摘要:
The present invention determines property of a target (30) on a substrate (W), such as a grating on a wafer. An inspection apparatus has an illumination source (702, 710) with two or more illumination beams (716, 716′, 716″, 716′″) in the pupil plane of a high numerical aperture objective lens (L3). The substrate and target are illuminated via the objective lens from different angles of incidence with respect to the plane of the substrate. In the case of four illumination beams, a quad wedge optical device (QW) is used to separately redirect diffraction orders of radiation scattered from the substrate and separates diffraction orders from the two or more illumination beams. For example four 0th diffraction orders are separated for four incident directions. After capture in multimode fibers (MF), spectrometers (S1-S4) are used to measure the intensity of the separately redirected 0th diffraction orders as a function of wavelength. This may then be used in determining a property of a target.
摘要:
Provided is a component measuring apparatus configured to determine a functional form that describes wavelength characteristics of a variation attributable to scattering (S (λ)). The apparatus then determines unknown one or more coefficients (p, q) based on a first relational expression that involves a variation attributable to absorption (H (λ1)) and a group of second relational expressions that do not involve variations attributable to absorption (H (λ2a), H (λ2b), H (λ2c)). The apparatus then corrects an absorbance measured at an arbitrary wavelength (λ) using a function where the one or more coefficients (p, q) are applied to the functional form so as to reduce or eliminate at least the effects of scattering of light.
摘要:
Provided herein is an apparatus, including a light source configured to illuminate a surface of an article. In addition, the apparatus includes a light detector array. The light detector array includes a number of light sensors configured to simultaneously receive scattered light from features about the entire surface. The light detector array is configured to provide information for qualitatively and quantitatively characterizing the features.
摘要:
A gemstone viewer for personal communications devices for viewing a gemstone surface on which has been formed an image or inscription such as an identification number. In one embodiment, the viewer is mounted to employ the camera and LED light source of the personal communications device. The viewer directs the light from the light source as a light beam along a path incident to the surface of the gemstone containing the inscription. The gemstone spectrally reflects the light beam along a path back toward and through a magnifying lens to the camera lens of the personal communications device thereby enhancing the magnifying properties of the camera lens to produce a viewable light image that reveals the inscription on the viewing screen of the personal communications device. In another embodiment, the viewer is aligned to the front facing camera of the personal communications device, and includes its own light source.
摘要:
Devices and methods are disclosed for characterizing point flaws (including pinholes and point defects) of an optical filter. A passband test is performed, including: illuminating the optical filter with passband illumination whose spectral range at least overlaps a passband of the optical filter; acquiring a passband map of the optical filter using a two-dimensional array of photodetectors while illuminating the optical filter with the passband illumination; and identifying point defects of the optical filter as low intensity locations of the passband map. A stopband test is performed, including: illuminating the optical filter with stopband illumination whose spectral range lies entirely outside of the passband of the optical filter; acquiring a stopband map of the optical filter using the two-dimensional array of photodetectors while illuminating the optical filter with the stopband illumination; and identifying pinholes of the optical filter as high intensity locations of the stopband map.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for quantitative determination of oxidant which method is capable of accurately and rapidly performing quantitative determination of oxidant at low cost, and an apparatus for quantitative determination of oxidant used in the method. The method for quantitative determination of oxidant according to the present invention is a method for quantitative determination of oxidant performing quantitative determination of oxidant in a sample using a redox reaction, the method including: adding one kind of reducing agent to a sample solution containing one or a plurality of kinds of oxidants having different lifetimes; producing an absorbance curve by measuring a time change in absorbance of the post-color-change or post-coloring reducing agent; and performing the quantitative determination of the oxidant while identifying the oxidant in the sample solution based on the obtained absorbance curve.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a urine specimen capture device comprising a capture bowl for collecting a urine specimen, a mounting frame for supporting the capture bowl within a toilet bowl, and an analytic device connected to the capture bowl to analyze a property of the urine specimen in the capture bowl. The capture bowl includes a capture flange for capturing flush water discharged from a toilet bowl.
摘要:
A system and method for using near-infrared or short-wave infrared (SWIR) sources such as lamps, thermal sources, LED's, laser diodes, super-luminescent laser diodes, and super-continuum light sources for early detection of dental caries measure transmission and/or reflectance. In the SWIR wavelength range, solid, intact teeth may have a low reflectance or high transmission with very few spectral features while a carious region exhibits more scattering, so the reflectance increases in amplitude. The spectral dependence of the transmitted or reflected light from the tooth may be used to detect and quantify the degree of caries. Instruments for applying SWIR light to one or more teeth may include a C-clamp design, a mouth guard design, or hand-held devices that may augment other dental tools. The measurement device may communicate with a smart phone or tablet, which may transmit a related signal to the cloud, where additional value-added services are performed.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device for detecting rain on a pane (2). The device comprises a camera (1) and an electrically drivable film (3) that actively emits light (h). The emitted light (h) emerges as a light sheet (s) from the film (3). The camera (1) and the film (3) are designed and arranged in such a way that the camera (1) can detect a signal from the light (h) or an imaging (i1, i2) of the light sheet (s), which is emitted by the film (3), impinges on the pane (2) and is reflected by the pane. In particular, in this case, the signal detected by the camera (1) or the light sheet(s) (i1, i2) correlate(s) with light which is emitted by the film (3) and reflected or scattered at the inner face (2.1) or outer face (2.2) of the pane and/or at a raindrop.
摘要:
A method of detecting particles in an air flow is described. The method includes receiving a signal indicative of light intensity scattered from the air flow at a plurality of wavelengths and processing the signal indicative of the intensity of received light at each of the wavelengths and a corresponding wavelength dependent parameter to generate an output signal indicative of at least one characteristic of particles in the air flow. A particle detection system is also described.