公开(公告)号：US4947810A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-14

申请号：US236663

申请日：1988-08-25

申请人： Per Gillbrand ,  Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

发明人： Per Gillbrand ,  Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

IPC分类号： F02P3/08 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B77/04 ,  F02P9/00 ,  F02P15/00 ,  F02P15/10 ,  F02P15/12 ,  F02P17/12

CPC分类号： F02P15/12 ,  F02B77/04 ,  F02P15/006 ,  F02P15/08 ,  F02P9/002 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： The invention relates to a method and arrangement for cleaning the spark plugs of an internal combustion engine automatically subsequent to the engine stopping and then, preferably, after an unsuccessful attempt to start the engine. Consequently, conditions for a successful starting attempt are made more favorable. Conditions preventing the start of an engine are often due to the presence of deposits on one of the spark plugs, these deposits preventing an ignition spark from being produced in the cylinder. The inventive method and arrangement solve this problem by burning clean the spark plugs immediately after the engine has stopped, and then preferably after the engine has failed to start. A detection means establishes whether or not the engine has started by sensing a suitable engine parameter, preferably engine speed, through a speed indicator. When the detection means detects that the engine has stopped or has failed to start, a signal is sent to the control unit, which subsequently causes the ignition system to generate a shower of sparks in close succession on all spark plugs, either in parallel or in one cylinder at a time. The spark showers burn-off any deposits on the spark-plugs.

公开(公告)号：US4648367A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-10

申请号：US810186

申请日：1985-12-18

申请人： Per Gillbrand ,  Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

发明人： Per Gillbrand ,  Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02P17/12 ,  G01N27/60 ,  G01N27/68 ,  F02P17/00 ,  G01M15/00

CPC分类号： F02P17/12 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02P2017/125 ,  F02P2017/128

摘要： The invention relates to a method for detecting ion current in an ignition circuit included in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine, where a measuring voltage is applied to the ignition circuit and a measuring device is utilized for detecting ion current possibly present in the ignition circuit. In known solutions of this kind, it has been necessary to use comparatively expensive electronic components, usually not manufactured as standard, to protect the outside voltage source from high voltages occurring in the ignition circuit. The problems are aggravated when the prior art is applied to capacitive ignition systems. The present invention solves the problems involved in an advantageous manner and is essentially distinguished in that a constant measuring voltage is applied to the grounded connection of the ignition circuit between a secondary winding of the ignition circuit and a capacitor in the ground connection, and in that a possible ion current in the ignition circuit is detected in means, by a signal representing the ion current being taken off from the ground connection of the secondary winding.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于检测包括在内燃机的点火系统中的点火电路中的离子电流的方法，其中测量电压被施加到点火电路，并且使用测量装置来检测可能存在于点火中的离子电流 电路。 在这种已知的解决方案中，必须使用通常不作为标准制造的比较昂贵的电子元件来保护外部电压源免受点火电路中出现的高压。 当将现有技术应用于电容式点火系统时，这些问题更加恶化。 本发明以有利的方式解决了所涉及的问题，并且本质上区别在于，在点火电路的次级绕组和接地连接中的电容器之间的点火电路的接地连接上施加恒定的测量电压，并且因此 通过表示从次级绕组的接地连接断开的离子电流的信号，在装置中检测点火电路中的可能的离子电流。

公开(公告)号：US4903676A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-27

申请号：US236665

申请日：1988-08-25

申请人： Per Gillbrand ,  Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

发明人： Per Gillbrand ,  Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B77/04 ,  F02P3/08 ,  F02P15/00 ,  F02P15/10 ,  F02P15/12 ,  F02P17/12

CPC分类号： F02B77/04 ,  F02P15/10 ,  F02P15/12 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/027

摘要： The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for improving the starting ability of an internal combustion engine during difficult engine starting conditions that result from cold weather or other external circumstances. Lower than normal engine starting speeds can occur during cold weather, for example. So as not to hinder an engine start, it is essential that the spark plugs be free from deposits and in their best condition. This is achieved by burning off any deposits present on spark plugs during an engine start attempt, when difficult engine starting conditions are detected. During an engine start attempt a comparison circuit ascertains whether or not one or more detected engine parameters have a lower value than in normal engine starting conditions. The comparison circuit sends a signal to the control unit controlling the ignition system, so that the control unit will initiate the generation of a plurality of sparks, instead of a single spark, at ignition time points. The resultant spark shower then burns off any deposits that are present.

