Abstract:
An ellipsometer includes a light source, a polarizer, an asymmetric wavelength retarder, an analyzer and an optical detection component. The light source is configured to provide a light beam having multiple wavelengths incident to a sample. The polarizer is disposed between the light source and the sample, and configured to polarize the light beam. The asymmetric wavelength retarder is configured to provide a varied retardation effect on the light beam varied by wavelength. The analyzer is configured to analyze a polarization state of the light beam reflected by the sample. The optical detection component is configured to detect the light beam from the analyzer.
Abstract:
A method for generating an electromagnetic radiation includes the following operations. A target material is introduced in a chamber. A light beam is irradiated on the target material in the chamber to generate plasma and an electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic radiation is collected with an optical device. A gas mixture is introduced in the chamber. The gas mixture includes a first buffer gas reactive to the target material, and a second buffer gas to slow down debris of the target material and/or plasma by-product, so as to increase an reaction efficiency of the target material and the first buffer gas, and to reduce deposition of the debris of the target material and/or the plasma by-product on the optical device.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing a pellicle includes: providing a supporting substrate; forming an oxide layer over the supporting substrate; forming a metal layer over the oxide layer; forming a graphene layer over the metal layer; and removing at least a portion of the supporting substrate and the oxide layer. An associated method includes: providing a supporting substrate; forming a first silicon carbide (SiC) layer or a diamond layer over the supporting substrate; forming a graphene layer over the SiC layer or the diamond layer; and removing at least a portion of the supporting substrate and the first silicon carbide (SiC) layer or the diamond layer; wherein the pellicle is at least partially transparent to extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation. An associated pellicle is also disclosed.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit includes a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region; a first gate stack of an n-type field-effect transistor (FET) in the first region; and a second gate stack of a p-type FET in the second region. The first gate stack includes a high k dielectric layer on the semiconductor substrate, a first crystalline metal layer in a first orientation on the high k dielectric layer, and a conductive material layer on the first crystalline metal layer. The second gate stack includes the high k dielectric layer on the semiconductor substrate, a second crystalline metal layer in a second orientation on the high k dielectric layer, and the conductive material layer on the second crystalline metal layer.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit includes a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region; a first gate stack of an n-type field-effect transistor (FET) in the first region; and a second gate stack of a p-type FET in the second region. The first gate stack includes a high k dielectric layer on the semiconductor substrate, a first crystalline metal layer in a first orientation on the high k dielectric layer, and a conductive material layer on the first crystalline metal layer. The second gate stack includes the high k dielectric layer on the semiconductor substrate, a second crystalline metal layer in a second orientation on the high k dielectric layer, and the conductive material layer on the second crystalline metal layer.
Abstract:
An electromagnetic radiation generation apparatus includes a collector, a gas supplier and a gas pipeline. The collector has a reflection surface configured to reflect an electromagnetic radiation. The collector includes a bottom portion, a perimeter portion, and a middle portion between the bottom portion and the perimeter portion. The middle portion of the collector includes a plurality of openings. The gas supplier is configured to provide a buffer gas. The gas pipeline is in communication with the gas supplier and the collector, and configured to purge the buffer gas through the openings of the middle portion to form a gas protection layer near the reflection surface of the collector. The openings of the middle portion include a plurality of holes arranged in an array including a plurality of rows of holes, or a plurality of concentric gaps.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides a dehydrating chemical for dehydrating a semiconductor substrate under an ambient temperature, including a first chemical having a melting point below the ambient temperature, and a second chemical having a melting point greater than the melting point of the first chemical, wherein the dehydrating chemical has a melting point less than the ambient temperature by predetermined ΔT0 degrees, and at least one of the first chemical and the second chemical has a saturated vapor pressure greater than a predetermined pressure PSV under 1 atm.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing a pellicle includes: providing a supporting substrate; forming an oxide layer over the supporting substrate; forming a metal layer over the oxide layer; forming a graphene layer over the metal layer; and removing at least a portion of the supporting substrate and the oxide layer. An associated method includes: providing a supporting substrate; forming a first silicon carbide (SiC) layer or a diamond layer over the supporting substrate; forming a graphene layer over the SiC layer or the diamond layer; and removing at least a portion of the supporting substrate and the first silicon carbide (SiC) layer or the diamond layer; wherein the pellicle is at least partially transparent to extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation. An associated pellicle is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A gate structure including a substrate and a gate dielectric layer formed over the substrate. The gate structure further includes a workfunction layer over the gate dielectric layer and spacers enclosing the gate dielectric layer and the workfunction layer. A top surface of a portion of the workfunction layer in contact with sidewalls of the spacer is a same distance from the gate dielectric layer as a top surface of a center portion of the work function layer.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides a wet chemical heating system, including a first conduit for transporting wet chemical, a dispensing head connected to the first conduit, and a radiative heating element configured to heat the wet chemical in the first conduit and positioned at an upper stream of the dispensing head.