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公开(公告)号：US5859364A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-12
申请号：US656075
申请日：1996-05-31
申请人： Akitoshi Toda , Takeshi Konada
发明人： Akitoshi Toda , Takeshi Konada
CPC分类号： G01Q60/22 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y35/00 , G01B9/04 , Y10S977/87
摘要： A slide glass with a sample rested thereon is placed on an interior total reflection prism with a matching oil between them. A laser beam is applied through a prism to the sample, and evanescent light is generated on the sample surface. Above the sample, a probe supported at a free end of a cantilever is located, and an objective is provided above the probe. The objective has an angular aperture exceeding a vertical angle of the probe, where the angular aperture indicates an angle from a focal point of the objective to a diameter of entrance pupil. A scattering light detection lens barrel is provided above the objective, and cooperates with the objective to constitute a scattering light detection optical system. The optical system detects scattering light generated when the probe is introduced to the evanescent light.
摘要翻译： 放置在其上的样品的载玻片放置在内部全反射棱镜之间，其间具有匹配的油。 通过棱镜将激光束施加到样品，并且在样品表面上产生ev逝的光。 在样品上方，位于悬臂的自由端处的探针位于探针上方。 该物镜的角度孔径超过探头的垂直角度，其中角度孔径指示从物镜的焦点到入射光瞳直径的角度。 在物镜上方设有散射光检测镜筒，与物镜配合构成散射光检测光学系统。 光学系统检测当探针被引入渐逝光时产生的散射光。
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公开(公告)号：US5294790A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-15
申请号：US957404
申请日：1992-10-06
IPC分类号： G02B21/06 , G01B9/04 , G01N37/00 , G01Q60/20 , G01Q60/22 , G01Q70/14 , G02B6/36 , G02B21/00 , H01S5/18 , H01J3/14
CPC分类号： G01Q60/22 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y35/00 , G01B9/04 , G02B6/3624 , Y10S977/862
摘要： A hole is formed in a silicon substrate, passing through the substrate. An insulating film is formed on one face of the silicon substrate and one open end of the hole is thus closed by the insulating film. An antireflection film is attached to that area of the insulating film by which the one open end of the hole is closed. An optical fiber is fitted and fixed in the hole. An optically-transparent conical probe is formed on the area of the insulating film which corresponds to the hole in the silicon substrate and the probe is coated by a metal film while leaving a tip of the probe not coated. A fine aperture is thus formed at the tip of the probe to allow light to enter into the probe through the fine aperture. The metal film prevents light reflected from entering into the probe and light from being leaked from the probe, and it is connected to an electrode to use tunnel current to position the fine aperture near a sample.
摘要翻译： 在硅衬底中形成穿过衬底的孔。 绝缘膜形成在硅衬底的一个表面上，孔的一个开口端由绝缘膜封闭。 防反射膜附着在孔的一个开口端被封闭的绝缘膜的区域上。 光纤装配并固定在孔中。 在绝缘膜的与硅衬底中的孔对应的区域上形成光学透明的锥形探针，并且探针被金属膜涂覆，同时使探针的尖端未被涂覆。 因此，在探针的尖端处形成细孔，以允许光通过细孔进入探针。 金属膜防止反射进入探针的光，并且光从探针泄漏，并且其连接到电极以使用隧道电流来将细孔定位在样品附近。
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公开(公告)号：US5136162A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US730475
申请日：1991-07-16
IPC分类号： G01B7/34 , G01N37/00 , G01Q30/18 , G01Q60/10 , G01Q70/08 , G05D3/12 , H01J37/252 , H01J37/26 , H01J37/28 , H01L41/09
CPC分类号： G01Q60/16 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q10/04 , G01Q20/04 , Y10S977/86
摘要： A probe for scanning a sample is attached to a probe electrode supported by a cylindrical piezoelectric actuator. The actuator has four drive electrodes on its periphery, and deforms in the three axial directions in accordance with the voltage applied to the drive electrodes. A girdling electrode is provided between the actuator and the probe electrode. The girdling electrode is insulated from the probe electrode and the drive electrodes by insulator members provided on its upper and lower surfaces. A bias voltage signal S1 is input to an operational amplifier of which the output is connected to the girdling electrode. The amplifier is a voltage follower for equalizing the potential of the girdling electrode to that of the bias voltage signal S1. An operational amplifier has a non-inversion input to which the bias voltage signal S1 is input, and an inversion input connected to the probe electrode. While equalizing the potential of the probe electrode to that of the bias input voltage S1, the amplifier converts a tunnel current flowing between the probe and the sample to a voltage signal S2. An operational amplifier subtracts a bias voltage component from the voltage signal S2, and outputs a tunnel current signal S3.
