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公开(公告)号：US07307271B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-11
申请号：US10982051
申请日：2004-11-05
IPC分类号： H01L29/06 , H01L31/036
CPC分类号： H01L29/0665 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y20/00 , H01L29/0673 , H01L29/0676 , H01L29/068 , H01S5/0261 , H01S5/041 , H01S5/183 , H01S5/341 , H01S5/3412 , H01S5/3428 , Y10S977/762 , Y10S977/763 , Y10S977/764 , Y10S977/938
摘要： A nano-colonnade structure-and methods of fabrication and interconnection thereof utilize a nanowire column grown nearly vertically from a (111) horizontal surface of a semiconductor layer to another horizontal surface of another layer to connect the layers. The nano-colonnade structure includes a first layer having the (111) horizontal surface; a second layer having the other horizontal surface; an insulator support between the first layer and the second layer that separates the first layer from the second layer. A portion of the second layer overhangs the insulator support, such that the horizontal surface of the overhanging portion is spaced from and faces the (111) horizontal surface of the first layer. The structure further includes a nanowire column extending nearly vertically from the (111) horizontal surface to the facing horizontal surface, such that the nanowire column connects the first layer to the second layer.
摘要翻译： 纳米柱廊结构及其制造和互连方法利用从半导体层的（111）水平表面几乎垂直地生长到另一层的另一水平表面的纳米线柱，以连接这些层。 纳米柱廊结构包括具有（111）水平表面的第一层; 具有另一水平表面的第二层; 第一层和第二层之间的绝缘体支撑，其将第一层与第二层分离。 第二层的一部分突出于绝缘体支撑件上，使得伸出部分的水平表面与第一层的（111）水平表面间隔开并面对第一层的（111）水平表面。 该结构还包括从（111）水平表面几乎垂直延伸到相对的水平表面的纳米线列，使得纳米线列将第一层连接到第二层。
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52.发明授权Nanoscale latches and impedance-encoded logic for use in nanoscale state machines, nanoscale pipelines, and in other nanoscale electronic circuits 有权纳米尺度锁存器和阻抗编码逻辑，用于纳米级状态机，纳米级管道和其他纳米级电子电路公开(公告)号：US07242215B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-10
申请号：US10974660
申请日：2004-10-27
IPC分类号： H03K19/173
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , G11C13/02 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , H03K19/02 , Y10S977/789
摘要： Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to implementation and use of logic-state-storing, impedance-encoded nanoscale, impedance-encoded latches that store logic values as impedance states within nanoscale electronic circuits that employ impedance-driven logic. In certain of these embodiments, use of nanoscale, impedance-encoded latches together with nanoscale electronic circuits that employ impedance-driven logic avoids cumulative degradation of voltage margins along a cascaded series of logic circuits and provides for temporary storage of intermediate logic values, allowing for practical interconnection of nanowire-crossbar-implemented logic circuits through nanoscale, impedance-encoded latches to other nanowire-crossbar-implemented logic circuits in order to implement complex, nanoscale-logic-circuit pipelines, nanoscale-logic-circuit-based state machines, and other complex logic devices with various different interconnection topologies and corresponding functionalities.
摘要翻译： 本发明的各种实施例涉及逻辑状态存储，阻抗编码的纳米级阻抗编码锁存器，其将逻辑值存储为采用阻抗驱动逻辑的纳米级电子电路内的阻抗状态。 在这些实施例的某些实施例中，使用纳米级阻抗编码的锁存器以及采用阻抗驱动逻辑的纳米级电子电路避免沿着级联的逻辑电路系列的电压裕度的累积劣化，并且提供中间逻辑值的临时存储，允许 将纳米线交叉开关逻辑电路通过纳米尺度阻抗编码的锁存器实际互连到其他纳米线交叉开关逻辑电路，以便实现复杂的纳米级逻辑电路管道，基于纳米级逻辑电路的状态机和 具有各种不同互连拓扑和相应功能的其他复杂逻辑器件。
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公开(公告)号：US07233711B1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-19
申请号：US11127542
申请日：2005-05-11
CPC分类号： G01N21/7703 , G01N21/648 , G01N21/65 , G01N21/94 , G01N33/569 , G01N35/00871 , G01N2021/7786 , G01N2035/00881
摘要： A sensor includes traps that are adjacent to a waveguide and capable of holding a contaminant for an interaction with an evanescent field surrounding the waveguide. When held in a trap, a particle of the contaminant, which may be an atom, a molecule, a virus, or a microbe, scatters light from the waveguide, and the scattered light can be measured to detect the presence or concentration of the contaminant. Holding of the particles permits sensing of the contaminant in a gas where movement of the particles might otherwise be too fast to permit measurement of the interaction with the evanescent field. The waveguide, a lighting system for the waveguide, a photosensor, and a communications interface can all be fabricated on a semiconductor die to permit fabrication of an autonomous nanosensor capable of suspension in the air or a gas being sensed.
