Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for filling a gap by using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method are provided. The method includes forming a first reaction inhibition layer on a side wall of the gap; forming a first precursor layer by adsorbing a first reactant into a bottom of the gap and the side wall of the gap around the bottom of the gap; and forming a first atomic layer on the bottom of the gap and the side wall of the gap around the bottom of the gap by adsorbing a second reactant into the first precursor layer. The forming of the first reaction inhibition layer may include adsorbing a first reaction inhibitor into the side wall of the gap; and forming a second reaction inhibitor by removing a specific ligand from the first reaction inhibitor.
Abstract:
A method of patterning holes includes placing a substrate on a stage of a laser system, the substrate having a graphene layer on a surface thereof, generating a pulse laser from the laser system, and forming a plurality of hole patterns spaced apart from each other on the graphene layer by irradiating the pulse laser while the graphene layer is in motion.
Abstract:
An optical device forms a refractive index distribution for exhibiting a certain phase delay profile with respect to light in a visible light wavelength, and includes a nanopattern layer including a crystalline compound having a refractive index greater than 3 with respect to the light in the visible light wavelength band and a height equal to or less than 2 μm. The nanopattern layer may include the crystalline compound grown according to a selective epitaxial growth method, and accordingly, may have a height beneficial for a manufacturing process. Thus, the efficiency of the optical device may be improved.
Abstract:
Nonreciprocal optical transmission devices and optical apparatuses including the nonreciprocal optical transmission devices are provided. A nonreciprocal optical transmission device includes an optical input portion, an optical output portion, and an intermediate connecting portion interposed between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and comprising optical waveguides. A complex refractive index of any one or any combination of the optical waveguides changes between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and a transmission direction of light through the nonreciprocal optical transmission device is controlled by a change in the complex refractive index.
Abstract:
A meta-optical device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The method includes depositing a group III-V compound semiconductor on a substrate, forming an anti-oxidation layer, performing crystallization by using post annealing, removing the anti-oxidation layer, and manufacturing a meta-optical device by using patterning.
Abstract:
Provided are semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the same. A semiconductor device may include a source, a drain, a semiconductor element between the source and the drain, and a graphene layer that is provided on the source and the semiconductor element and is spaced apart from the drain. Surfaces of the source and the drain are substantially co-planar with a surface of the semiconductor element. The semiconductor element may be spaced apart from the source and may contact the drain. The graphene layer may have a planar structure. A gate insulating layer and a gate may be provided on the graphene layer. The semiconductor device may be a transistor. The semiconductor device may have a barristor structure. The semiconductor device may be a planar type graphene barristor.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor chip including a semiconductor integrated circuit; a cooling channel including a surface of the semiconductor chip and configured to provide a passage for a coolant to cool the semiconductor chip; and a plurality of flexible capillary patterns on the surface of the semiconductor chip inside the cooling channel and configured to move the coolant by capillary action, wherein each capillary pattern of the plurality of flexible capillary patterns may include a first portion in a length direction of the capillary pattern that contacts and is supported by the surface of the semiconductor chip, and a second portion in the length direction that is spaced apart from and unsupported by the surface of the semiconductor chip, and a curvature of the second portion of each capillary pattern of the plurality of flexible capillary patterns changes according to temperature.
Abstract:
Provided is an image sensor including a plurality of first electrode layers spaced apart from each other, a second electrode layer opposite to the plurality of first electrode layers, and a pixel layer provided between the plurality of first electrode layers and the second electrode layer, the pixel layer including a plurality of nanorod pixels, wherein a size of each nanorod pixel among the plurality of nanorod pixels is less than 1 μm, wherein the plurality of nanorod pixels include a first pixel including a compound semiconductor, and wherein the first pixel includes a first compound semiconductor layer doped with a first dopant, a second compound semiconductor layer that is undoped, and a third compound semiconductor layer doped with a second dopant different from the first dopant.
Abstract:
A meta-optical device and a method of manufacturing a metasurface are provided. The meta-optical device includes a substrate and a nanostructure, wherein the nanostructure includes a first portion and a second portion that differ in at least one of a diameter and a period, wherein a ratio of an etch depth of the second portion to an etch depth of the first portion is about 0.9 to about 1.1, and the nanostructure includes at least one of sulfur, fluorine, and fluorocarbon.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for filling a gap by using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method are provided. The method includes forming a first reaction inhibition layer by adsorbing a reaction inhibitor onto a side wall of the gap, forming a first precursor layer by adsorbing a first reactant onto the bottom of the gap and the side wall of the gap around the bottom of the gap, and forming a first atomic layer on the bottom of the gap and the side wall of the gap around the bottom of the gap. The reaction inhibitor includes a precursor material that does not react with a second reactant. The first reaction inhibition layer may have a density gradient in which a density of the reaction inhibitor decreases toward a bottom of the gap. The forming the first atomic layer includes adsorbing the second reactant onto the first precursor layer.