摘要:
A catalyst for exhaust gas purification includes a carrier and a platinum group element supported on the carrier. The carrier includes a modified aluminum borate which contains an aluminum borate and at least one of oxides of an element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Si, Fe, and Ti. The modified aluminum borate contains the oxide in a concentration of 0.06% to 18% by mass relative to the mass of the modified aluminum borate.
摘要:
A composition comprising 2,3-butanediol is dehydrated to methyl vinyl carbinol and/or 1,3-butadiene by exposure to a catalyst comprising (a) MxOy wherein M is a rare earth metal, a group IIIA metal, Zr, or a combination thereof, and x and y are based upon an oxidation state of M, or (b) M3a(PO4)b where M3 is a group IA, a group IIA metal, a group IIIA metal, or a combination thereof, and a and b are based upon the oxidation state of M3. Embodiments of the catalyst comprising MxOy may further include M2, wherein M2 is a rare earth metal, a group IIA metal, Zr, Al, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, 2,3-butanediol is dehydrated to methyl vinyl carbinol and/or 1,3-butadiene by a catalyst comprising MxOy, and the methyl vinyl carbinol is subsequently dehydrated to 1,3-butadiene by exposure to a solid acid catalyst.
摘要翻译:将包含2,3-丁二醇的组合物通过暴露于包含(a)M x Oy的催化剂脱水成甲基乙烯基甲醇和/或1,3-丁二烯,其中M是稀土金属,IIIA族金属,Zr或组合 并且x和y基于M的氧化态,或(b)M3a(PO4)b,其中M3是IA族,IIA族金属,IIIA族金属或其组合,a和b 是基于M3的氧化态。 包含M x O y的催化剂的实施方案可以进一步包括M2,其中M2是稀土金属,IIA族金属,Zr,Al或它们的组合。 在一些实施方案中,通过包含M x O y的催化剂将2,3-丁二醇脱水成甲基乙烯基甲醇和/或1,3-丁二烯,然后通过暴露于固体酸催化剂将甲基乙烯基甲醇脱水为1,3-丁二烯 。
摘要:
Disclosed is a calcination apparatus, including: a calcination tube having open ends at both terminals; a pair of hoods, each hood covering each open end of the calcination tube; and a pair of rings, each ring sealing a gap between the calcination tube and the hood, wherein the rings are directly or indirectly fixed on an outer surface of the calcination tube; a groove is provided along a circumferential direction of the ring at a contact surface side between the ring and the hood; a sealed chamber surrounded by the hood and the groove is formed; and both the calcination tube and the rings rotate in a circumferential direction of the calcination tube while keeping the hood in contact with both sides of the groove.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing acrylonitrile which includes a vapor phase catalytic ammoxidation process of performing vapor phase catalytic ammoxidation by bringing a source gas containing propylene, molecular oxygen, and ammonia into contact with a fluidized bed catalyst to obtain acrylonitrile. The method is characterized in that the fluidized bed catalyst is a catalyst containing iron, antimony, and tellurium, and the vapor phase catalytic ammoxidation process is performed while maintaining an adsorbed amount of ammonia per specific surface area (m2/g) of the fluidized bed catalyst in the range of 0.01 to 0.22 μmol/m2. According to the method for producing acrylonitrile of the invention, it is possible to stably maintain a high acrylonitrile yield over a long period of time.
摘要:
Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.
摘要:
A composition comprising 2,3-butanediol is dehydrated to methyl vinyl carbinol and/or 1,3-butadiene by exposure to a catalyst comprising (a) MxOy wherein M is a rare earth metal, a group IIIA metal, Zr, or a combination thereof, and x and y are based upon an oxidation state of M, or (b) M3a(PO4)b where M3 is a group IA, a group IIA metal, a group IIIA metal, or a combination thereof, and a and b are based upon the oxidation state of M3. Embodiments of the catalyst comprising MxOy may further include M2, wherein M2 is a rare earth metal, a group IIA metal, Zr, Al, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, 2,3-butanediol is dehydrated to methyl vinyl carbinol and/or 1,3-butadiene by a catalyst comprising MxOy, and the methyl vinyl carbinol is subsequently dehydrated to 1,3-butadiene by exposure to a solid acid catalyst.
摘要翻译:将包含2,3-丁二醇的组合物通过暴露于包含(a)M x Oy的催化剂脱水成甲基乙烯基甲醇和/或1,3-丁二烯,其中M是稀土金属,IIIA族金属,Zr或组合 并且x和y基于M的氧化态,或(b)M3a(PO4)b,其中M3是IA族,IIA族金属,IIIA族金属或其组合,a和b 是基于M3的氧化态。 包含M x O y的催化剂的实施方案可以进一步包括M2,其中M2是稀土金属,IIA族金属,Zr,Al或它们的组合。 在一些实施方案中,通过包含M x O y的催化剂将2,3-丁二醇脱水成甲基乙烯基甲醇和/或1,3-丁二烯,然后通过暴露于固体酸催化剂将甲基乙烯基甲醇脱水为1,3-丁二烯 。
摘要:
A process for producing a composite oxide catalyst which includes a step of preparing an aqueous slurry containing at least iron and antimony and composed of a liquid phase and a solid phase, a step of drying the aqueous slurry to obtain a dried material, and a step of calcining the obtained dried material, wherein of the precipitated particles having a particle size of not less than 1 μm but less than 150 μm contained within the aqueous slurry, the proportion of precipitated particles having a particle size of not less than 1 μm but less than 10 μm is within a range from 40 to 90% by volume, and the proportion of precipitated particles having a particle size of not less than 10 μm but less than 150 μm is within a range from 10 to 60% by volume.
摘要:
A method of forming a dehydrogenation catalyst support is carried out by forming a mixture comprising a bayerite aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and water into a support material. The support material is particulized. The particulized support material is compressed to a pressure of at least 5,000 psig to form a shaped body. The shaped body is calcined in pure steam at a temperature of at least 750° C. for at least 0.25 hours to form a catalyst support having an average pore diameter of 200 Å or greater. The catalyst support can then be treated with a dehydrogenation catalyst component so that the catalyst support contains the dehydrogenation catalyst component to form a dehydrogenation catalyst that can then be used by contacting a hydrocarbon feed with the catalyst within a reactor in the presence of steam under dehydrogenation reaction conditions suitable to form dehydrogenated hydrocarbon products.
摘要:
A cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell comprising a complex oxide having a perovskite structure expressed by the general formula ABO3 with a standard deviation value of no more than 10.3 for the atomic percentage of respective elements in the A site measured using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at 10 spots in a single field.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for producing compounds comprising at least one nitrile function by hydrocyanation of a compound comprising at least one non-conjugated unsaturation.The invention proposes a process for producing compounds comprising at least one nitrile function by hydrocyanation of an organic compound comprising at least one non-conjugated unsaturation, comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, by reaction with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a complex of nickel having the oxidation state of zero with at least one organophosphorus ligand chosen from the group comprising organophosphites, organophosphonites, organophosphinites and organosphosphines and a cocatalyst of the Lewis acid type.