公开(公告)号：US5335743A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-09

申请号：US39362

申请日：1993-04-16

申请人： Per Gillbrand ,  Hans Johansson ,  Per Johansson ,  Bengt Elgh

发明人： Per Gillbrand ,  Hans Johansson ,  Per Johansson ,  Bengt Elgh

IPC分类号： B60K20/02 ,  B60K20/06 ,  B60K26/02 ,  B60K31/04 ,  B60T7/08 ,  B60W10/00 ,  B60W10/04 ,  B60W10/10 ,  B60W10/18 ,  B62D1/04 ,  F16H59/08 ,  B60K31/02 ,  B60K41/28 ,  G05G9/02

CPC分类号： B60K31/047 ,  B60K20/02 ,  B60K20/06 ,  B60K26/02 ,  B60T7/08 ,  B62D1/04 ,  B62D1/046 ,  F16H2059/006 ,  F16H2059/0239 ,  Y10T74/20256 ,  Y10T74/20834

摘要： A steering wheel (11) is fitted with a control (13) which, when operated in mutually independent control directions (41-45), controls the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle, as well as upward and downward gear changing, and activates one of a number of cruise control functions. The control (13) may preferably be mounted immediately adjacent to the steering wheel rim (15) on the upper side of a wheel spoke (12), so that it may readily be operated by the driver's thumb without the necessity of releasing the grip on the wheel. Thus, the control incorporates all of the most essential driving control functions. The control according to the present invention encourages the driver to select, at an early stage, those accelerator and gear-change parameters which are most advantageous to economic driving or are most suited to the prevailing traffic conditions, the control actions required involving a minimum of manual movements. The present invention also relates to an arrangement and a method of controlling servo devices for the driving of a motor vehicle, utilizing the control (13) mounted on the steering wheel.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE91 / 00689 Sec。 371日期：1993年04月16日 102（e）日期1993年4月16日PCT 1991年10月15日PCT PCT。 公开号WO92 / 06860 方向盘（11）装有控制装置（13），该控制装置在相互独立的控制方向（41-45）中操作时控制车辆的加速和减速，以及向上和向下 向下变速，并激活多个巡航控制功能之一。 控制器（13）可以优选地安装在轮辐轮胎（12）的上侧上的方向盘边缘（15）的紧邻处，使得其可以容易地由驾驶员的拇指操作，而不需要释放把手 车轮。 因此，该控制包含所有最重要的驱动控制功能。 根据本发明的控制鼓励驾驶员在早期阶段选择对经济驾驶最有利或最适合于当前交通状况的那些加速器和换档参数，所需的控制动作涉及至少 手动移动。 本发明还涉及利用安装在方向盘上的控制装置（13）来控制用于驾驶机动车辆的伺服装置的装置和方法。

公开(公告)号：US5676113A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-14

申请号：US628606

申请日：1996-04-11

申请人： Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

发明人： Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

IPC分类号： F02D35/02 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02P5/153 ,  F02P17/12 ,  F02P5/15

CPC分类号： F02P17/12 ,  F02P5/153 ,  F02D2200/1004 ,  F02P2017/125 ,  Y02T10/46

摘要： An improved method applied in combustion engines which use the ionization current in the combustion chamber in order to extract a parameter representative of the pressure in the cylinder, which parameter is used for controlling the ignition timing within an extended range for the load- and speed range. The method is based on an integration of a parameter dependent on the ionization current. In a first embodiment, the mass center position of the integral is calculated, which mass center position is used as a position corresponding to the peak pressure position. The ignition timing is adjusted in such a manner that the mass center position, and hence the peak pressure position, strives to obtain a predetermined target value. In a second embodiment, an integrated value is calculated, which take into account the mechanics of the combustion engine, in such a way that the integrated value corresponds to a value representative of the torque transmitted to the crankshaft. By optimizing the integrated value, the torque transmitted to the crankshaft can be optimized as well, obtaining an optimal usage of the fuel-air mixture supplied.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE95 / 00912 Sec。 371日期：1996年4月11日 102（e）日期1996年4月11日PCT提交1995年8月8日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 05427 日期1996年2月22日一种改进的方法应用在内燃机中，其使用燃烧室中的电离电流，以便提取代表气缸中的压力的​​参数，该参数用于将点火正时控制在扩展范围内 负载和速度范围。 该方法基于取决于电离电流的参数的积分。 在第一实施例中，计算积分的质量中心位置，哪个质量中心位置用作对应于峰值压力位置的位置。 调整点火正时，使得质量中心位置，从而使峰值压力位置努力获得预定的目标值。 在第二实施例中，以积分值对应于表示传递到曲轴的扭矩的值的方式计算积分值，该积分值考虑了内燃机的力学特性。 通过优化积分值，也可以优化传递到曲轴的扭矩，从而获得所提供的燃料 - 空气混合物的最佳使用。

