摘要:
Disclosed is a semiconductor device, such as a semiconductor memory device, having structure wherein invasion of minority carriers from the semiconductor substrate into components of the device, formed on the substrate, can be avoided. The semiconductor memory device can be an SRAM or DRAM, for example, and includes a memory array and peripheral circuit on a substrate. In one aspect of the present invention, a buried layer of the same conductivity type as that of the substrate, but with a higher impurity concentration than that of the substrate, is provided beneath at least one of the peripheral circuit and memory array. A further region can extend from the buried layer, for example, to the surface of the semiconductor substrate, the buried layer and further region in combination acting as a shield to prevent minority carriers from penetrating to the device elements. As a second aspect of the present invention, first carrier absorbing areas (to absorb minority carriers) are located between the memory array and the switching circuit of the peripheral circuit, and second carrier absorbing areas are provided to surround input protective elements of the device. As a third embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of isolation regions of the same conductivity type are provided, with unequal voltages applied to these isolation regions, or unequal voltages applied to the substrate, on the one hand, and to these isolation regions, on the other.
摘要:
A power supply applies a power-supply voltage VDD to operate an LCD driver circuit. A booster circuit increases the power-supply voltage VDD, generating an LCD-driving voltage VLDC. When the power-supply voltage VDD is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage, a power-supply voltage detecting circuit outputs the LCD-driving voltage VLCD to a switch circuit. The switch circuit disconnects the line for applying the voltage VLCD, from the line for applying a reference voltage GND. When the power-supply voltage VDD is lower than the predetermined voltage, the power-supply voltage detecting circuit outputs an indefinite voltage to the switch circuit. In this case, the switch circuit short-circuits the line for applying the voltage VLCD, to the line for applying the reference voltage GND. This prevents undesired phenomena, such as flickering, from occurring on the screen of the liquid crystal display, even if the application of power-supply voltage VDD is interrupted.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory device which includes at least one of (1) an input buffer circuit which generates internal address signals in response to an incoming address; (2) a decoder circuit formed of plural logic gates each of which is composed of the combination of MOS and bipolar circuitry; (3) a sense amplifier circuit including a multiemitter transistor; (4) a signal or address transition detector circuit which includes input circuits each receiving, for example, an address signal of a voltage amplitude and outputting a current amplitude signal in response to a change in level of the address signal, and a detector circuit connected thereto which has a cascode amplifier arranged such that it receives current amplitude signals at an input thereof and in which the cascode amplifier input is maintained at a substantially constant voltage, in which the detection circuit detects a transition of one or more of the current amplitude signals and, in response thereto, generates an ATD signal of a voltage amplitude; and (5) an output buffer circuit, in which the decoder, sense amplifier and output buffer of the device are controlled in accordance with signals from a clock generator, which is responsive to the ATD signal.
摘要:
An improved buffer circuit arrangement is provided which is particularly useful for semiconductor integrated circuit semiconductor memories and microprocessors. The buffer circuit is capable of switching large loads in various types of LSIs, and features a low noise and high speed circuit operation. This is accomplished by a parallel connection of output transistors in an output buffer circuit, and by differentiating the starting time of operation between the output transistors connected in parallel without using a delay circuit. For example, differentiating the starting times can be achieved by either providing the transistors with different characteristics from one another or the driving circuits with different characteristics from one another. Another aspect of the circuit is the provision of a two-level preset arrangement which presets the output node of the circuit to predetermined values before the input signals are applied.
摘要:
In order to provide high speed and low power consumption, a semiconductor integrated circuit is constructed to utilize both CMOS elements and bipolar transistors. The bipolar transistors are used in the output portions to take advantage of their speed of operation to allow rapid charging and discharging of output lines. In the meantime, the principal operating portions of the circuit use CMOS elements of low power consumption. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in memory circuits.
摘要:
A delay circuit delays an input signal having a predetermined frequency by a time corresponding to a control signal. A delay amount detector detects a signal delay amount of the delay circuit. A charge pump circuit generates a DC voltage corresponding to a pulse width ratio between the input signal and a detection signal of the delay amount detector. This DC voltage is fed back to the delay circuit as a control signal.
摘要:
Lactobacillus screening methods were carried out using surface plasmon resonance spectrums and human intestinal mucin and blood group antigens as probes. A trial to set selection criteria in the above-mentioned methods of screening for lactobacilli was made to adapt the methods to mass screening, and it was discovered that lactobacilli compatible with ABO blood groups can be screened by setting 100 RU as a criterion for judging bacterial binding under certain conditions. Using 238 lactobacillus strains, the above-mentioned screening methods and tests to judge their compatibility for the use of yogurt production were carried out, to at long last specifically discover bacillus strains compatible with blood groups A, B, and O.
摘要:
The invention provides an inorganic dissolution accelerator used for obtaining a water-soluble inorganic compound(s), high in concentration and containing a large solid content, which accelerator is prepared by making one or more compounds selected from fluorides, mineral acids, mineral “ous” acids and salts thereof, and boric acid compounds, all either natural or synthetic, coexist with an alkali metal and/or substance containing an alkaline metal, and is able to transform metals and inorganic substances present in water, either natural or synthetic, containing as the main component silicon Si, aluminum Al, and/or boron B, into amorphous highly water-soluble inorganic compounds having the solubilities equal to, or larger than those well known in the art.
摘要:
A voltage transforming circuit comprises a constant-voltage regulator circuit for receiving a first voltage from a first voltage source and outputting a second voltage having the same polarity as the first voltage and a predetermined absolute value lower than the same, a step-up circuit, having a plurality of output terminals, for receiving the second voltage and a first synchronization signal, the step-up circuit stepping up the absolute value of the second voltage and controlling the operation of charging capacitors, thereby outputting from the output terminals a plurality of stepped-up voltages of the same polarity having absolute values higher than the second voltage, a level shifter circuit for receiving a second synchronization signal which uses the first voltage as one of logic levels, and receiving that one of the stepped-up voltages which has a highest absolute value higher than that of the first voltage, the level shifter circuit shifting the voltage of the one of logic levels to the highest absolute value of the stepped-up voltages, thereby creating the first synchronization signal, and a one-way conductive element connected between the first voltage source and that one of the output terminals of the step-up circuit from which the stepped-up voltage of the highest absolute value is output.
摘要:
In order to provide high speed and low power consumption, a semiconductor integrated circuit is constructed to utilize both CMOS elements and bipolar transistors. The bipolar transistors are used in the output portions to take advantage of their speed of operation to allow rapid charging and discharging of output lines. In the meantime, the principal operating portions of the circuit use CMOS elements of low power consumption. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in memory circuits.