摘要翻译： 传感器包括与波导相邻并且能够保持污染物以与与波导周围的ev逝场相互作用的陷阱。 当保持在陷阱中时，可能是原子，分子，病毒或微生物的污染物的颗粒散射来自波导的光，并且可以测量散射光以检测污染物的存在或浓度 。 保持颗粒允许感测气体中的污染物，其中颗粒的移动可能太快以至于不能测量与渐逝场的相互作用。 波导，用于波导的照明系统，光传感器和通信接口都可以在半导体管芯上制造，以允许制造能够在空气中悬浮的自主纳米传感器或被感测的气体。
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公开(公告)号：US07205941B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-17
申请号：US10931148
申请日：2004-08-30
申请人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Philip J Kuekes , Wei Wu , Joseph Straznicky , M. Saiful Islam
发明人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Philip J Kuekes , Wei Wu , Joseph Straznicky , M. Saiful Islam
CPC分类号： H01Q3/44 , H01Q15/0086
摘要： A composite material and related methods are described, the composite material being configured to exhibit a negative effective permittivity and/or a negative effective permeability for incident radiation at an operating wavelength, the composite material comprising an arrangement of electromagnetically reactive cells of small dimension relative to the operating wavelength. Each cell includes an externally powered gain element for enhancing a resonant response of that cell to the incident radiation at the operating wavelength.
摘要翻译： 描述了复合材料和相关方法，所述复合材料被配置为对于在工作波长处的入射辐射呈现负的有效介电常数和/或负的有效磁导率，所述复合材料包括相对于 工作波长。 每个单元包括外部供电的增益元件，用于增强该单元在工作波长处的入射辐射的谐振响应。
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公开(公告)号：US06846682B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-25
申请号：US09907314
申请日：2001-07-17
IPC分类号： B81B7/04 , B82B1/00 , G01R31/28 , G11C13/02 , H01L21/00 , H01L23/532 , H01L27/10 , H01L29/861 , H01L51/00 , H01L51/05 , H01L51/30 , H01L51/40
CPC分类号： H01L27/10 , B82B1/00 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , G11C13/0009 , G11C13/0014 , G11C13/02 , G11C2213/72 , G11C2213/77 , G11C2213/81 , H01L51/0595 , Y10S977/704 , Y10S977/705 , Y10S977/936
摘要： A route to the fabrication of electronic devices is provided, in which the devices consist of two crossed wires sandwiching an electrically addressable molecular species. The approach is extremely simple and inexpensive to implement, and scales from wire dimensions of several micrometers down to nanometer-scale dimensions. The device of the present invention can be used to produce crossbar switch arrays, logic devices, memory devices, and communication and signal routing devices. The present invention enables construction of molecular electronic devices on a length scale than can range from micrometers to nanometers via a straightforward and inexpensive chemical assembly procedure. The device is either partially or completely chemically assembled, and the key to the scaling is that the location of the devices on the substrate are defined once the devices have been assembled, not prior to assembly.
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56.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06256767B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-03
申请号：US09282049
申请日：1999-03-29
IPC分类号： G06F1750
CPC分类号： G11C13/0009 , B82Y10/00 , G11C8/00 , G11C8/10 , G11C13/02 , G11C2213/14 , G11C2213/81 , Y10S977/943
摘要： A demultiplexer for a two-dimensional array of a plurality of nanometer-scale switches (molecular wire crossbar network) is disclosed. Each switch comprises a pair of crossed wires which form a junction where one wire crosses another and at least one connector species connecting said pair of crossed wires in said junction. The connector species comprises a bi-stable molecule. The demultiplexer comprises a plurality of address lines accessed by a first set of wires in the two-dimensional array by randomly forming contacts between each wire in the first set of wires to at least one of the address lines. The first set of wires crosses a second set of wires to form the junctions. The demultiplexer solves both the problems of data input and output to a molecular electronic system and also bridges the size gap between CMOS and molecules with an architecture that can scale up to extraordinarily large numbers of molecular devices. Further, the demultiplexer is very defect tolerant, and can work despite a large number of defects in the system.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于多个纳米级开关（分子线交叉网络）的二维阵列的解复用器。 每个开关包括一对交叉线，其形成一条线与另一条线交叉的连接处，以及连接所述连接处的所述一对交叉线的至少一个连接器种类。 连接器种类包括双稳态分子。 解复用器包括通过在第一组线中的每个线之间随机形成至少一个地址线的接触，由二维阵列中的第一组线路访问的多个地址线。 第一组导线穿过第二组电线以形成接合部。 解复用器解决了数据输入和输出到分子电子系统的问题，并且还利用可以扩展到非常大数量的分子器件的架构来桥接CMOS和分子之间的尺寸间隙。 此外，解复用器是非常缺陷容忍的，并且尽管系统中存在大量的缺陷，但它可以工作。
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57.发明授权Method of binding a plurality of chemicals on a substrate by electrophoretic self-assembly 失效通过电泳自组装将基板上的多种化学物质结合的方法
公开(公告)号：US6107038A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-22
申请号：US134855
申请日：1998-08-14
申请人： Gargi Choudhary , Karen Hahnenberger , Philip J. Kuekes , Kay Lichtenwalter , William S. Hancock
发明人： Gargi Choudhary , Karen Hahnenberger , Philip J. Kuekes , Kay Lichtenwalter , William S. Hancock
