Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods for preparation of lycopenes, especially to lycopenes with high all-E contents or high 6Z contents from C15-Wittig slats mixtures.(with high all-E-contents and high 6Z-contents, respectively). C15-Wittig slats mixtures are purified and 6Z-C15-Wittig salts are extracted from the mixtures. The extracted 6Z-C15-Wittig salts are,used in the synthesis of lycopenes with high 6Z contents and the residues are used in the synthesis of lycopenes with high All-E contents.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for preparing an iodine-doped TiO2 nano-catalyst and use of the catalyst in heterogeneously catalyzing configuration transformation of trans-carotenoids. The iodine-doped TiO2 nano-catalyst is prepared by a sol-gel process using a titanate ester as a precursor and an iodine-containing compound as a dopant in the presence of a diluent, inhibitor and complexing agent. The catalyst exhibits high activity for isomerization of the trans-carotenoids into their cis-isomers within a short catalytic time. The catalyst can be easily prepared and is highly efficient, economical, recyclable and environmentally friendly.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for converting hydrocarbons into products containing aldehydes and/or alcohols. The invention also relates to producing olefins from the aldehyde and alcohol, to polymerizing the olefins, and to equipment useful for these processes.
Abstract:
This invention describes processes to make products by cross metathesis of functionalized or non-functionalized olefins with poly-branched poly-olefins such as terpenes (e.g., farnesene(s), α-farnesene, β-farnesene, β-myrcene, etc.) and compositions made by such methods. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods of making (i) cross metathesis products by a cross metathesis reaction between at least one hydrovinylated olefinic substrate and at least one hydrovinylated cross metathesis substrate in the presence of at least one olefin metathesis catalyst; (ii) cross metathesis products by a cross metathesis reaction between at least one hydrovinylated olefinic substrate and at least one cross metathesis substrate in the presence of at least one olefin metathesis catalyst; and (iii) cross metathesis products by a cross metathesis reaction between at least one olefinic substrate and at least one hydrovinylated cross metathesis substrate in the presence of at least one olefin metathesis catalyst; as well as compositions made by such methods.
Abstract:
An improved method for preparing squalene from a squalene-containing composition, said method comprising the steps of (a) a purification distillation carried out at a temperature T1; (b) a denaturing distillation carried out at a temperature T2; wherein steps (a) and (b) may be performed in either order; T1 and T2 are sufficient to cause squalene to boil; T2>T1; and T2>200° C.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks and partially hydrogenating polyunsaturated olefins and polyunsaturated esters. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the polyunsaturated olefins from the polyunsaturated esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise partially hydrogenating the polyunsaturated olefins in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein at least a portion of the polyunsaturated olefins are converted to monounsaturated olefins. In other embodiments, the methods further comprise partially hydrogenating the polyunsaturated esters in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein at least a portion of the polyunsaturated esters are converted to monounsaturated esters.
Abstract:
Processes and systems for stabilization and subsequent hydrogenation of an immiscible olefin are described. In certain embodiments, the hydrogenation is conducted in a fixed bed reactor in presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.
Abstract:
A process for upgrading an organic acid includes neutralizing the organic acid to form a salt and thermally decomposing the resulting salt to form an energy densified product. In certain embodiments, the organic acid is levulinic acid. The process may further include upgrading the energy densified product by conversion to alcohol and subsequent dehydration.
Abstract:
The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and β-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and β-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.