摘要翻译： 用于扫描样品的探针连接到由圆柱形压电致动器支撑的探针电极。 致动器在其周围具有四个驱动电极，并且根据施加到驱动电极的电压在三个轴向方向上变形。 在致动器和探针电极之间提供环形电极。 环形电极通过设置在其上表面和下表面上的绝缘体与探针电极和驱动电极绝缘。 偏置电压信号S1输入到输出与环绕电极连接的运算放大器。 放大器是用于使环形电极的电位与偏置电压信号S1的电位相等的电压跟随器。 运算放大器具有输入偏置电压信号S1的非反相输入端和连接到探针电极的反相输入端。 在使探针电极的电位与偏置输入电压S1的电位相等的同时，放大器将在探头和样品之间流动的隧道电流转换为电压信号S2。 运算放大器从电压信号S2中减去偏置电压分量，并输出隧道电流信号S3。
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4.发明授权Endoscope using liquid crystal devices different in the response frequency in the image forming optical system 失效内窥镜使用的液晶显示装置在成像光学系统中响应频率不同
公开(公告)号：US5047847A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-10
申请号：US396159
申请日：1989-08-21
申请人： Akitoshi Toda , Hisanari Shimazu , Akira Takano , Hirofumi Miyanaga , Susumu Takahashi , Yoshinao Ohaki , Yoshisada Aoki
发明人： Akitoshi Toda , Hisanari Shimazu , Akira Takano , Hirofumi Miyanaga , Susumu Takahashi , Yoshinao Ohaki , Yoshisada Aoki
IPC分类号： G02F1/13 , A61B1/00 , A61B1/05 , G02B23/26 , G02F1/133 , G02F1/29 , G09F9/00 , H04N5/225 , H04N5/238 , H04N9/73
CPC分类号： A61B1/05 , G02F1/29 , H04N5/2254 , H04N5/238 , H04N9/735 , H04N2005/2255
摘要： At least a part of an image forming optical system is formed of a liquid crystal assembly consisting of a plurality of liquid crystals having a refractive index anisotropy and having different response frequencies of molecule orientation so that the transmittivity and refractive index of the plurality of liquid crystals may be independently controlled with few signal lines by varying the frequency of the driving signal applied to the liquid crystal assembly.
摘要翻译： 图像形成光学系统的至少一部分由具有折射率各向异性并且分子取向的响应频率不同的多个液晶组成的液晶组件形成，使得多个液晶的透射率和折射率 可以通过改变施加到液晶组件的驱动信号的频率而通过几条信号线独立地控制。
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公开(公告)号：US4781440A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-01
申请号：US931427
申请日：1986-11-17
申请人： Akitoshi Toda
发明人： Akitoshi Toda
摘要： A stereoscopic optical instrument employing liquid crystal lenses such as a pair of spectacles and stereoscopic optical devices has a construction in which left and right liquid crystal lenses are incorporated thereinto such that liquid crystal molecular directors within the lenses are in mirror symmetry with respect to a plane of symmetry which passes through the middle point of the center line connecting the centers of both the lenses and whose normal is the center line.
摘要翻译： 使用诸如一副眼镜和立体光学装置的液晶透镜的立体光学仪器具有左右液晶透镜并入其中的结构，使得透镜内的液晶分子导向器相对于平面成反射镜对称 通过连接两个透镜的中心并且法线为中心线的中心线的中间点。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4537846A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-27
申请号：US543285
申请日：1983-10-19
申请人： Yoshiyuki Mimura , Takao Okada , Akitoshi Toda
发明人： Yoshiyuki Mimura , Takao Okada , Akitoshi Toda
CPC分类号： G03G5/0433 , G03G5/102 , G03G5/14
摘要： In an electrophotographic photosensitive device including a conductive layer, a selenium based photoconductive layer and a transparent insulating layer which are sequentially laminated, the conductive layer is formed of an aluminum substrate conductive layer, a zinc conductive layer a copper conductive layer, and silver conductive layer which are sequentially laminated to each other. As a result of this structure, the charge injection characteristic of the photosensitive device during primary charging is improved, and the charge injection preventing characteristic during the simultaneous secondary charging and image exposure steps is sufficiently maintained. The conductive layers contact each other intimately. The electrophotographic photosensitive device is highly humidity durable and exhibits a long life and can obtain high electrostatic contrast.