公开(公告)号：US4907562A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-13

申请号：US274317

申请日：1988-11-18

申请人： Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

发明人： Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

IPC分类号： F02P3/08 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02P3/09 ,  F02P15/12

CPC分类号： F02P3/093 ,  F02P15/12 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： The invention relates to a method for achieving elevated charging of an ignition capacitor in a capacitive type ignition system for internal combustion engines. When starting a cold engine or when starting the engine under other conditions in which the battery capacity is low, activation of the engine starting motor will result in a drop in voltage in the electric system serving both the starting motor and the ignition system. The voltage drop in the electrical system will vary sinusoidally synchronously with the crankshaft rotation, owing to the fact that the starting motor will momentarily subject the electrical system to higher loads when the pistons are located adjacent their top-dead-center position L in the compression stroke. The method solves this problem, by delaying the re-charging of the capacitor until a position is reached in which the voltage drop in the electrical system has its lowest value.

公开(公告)号：US5653209A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-05

申请号：US624612

申请日：1996-04-11

申请人： Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

发明人： Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

IPC分类号： F02B75/02 ,  F02D35/02 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02D41/24

CPC分类号： F02D41/1497 ,  F02D35/027 ,  F02D41/2458 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02D2200/1015 ,  F02D2400/04 ,  F02D35/021

摘要： A method and system for adaptive correction of the amount of fuel supplied in two-stroke combustion engines which during a continuous operation period regulates the air-fuel mixture regulated by increments in the lean direction (.DELTA.F.sup.-) or in the rich direction (.DELTA.F.sup.+), whereby fuel amounts (F) are established which cause knocking (KNOCK) and four-stroking or misfiring (4-ST), respectively. These limit values are stored as a lean limit value M.sub.FK and a rich limit value M.sub.F4ST, respectively. For further operation of the combustion engine, a corrected fuel amount F.sub.koor, is used, which is corrected in relation to the fuel amount F.sub.tab given from an empirically determined value stored in a map, and dependent on the established lean limit value M.sub.FK and the rich limit value M.sub.F4ST, respectively. The fuel amount (F) supplied will suitably be given according to the function: F=F.sub.korr =M.sub.FK +K.multidot.(M.sub.F4ST -M.sub.FK), where K is a margin factor which defines if further operation of the engine will be controlled having an equidistant margin towards a knocking condition or a four-stroking or misfire condition, i.e., if K is set to a value of 0.5, or if further operation will be controlled toward leaner air-fuel ratios, i.e., if K is set to a value below 0.5. Further control could thus be made having a fixed relative margin towards a knocking condition as well as a four-stroking condition.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE95 / 00915 Sec。 371日期：1996年4月11日 102（e）日期1996年4月11日PCT提交1995年8月8日PCT公布。 第WO96 / 05419号公报 日期1996年2月22日一种用于对连续操作期间供给的燃料量进行自适应校正的方法和系统，其调节由倾斜方向（DELTA F-）上的增量或空气 - 燃料混合物 丰富的方向（DELTA F +），其中燃料量（F）分别被建立为引起爆震（KNOCK）和四冲程或失火（4-ST）。 这些极限值分别作为稀薄极限值MFK和丰富极限值MF4ST存储。 为了进一步操作内燃机，使用校正燃料量Fkoor，其相对于从存储在地图中的经验确定值给出的燃料量Ftab进行校正，并且依赖于建立的稀薄极限值MFK和富 极限值MF4ST。 根据以下功能，F = Fkorr = MFK + Kx（MF4ST-MFK）可以给出供给的燃料量（F），其中K是一个边际因子，其定义是否控制发动机的进一步操作具有等距余量 如果将K设定为0.5，或者如果将进一步的操作控制到较稀的空燃比，即如果将K设定为低于0.5的值，则可以进入敲击状态或四冲程或失火状态 。 因此可以进一步控制具有朝向敲击状态的固定相对裕度以及四冲程状态。

公开(公告)号：US4785789A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-22

申请号：US143137

申请日：1988-01-07

申请人： Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

发明人： Hans Johansson ,  Jan Nytomt

IPC分类号： F02P5/15 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02P3/06 ,  F02P3/08 ,  F02P7/03 ,  F02P15/08 ,  F02P15/10 ,  F02P15/12

