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1.
公开(公告)号:US12274099B2
公开(公告)日:2025-04-08
申请号:US17707495
申请日:2022-03-29
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Dajiang Yang , Hong Wei Lee , Xiaofeng Fan , Oray O. Cellek , Xiangli Li , Kai Shen
IPC: H01L27/146 , G02B3/00 , H04N25/20 , H04N25/532 , H04N25/771 , H10F39/00 , H10F39/18
Abstract: Disclosed herein are global shutter image sensors and methods of operating such image sensors. An image sensor includes a semiconductor wafer having a light receiving surface opposite an electrical connection surface; an oxide extending from the light receiving surface toward the electrical connection surface and at least partially surrounding a pixel region; a photodiode disposed within the pixel region; and a set of storage nodes disposed under the photodiode, between the photodiode and the electrical connection surface. The set of storage nodes comprises a first storage node and a second storage node. The storage nodes may be disposed vertically beneath the photodiode, or side by side.
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公开(公告)号:US20240106192A1
公开(公告)日:2024-03-28
申请号:US17951410
申请日:2022-09-23
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Fei Tan , Keith Lyon , Tong Chen , Chin Han Lin , Xiaofeng Fan , Arnaud Laflaquiere
CPC classification number: H01S5/0262 , G01S7/4812 , G02B7/287 , G03B13/20 , G03B13/36 , H01L31/125 , H01S5/042 , H01S5/423
Abstract: Disclosed herein are electronic devices that include arrays of dual function light transmit and receive pixels. The pixels of such arrays include a photodetector (PD) structure and a vertical-cavity, surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) diode, both formed in a common stack of epitaxial semiconductor layers. The pixels of the array may be configured by a controller or processor to function either as a light emitter by biasing the VCSEL diode, or as a light detector or receiver by a different bias applied to the PD structure, and this functionality may be altered in time. The array of dual function pixels may be positioned interior to an optical display of an electronic device, in some cases to provide depth sensing or autofocus. The array of pixels may be registered with a camera of an electronic device, such as to provide depth sensing or autofocus.
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公开(公告)号:US10943935B2
公开(公告)日:2021-03-09
申请号:US15682255
申请日:2017-08-21
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Xiangli Li , Xiaofeng Fan , Chung Chun Wan
IPC: H01L27/146 , H04N5/378 , H04N5/355 , H04N5/3745 , H04N5/369
Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for charge transfer in image sensors are disclosed. One example of an image sensor pixel may include a first charge storage node and a second charge storage node. A transfer circuit may be coupled between the first and second charge storage nodes, and the transfer circuit may have a first region proximate the first charge storage node and configured to have a first potential. The transfer circuit may also have a second region proximate the second charge storage node configured to have a second, higher potential. An input node may be configured to control the first and second potentials based on a transfer signal provided to the input node.
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公开(公告)号:US10462402B2
公开(公告)日:2019-10-29
申请号:US15992484
申请日:2018-05-30
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Xiaofeng Fan
IPC: H04N5/369 , H04N5/335 , H01L27/146 , H01L27/148 , H01L29/78 , H04N9/04
Abstract: A vertically stacked image sensor having a photodiode chip and a transistor array chip. The photodiode chip includes at least one photodiode and a transfer gate extends vertically from a top surface of the photodiode chip. The image sensor further includes a transistor array chip stacked on top of the photodiode chip. The transistor array chip includes the control circuitry and storage nodes. The image sensor further includes a logic chip vertically stacked on the transistor array chip. The transfer gate communicates data from the at least one photodiode to the transistor array chip and the logic chip selectively activates the vertical transfer gate, the reset gate, the source follower gate, and the row select gate.
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公开(公告)号:US10454241B2
公开(公告)日:2019-10-22
申请号:US16106037
申请日:2018-08-21
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor: Tongbi T. Jiang , Weiping Li , Xiaofeng Fan
Abstract: An optoelectronic device includes a semiconductor substrate, having front and back sides and having at least one cavity extending from the back side through the semiconductor substrate into proximity with the front side. At least one optoelectronic emitter is formed on the front side of the semiconductor substrate in proximity with the at least one cavity. A heat-conducting material at least partially fills the at least one cavity and is configured to serve as a heat sink for the at least one optoelectronic emitter.
