Abstract:
A process for the manufacture of a terphenyl compound [compound (T), herein after] of formula (T): wherein each of R and R′, equal to or different from each other, are selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, aryl, ether, thioether, ester, amide, imide, alkali or alkaline earth metal sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphonate, alkyl phosphonate, amine and quaternary ammonium; each of j′ and k, equal to or different from each other, are zero or are an integer from 1 to 4, including the steps of (i) reacting at least one organozinc compound of formula (I) with at least one dihalocompound of formula (II) in the presence of a catalyst compound; wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of a chloride, a bromide, an iodide, an alkanesulfonate or a fluoroalkanesulfonate anion, R2 is selected from selected from the group consisting of C1-C10-alkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, C1-C10-halooalkyl and C3-C10 halocyclo alkyl, each of Z, equal to or different from each other, are selected from the group consisting of a chloride, a bromide, an iodide, an alkanesulfonate or a fluoroalkanesulfonate anion; (ii) a Bayer-Villiger oxidation and (iii) hydrolysis or alcoholysis.
Abstract:
Provided is a continuous process for the oxidative cleavage of derivatives of unsaturated carboxylic acids for the production of saturated carboxylic acids and their derivatives which comprises the steps of: a) feeding to a first reactor at least a derivative of an unsaturated carboxylic acid, an oxidizing compound and a catalyst capable of catalyzing the oxidation reaction of the olefinic double bond to obtain an intermediate compound containing vicinal diols, and of b) feeding to a second reactor said intermediate compound, a compound containing oxygen and a catalyst capable of catalyzing the oxidation reaction of the vicinal diols to carboxylic groups, to obtain saturated monocarboxylic acids (i) and derivatives of saturated carboxylic acids with more than one acid function (ii); c) separating the saturated monocarboxylic acids (i) from the derivatives of carboxylic acids having more than one acid function (ii).
Abstract:
The invention relates to genetically engineered Candida tropicalis cells, use thereof and a method of production of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids and ω-hydroxycarboxylic acid esters.
Abstract:
A process of making entecavir comprising converting a compound of formula (M5) to entecavir, wherein the two PGs on the formula (M5) are taken together to form an optionally substituted six- or seven-member cyclic ring.
Abstract:
The preparation of an intermediate, a process for the preparation thereof and the process of preparing [4-[3,3-Bis-(4-bromo-phenyl)-allyloxy]-2-methyl-phenoxy]-acetic acid using this intermediate are described.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of halohydroxydiphenyl compounds useful for protecting organic materials and articles from microorganisms, of the formula by acylation of a halogenated benzene compound (first stage), etherification of the acylated compound with a halogenated phenol compound (second stage), oxidation of the etherified compound (third stage) and hydrolysis of the oxidized compound in a fourth stage, according to the following reaction scheme: in which R1 and R2 independently of one another are F, Cl or Br; R3 and R4 independently of one another are hydrogen; or C1-C4alkyl; m is 1 to 3; and n is 1 or 2.
Abstract:
A process for producing an acyloxynaphthoic acid represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, which comprises(a) oxidizing an acylalkylnaphthalene represented by the general formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is as defined, and R.sub.2 represents a lower alkyl group, with a peroxide, and(b) oxidizing the resulting acyloxyalkylnaphthalene represented by the general formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined above, with molecular oxygen in an organic solvent in the presence of a catalyst comprising a bromine compound and a cobalt compound.
Abstract:
A process for producing an acyloxynaphthoic acid represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, which comprises(a) oxidizing an acylalkylnaphthalene represented by the general formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is as defined, and R.sub.2 represents a lower alkyl group, with a peroxide, and(b) oxidizing the resulting acyloxyalkylnaphthalene represented by the general formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined above, with molecular oxygen in an organic solvent in the presence of a catalyst comprising a bromine compound and a cobalt compound.