摘要翻译： 在依次层叠有导电层，硒系光电导层和透明绝缘层的电子照相感光体中，导电层由铝基板导电层，锌导电层，铜导电层，银导电层 它们相互层叠。 作为这种结构的结果，提高了一次充电期间光敏器件的电荷注入特性，并且充分保持了同步二次充电和图像曝光步骤期间的电荷注入防止特性。 导电层紧密接触。 电子照相感光装置高度耐湿，寿命长，可以获得高静电对比度。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4492745A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-08
申请号：US546953
申请日：1983-10-31
申请人： Yoshiyuki Mimura , Takao Okada , Akitoshi Toda
发明人： Yoshiyuki Mimura , Takao Okada , Akitoshi Toda
摘要： A photosensitive member for electrophotography basically comprises a conductive support, on the surface of which a photoconductive layer and a transparent insulating layer are sequentially laminated. The photosensitive member is adapted to be used in a process for forming an electrostatic latent image including sequential steps of a primary corona charging concurrent with imagewise exposure, a secondary corona charging and a flush irradiation. The surface of the conductive support is treated to a mirror finish, based on experimental finding that the contrast voltage of the latent image depends on the degree of surface roughness of the support.
摘要翻译： 用于电子照相的感光构件基本上包括导电支撑体，其表面上依次层叠有光电导层和透明绝缘层。 感光构件适于用于形成静电潜像的方法，包括与成像曝光，二次电晕充电和冲洗照射同时进行的主电晕充电的顺序步骤。 基于实验发现潜像的对比电压取决于载体表面粗糙度的程度，将导电载体的表面处理成镜面光洁度。
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公开(公告)号：US06694805B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-24
申请号：US10122205
申请日：2002-04-16
申请人： Koichi Shiotani , Masashi Kitazawa , Kenji Sato , Akitoshi Toda
发明人： Koichi Shiotani , Masashi Kitazawa , Kenji Sato , Akitoshi Toda
IPC分类号： G01B528
摘要： A cantilever for Scanning Probe Microscopy including: a support portion; a lever portion extended from the support portion; and a probe portion provided at an free end of the lever portion, said probe portion being configured by two triangular thin plates each having one side respectively being one of the different two sides of a V-like notch formed on the free end of the lever, where the thin plates are caused to face each other while having the other side in common. The cantilever for Scanning Probe Microscopy is thereby achieved as having a probe portion which is light in weight and high in rigidity and is readily positioned in alignment and by which measurement at high resolution is steadily possible
摘要翻译： 扫描探针显微镜的悬臂包括：支撑部分; 从所述支撑部延伸的杆部; 以及探针部，设置在所述杆部的自由端，所述探针部由两个三角形薄板构成，所述两个三角形薄板分别具有形成在所述杆的自由端上的V形切口的不同两侧之一 ，其中使薄板彼此面对，同时使另一侧相同。 因此，扫描探针显微镜的悬臂具有重量轻且刚性高的探针部分，并且容易定位成对准，并且可以稳定地以高分辨率进行测量
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公开(公告)号：US5386720A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US197352
申请日：1994-02-16
CPC分类号： G01Q20/04 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q60/38 , Y10S977/873
摘要： An integrated AFM sensor includes a cantilever which has two beams extending from a support portion. The beams are integrated with each other at their ends to form a triangular free end, and a probe having a sharp distal end is arranged at the free end. The cantilever is formed by stacking a passivation layer, a piezoresistive layer, and a silicon layer. Electrodes electrically connected to the piezoresistive layer are formed at the fixed end of the cantilever through contact holes.
摘要翻译： 集成AFM传感器包括悬臂，其具有从支撑部分延伸的两个梁。 梁在其端部彼此一体地形成三角形自由端，并且在自由端设置具有尖锐远端的探针。 悬臂通过堆叠钝化层，压阻层和硅层形成。 电连接到压阻层的电极通过接触孔形成在悬臂的固定端。
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10.发明授权Cantilever for a scanning probe microscope and a method of manufacturing the same 失效用于扫描探针显微镜的悬臂及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5272913A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-28
申请号：US724146
申请日：1991-07-01
申请人： Akitoshi Toda , Kaoru Tadokoro , Yasuji Nagata , Etsuo Shinohara , Yoshimitsu Enomoto , Michio Takayama , Ryo Ohta
发明人： Akitoshi Toda , Kaoru Tadokoro , Yasuji Nagata , Etsuo Shinohara , Yoshimitsu Enomoto , Michio Takayama , Ryo Ohta
IPC分类号： G01B21/30 , B81C1/00 , G01B5/28 , G01N27/00 , G01N37/00 , G01Q60/16 , G01Q70/10 , G01Q70/16 , H01J37/28 , H01L21/302
CPC分类号： G01Q70/16 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q70/02 , G01Q70/10 , Y10S977/878 , Y10S977/879
摘要： A cantilever for a scanning probe microscope comprises a lever section and a probe section disposed near the free end thereof. The probe section includes a conical distal end portion having a narrow point angle and a bulging proximal end portion continuous with the distal end portion. The cantilever is manufactured by utilizing a semiconductor process.
摘要翻译： 用于扫描探针显微镜的悬臂包括设置在其自由端附近的杆部和探针部。 探头部分包括具有窄点角度的锥形远端部分和与远端部分连续的凸出近端部分。 通过利用半导体工艺制造悬臂。
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