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , G01N27/447 , G11C13/02 , C12Q1/68
CPC分类号： G11C13/0019 , B01J19/0046 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y15/00 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y5/00 , G01N27/447 , G11C13/0014 , B01J2219/00585 , B01J2219/00596 , B01J2219/00605 , B01J2219/00612 , B01J2219/00617 , B01J2219/00626 , B01J2219/00637 , B01J2219/00657 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00713 , Y10T436/143333
摘要： An electrophoretic technique is provided for moving a plurality of chemicals into distinct zones for immobilization on a solid surface. The technique includes introducing a first electrolyte and a second electrolyte into a channel, and interposing between the first and second electrolytes at least one solution containing a plurality of chemicals. Under a given electric field, the first electrolyte has anions with higher effective mobility than the chemicals and the second electrolyte has anions with lower effective mobility than the chemicals. When an electrical potential is applied across the length of the channel the plurality of chemicals in the solution are moved into spatial zones. The chemicals in the zones can then be bound to the interior surface of the channel. Chemicals so bound to the wall surface can be used to build very small structures such as arrays and electrical conducting structures.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种电泳技术，用于将多种化学品移动到不同的区域中，以固定在固体表面上。 该技术包括将第一电解质和第二电解质引入通道中，并且在第一和第二电解质之间插入至少一种含有多种化学物质的溶液。 在给定的电场下，第一电解质具有比化学品更高的有效迁移率的阴离子，并且第二电解质具有比化学品更低的有效迁移率的阴离子。 当跨越通道的长度施加电位时，溶液中的多种化学物质移动到空间区域中。 然后，区域中的化学物质可以结合到通道的内表面。 可以使用与壁表面结合的化学物质来构建非常小的结构，例如阵列和导电结构。
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公开(公告)号：US5729752A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-17
申请号：US19499
申请日：1993-02-19
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F13/40 , G06F15/173 , H05K1/14 , G06F1/00
CPC分类号： H05K1/14 , G06F13/409 , G06F15/17343
摘要： A network connection scheme for a direct or an indirect network. The network is implemented in two levels of circuit boards. Every board in the first level crosses all the boards in the second level, with every processor in the first level circuit board coupled to at least two processors that are on two second level circuit boards. This scheme significantly reduces the difficulty in implementing the network.
摘要翻译： 用于直接或间接网络的网络连接方案。 网络实现在两层电路板上。 第一级的每个电路板跨越第二级的所有电路板，第一级电路板中的每个处理器耦合到两个二级电路板上的至少两个处理器。 该方案大大降低了实现网络的难度。
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59.发明授权Crossbar switch connected modular multiprocessor system with processor timing relationship selected and synchronized to be appropriate for function being performed 失效交叉开关连接的模块化多处理器系统，选择和同步处理器时序关系，以适合正在执行的功能
公开(公告)号：US5175824A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-29
申请号：US348544
申请日：1989-05-08
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： G06F15/17375
摘要： This invention discloses a processing structure, and related method, for performing a selected data processing function by means of multiple processing modules that are selected to perform the selected function when appropriately connected together. The modules are removably connected to a common structure, such as a circuit board, which has associated with it a crossbar switch for providing intermodule data connections necessary for performing the selected function, and a synchronization unit for providing control signals to the modules to keep them in appropriate synchronism for performing the selected function. Convenient reconfiguration of the structure is effected by conditioning the crossbar switch and the synchronization unit as necessary to perform the different function.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种处理结构及相关方法，用于通过多个处理模块执行所选择的数据处理功能，所述多个处理模块被选择以在适当地连接在一起时执行所选择的功能。 模块可拆卸地连接到公共结构，例如电路板，其与其相关联，用于提供执行所选功能所需的模块间数据连接的交叉开关，以及用于向模块提供控制信号以保持它们的同步单元 用于执行所选功能的适当同步。 通过根据需要调节交叉开关和同步单元来实现结构的便利重新配置，以执行不同的功能。
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60.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08766228B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-01
申请号：US13121133
申请日：2008-10-29
IPC分类号： H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L27/10 , H01L21/2254 , H01L27/2463 , H01L45/08 , H01L45/1233 , H01L45/145 , H01L45/146 , H01L45/1625 , H01L45/1658 , H01L45/1675
摘要： An electrically actuated device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an active region disposed between the first and second electrodes. The device further includes at least one of dopant initiators or dopants localized at an interface between i) the first electrode and the active region, or ii) the second electrode and the active region, or iii) the active region and each of the first and second electrodes.
摘要翻译： 电驱动装置包括第一电极，第二电极和设置在第一和第二电极之间的有源区。 该器件还包括位于i）第一电极和有源区之间的界面处的掺杂剂引发剂或掺杂剂中的至少一种，或ii）第二电极和有源区，或iii）活性区和第一和 第二电极。
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