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公开(公告)号:US10438987B2
公开(公告)日:2019-10-08
申请号:US15713477
申请日:2017-09-22
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Shingo Mandai , Cristiano L. Niclass , Nobuhiro Karasawa , Xiaofeng Fan , Arnaud Laflaquiere , Gennadiy A. Agranov
IPC: H01L27/146 , H04N5/355 , H04N5/3745 , G01S7/486 , H04N5/357 , H04N5/376 , H04N5/378 , H01L31/107 , H04N5/369 , H01L31/02 , H01L31/0352
Abstract: A back-illuminated single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) image sensor includes a sensor wafer stacked vertically over a circuit wafer. The sensor wafer includes one or more SPAD regions, with each SPAD region including an anode gradient layer, a cathode region positioned adjacent to a front surface of the SPAD region, and an anode avalanche layer positioned over the cathode region. Each SPAD region is connected to a voltage supply and an output circuit in the circuit wafer through inter-wafer connectors. Deep trench isolation elements are used to provide electrical and optical isolation between SPAD regions.
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公开(公告)号:US10295145B2
公开(公告)日:2019-05-21
申请号:US16055104
申请日:2018-08-05
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor: Neil MacKinnon , Weiping Li , Xiaofeng Fan
Abstract: A radiation source includes a semiconductor substrate, an array of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) formed on the substrate, which are configured to emit optical radiation, and a transparent crystalline layer formed over the array of VCSELs. The transparent crystalline layer has an outer surface configured to diffuse the radiation emitted by the VCSELs.
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公开(公告)号:US10153614B1
公开(公告)日:2018-12-11
申请号:US15844662
申请日:2017-12-18
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor: Chin Han Lin , Weiping Li , Xiaofeng Fan
Abstract: An optoelectronic device includes a semiconductor substrate and an array of optoelectronic cells, formed on the semiconductor substrate. The cells include first epitaxial layers defining a lower distributed Bragg-reflector (DBR) stack; second epitaxial layers formed over the lower DBR stack, defining a quantum well structure; third epitaxial layers, formed over the quantum well structure, defining an upper DBR stack; and electrodes formed over the upper DBR stack, which are configurable to inject an excitation current into the quantum well structure of each optoelectronic cell. A first set of the optoelectronic cells are configured to emit laser radiation in response to the excitation current. In a second set of the optoelectronic cells, interleaved with the first set, at least one element of the optoelectronic cells, selected from among the epitaxial layers and the electrodes, is configured so that the optoelectronic cells in the second set do not emit the laser radiation.
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公开(公告)号:US10026771B1
公开(公告)日:2018-07-17
申请号:US14611917
申请日:2015-02-02
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Chiajen Lee , Xiaofeng Fan
IPC: H01L21/00 , H01L27/146
Abstract: One or more cross-wafer capacitors are formed in an electronic component, circuit, or device that includes stacked wafers. One example of such a device is a stacked image sensor. The image sensor can include two or more wafers, with two wafers that are bonded to each other each including a conductive segment adjacent to, proximate, or abutting a bonding surface of the respective wafer. The conductive segments are positioned relative to each other such that each conductive element forms a plate of a capacitor. A cross-wafer capacitor is formed when the two wafers are attached to each other.
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10.
公开(公告)号:US09966000B2
公开(公告)日:2018-05-08
申请号:US14864798
申请日:2015-09-24
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Xiaofeng Fan , Andreas Bibl , Kapil V. Sakariya , Tore Nauta
CPC classification number: G09G3/3208 , G09G3/20 , G09G2330/04 , H01L25/167 , H01L27/0248 , H01L2924/0002 , H02H9/046 , H01L2924/00
Abstract: A display system includes an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs), first and second driver chips, and one or more protection chips on a display substrate. The first and second driver chips are to drive a first group of LEDs of the array of LEDs and a second group of LEDs of the array of LEDs, respectively. Each protection chip includes one or more electro-static discharge (ESD) protection devices to assist with protecting the driver chips from damage caused by an ESD event. In one embodiment, each ESD protection device is connected between one or more signal lines, one or more power supply voltage lines, and an electrical ground line of the display substrate. In one embodiment, at least one protection chip comprises one or more electric overstress (EOS) protection devices to assist with protecting the driver chips from damage caused by an EOS event.
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