CPC分类号： F02P15/08 ,  F02P15/10 ,  F02P15/12 ,  F02P3/0884 ,  F02P7/035 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/027

摘要： Disclosed is a method and system for controlling, in a multi-cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine, the spark ignition in at least two cylinders, the pistons of which simultaneously assume a top dead center position. The method and system achieve a more reliable start with low supply voltage. For this purpose, the charging and discharging of an ignition capacitor is controlled by a control unit in such a way that, when the pistons in a pair of cylinders pass through the same crankshaft angle range close to the top dead center position, ignition is generated in first one and then the other of the pair of cylinders. Between the times for generating the ignition, the ignition capacitor is charged as a function of supply voltage so that a full charge is utilized for generating the ignition sparks in the cylinders.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE87 / 00238 Sec。 371日期：1988年1月7日 102（e）日期1988年1月7日PCT提交1987年5月13日PCT公布。 出版物WO87 / 06979 日期：1987年11月19日。公开的是一种在多缸四冲程内燃机中控制至少两个气缸中的火花点火的方法和系统，其活塞同时具有上死点位置。 该方法和系统在低电源电压下实现更可靠的启动。 为此，点火电容器的充电和放电由控制单元控制，使得当一对气缸中的活塞通过接近上止点位置的相同的曲轴角度范围时，产生点火 在第一个，然后另一个对的气瓶。 在产生点火的时间之间，点火电容器根据电源电压进行充电，从而利用完全充电来产生气缸中的点火火花。

公开(公告)号：US20070112178A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-17

申请号：US10589718

申请日：2005-02-24

申请人： Bo-Lennart Johansson ,  Hans Johansson ,  Anders Ljunglof ,  Jean-Luc Maloisel ,  Nicolas Thevenin

发明人： Bo-Lennart Johansson ,  Hans Johansson ,  Anders Ljunglof ,  Jean-Luc Maloisel ,  Nicolas Thevenin

IPC分类号： C07K16/00 ,  C02F1/28

CPC分类号： C07K1/18 ,  B01D15/362 ,  B01D15/3809 ,  B01D15/3847 ,  B01J39/07 ,  B01J39/26 ,  B01J47/014 ,  C07K1/165 ,  B01D15/327

摘要： The present invention relates to a method of separating antibodies from contaminants in a solution, which method comprises contacting the solution with a chromatography resin comprised of a support to which multi-modal ligands have been immobilised, wherein a multi-modal ligand comprises at least one cation-exchanging group and at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system. In one embodiment, the ring-forming atoms of the aromatic or hereoaromatic entity are selected among C, S or O, and the cation exchanging group is a weak cation exchanger. The present method may be used as a single step procedure or as a polishing step following a capture on a Protein A column.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种从溶液中的污染物中分离抗体的方法，该方法包括使该溶液与包含固定有多元配体的载体的色谱树脂接触，其中多模式配体包含至少一个 阳离子交换基团和至少一个芳族或杂芳族环系统。 在一个实施方案中，芳族或非芳族实体的成环原子选自C，S或O，并且阳离子交换基团是弱阳离子交换剂。 本方法可以用作单步骤程序或作为在蛋白A柱上捕获后的抛光步骤。

公开(公告)号：US20060134805A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-22

申请号：US11315402

申请日：2005-12-22

申请人： Hans Berg ,  Gunnar Malmquist ,  Per-Mikael Aberg ,  Hans Johansson

发明人： Hans Berg ,  Gunnar Malmquist ,  Per-Mikael Aberg ,  Hans Johansson

IPC分类号： G01N33/558

CPC分类号： G01N33/543 ,  B01D15/3809 ,  B01J20/286 ,  B01J20/3212 ,  B01J20/3274 ,  G01N33/558 ,  Y10S436/824

摘要： The present invention relates to a separation matrix comprised of porous particles to which antibody-binding protein ligands have been immobilised, wherein the ligand density is in the range of 5.0-10 mg/ml; the gel phase distribution coefficient of the particles expressed as Kav for a dextran of size 110 kDa is above 0.65 and the median particle diameter is between 65-84 μm. The carbohydrate material is preferably highly cross-linked agarose.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及由多孔颗粒组成的分离基质，抗体结合蛋白质配体已经固定在其上，其中配体密度在5.0-10mg / ml的范围内; 对于大小为110kDa的葡聚糖，表示为K 的颗粒的凝胶相分布系数高于0.65，中值粒径在65-84μm之间。 碳水化合物材料优选是高度交联的琼脂糖。