromene compound having an indeno(2,1-f)naphtho(1,2-b)pyran structure as its basic skeleton, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group at the 6-position carbon atom of the structure and an electron donor group having a Hammett constant σp of not more than −0.1 at the 7-position carbon atom.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a series of substituted cyclohexane containing analogues which are agonists of GPR119 intended to treat metabolic diseases mediated by GPR119 including Type I & II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is an ever-increasing threat to human health causing various complications (blindness, kidney failure, neuropathy, heart attack, stroke, etc.). Recently it was found that activation of GPR119 which is highly expressed in pancreatic beta cells causes glucose dependent insulin secretion and GLP-1 release. Many pharmaceuticals are currently developing GPR119 agonists and herein we disclose alternative GPR119 agonists. Our invention describes GPR119 agonists having structural Formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate of Formula (I), isomer or prodrug of Formula (I), and combination therapy of Formula (I) with other anti-diabetic drugs like DPP-IV inhibitors and/or insulin sensitizers.