摘要:
Catalyst beds in refinery reactors require periodic change out due to build-up of contamination and loss of activity. The instant invention mists a liquid chemical solvent in nitrogen carrier gas to solubilize oils and heavy hydrocarbons and to further desorb light hydrocarbons and remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S), to effect decontamination. This process can be advantageously combined with nitrogen cool-down processes in preparation for catalyst unloading.
摘要:
A method of equipment decontamination may include: introducing a cleaning stream comprising hydrogen and a solvent comprising a fatty acid methyl ester and an oxygenated solvent, or alternatively comprising a carrier fluid and a hydrocarbon solvent, into the equipment; and introducing a stream comprising nitrogen into the equipment, wherein the equipment comprises deposits and other contaminants.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for treating, sorting and recycling an oil-containing discharged catalyst. There is provided a method for treating, sorting and recycling an oil-containing discharged catalyst, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (A) cyclonic washing and on-line activation of a discharged catalyst; (B) cyclonic spinning solvent stripping of the catalyst; (C) gas stream acceleration sorting of a high activity catalyst; (D) cyclonic restriping and particle capture of the high activity catalyst; and (E) cooling of the gas and condensation removal of the solvent. There is further provided an apparatus for treating, sorting and recycling an oil-containing discharged catalyst.
摘要:
Increased yields of naphtha and increased catalyst activity are obtained in a hydrocracking process by the use of a catalyst containing a beta zeolite and a Y zeolite having a unit cell size from 24.38 to 24.50 angstrom. The catalyst has a relatively high amount of Y zeolite relative to beta zeolite.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for providing the heat required to maintain the desired temperature for catalyst regeneration. The catalyst is heated by contacting a reactant gas mixture with the catalyst in order to initiate an exothermic reaction and, once the desired temperature is achieved, exposing the catalyst to a regenerating gas. The temperature may also be maintained by heating the reactant gas mixture prior to contacting the catalyst and/or adding a liquid, which may be heated, to the catalyst. For heating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst for regeneration, the reactant gas preferably contains less than 12 mole percent carbon monoxide and more preferably contains between 1 and 4 mole percent carbon monoxide.
摘要:
Catalyst in a slurry phase reactor is rejuvenated and uniformly distributed in said reactor using a substantially vertical draft tube fully immersed in the slurry which utilizes a rejuvenating gas injected substantially near the bottom of the substantially vertical draft tube whereby catalyst near the bottom of the slurry phase reactor is drawn up the draft tube and discharged from the top of the draft tube near the top of the slurry phase in said reactor.
摘要:
The poisoned nickel catalyst obtained from the hydrogenation of an organopolymeric peroxide with hydrogen in an organic solvent is reactivated by treating the poisoned nickel catalyst with hydrogen in an oxygen containing polar organic solvent at 140.degree. - 250.degree. C.
摘要:
1. IN AN ALKYLATION PROCESS IN WHICH AN ALKYLATABLE ORGANIC COMPOUND IS CONTACTED AND REACTED WITH AN ALKYLATION AGENT IN A CATALYTIC CONVERSION ZONE CONTAINING A CATALYST COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE HYDROGENATION AGENT OF THE GROUP OF NICKEL, PLATINUM, PALLADIUM, RUTHENIUM AND RHODIUM AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL CRYSTALLINE ZEOLITIC MOLECULAR SIEVE HAVING A PORE DIAMETER LARGE ENOUGH TO ADSORB ORTHO-DIETHYLBENZENE, AN ALKALI METAL CONTENT OF LESS THAN 3.5 WEIGHT PERCENT ON A SOLIDS BASIS, AN SIO2/AL2O/3 MOLAR RATIO OF AT LEAST 7.0. SAID CONTACT AND REACTION BEING CONTINUED UNTIL THE ALKYLATION ACTIVITY OF THE CATALYST HAS DECREASED, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES PERIDICALLY CONTACTING A DHYDROGENATING THE CATALYST COMPOSITION AT A TEMPERATURE OF FROM 80*F. TO 572*F. WITH A LIQUID SOLUTION OF HYDROGEN IN A SATURATED HYDROCARBON HAVING FROM 4 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS, SAID SOLUTION CONTAINING AT LEAST 0.1 MOLE PERCENT DISSOLVED HYDROGEN, UNTIL THE ALKYLATION ACTIVITY OF THE CATALYST IS IMPROVED.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for maintaining efficiency of a catalyst that is positioned in an exhaust system downstream of an internal combustion engine. In one example, the catalyst may be heated via supplying fuel to a cylinder that does not combust the fuel. The fuel may be oxidized at the catalyst via excess oxygen in the exhaust system.
摘要:
Some embodiments of the present invention relate to processes to recover rhodium from a hydroformylation process. In some embodiments, the process to recover rhodium from the hydroformylation process comprises (a) treating a catalyst-containing stream from the hydroformylation process with 2.5 to 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the stream, of a water-soluble organic amine of the following structure: wherein R32, R33, and R34 are each independently alkyls and ethoxylates, and wherein no more than one of R32, R33, and R34 is alkyl; (b) heating the resulting solution in the presence of syngas to a temperature of at least 65° C. to generate a rhodium-rich phase and a supernatant; and (c) removing the supernatant to recover the rhodium-rich phase.