公开(公告)号：US5659224A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-19

申请号：US484444

申请日：1995-06-07

申请人： Nalin Kumar ,  Chenggang Xie

发明人： Nalin Kumar ,  Chenggang Xie

IPC分类号： H01J1/304 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J31/12 ,  H01J61/067 ,  H01J63/00 ,  H01J63/06 ,  H01J1/30

CPC分类号： H01J63/06 ,  H01J1/304 ,  H01J1/3042 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J61/0677 ,  H01J63/00 ,  H01J9/027 ,  H01J2201/304 ,  H01J2201/30426 ,  H01J2201/30457 ,  H01J2329/00 ,  H01J2329/8625 ,  Y10T428/292

摘要： A display device for use in conjunction with a computer system includes a cathode having a layer of conductive material and a layer of low-effective work function material deposited over the conductive material wherein the low-effective work function material has an emission surface comprising a plurality of distributed localized electron emission sites. The emission sites may have electrical properties which are discontinuous from each other. The emission surface may be relatively flat.

摘要翻译： 与计算机系统一起使用的显示装置包括具有导电材料层的阴极和沉积在导电材料上的低效功函数材料层，其中低效功函数材料具有包含多个 的分布式局部电子发射位点。 发射部位可以具有彼此不连续的电特性。 发射表面可以相对平坦。

公开(公告)号：US5628659A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-13

申请号：US427464

申请日：1995-04-24

申请人： Chenggang Xie ,  Nalin Kumar ,  Howard K. Schmidt

发明人： Chenggang Xie ,  Nalin Kumar ,  Howard K. Schmidt

IPC分类号： H01J9/02 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J9/42

CPC分类号： H01J9/025 ,  H01J2201/30426 ,  H01J2201/30457 ,  H01J2201/319

摘要： A system and method is available for fabricating a field emitter device, where in an emitter material, such as copper, is deposited over a resistive layer which has been deposited upon a substrate. Two ion beam sources are utilized. The first ion beam source is directed at a target material, such as molybdenum, for sputtering molybdenum onto the emitter material. The second ion beam source is utilized to etch the emitter material to produce cones or micro-tips. A low work function material, such as amorphous diamond, is then deposited over the micro-tips.

摘要翻译： 一种系统和方法可用于制造场致发射器件，其中发射极材料（例如铜）沉积在已沉积在衬底上的电阻层上。 使用两个离子束源。 第一离子束源指向诸如钼的靶材料，用于将钼溅射到发射极材料上。 第二离子束源用于蚀刻发射体材料以产生锥体或微尖端。 然后将诸如无定形金刚石的低功函数材料沉积在微尖端上。

公开(公告)号：US5543684A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-06

申请号：US343262

申请日：1994-06-20

申请人： Nalin Kumar ,  Chenggang Xie

发明人： Nalin Kumar ,  Chenggang Xie

IPC分类号： G09G3/22 ,  H01J1/304 ,  H01J1/316 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J29/08 ,  H01J31/12 ,  H01J61/067 ,  H01J63/06 ,  H01J1/30

CPC分类号： H01J1/316 ,  G09G3/22 ,  H01J1/304 ,  H01J1/3042 ,  H01J29/085 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J61/0677 ,  H01J63/06 ,  H01J9/027 ,  H01J2201/304 ,  H01J2201/30426 ,  H01J2201/30457 ,  H01J2201/319 ,  H01J2329/8625 ,  H01J2329/864 ,  Y10S977/891

摘要： A field emission cathode is provided which includes a substrate and a conductive layer disposed adjacent the substrate. An electrically resistive pillar is disposed adjacent the conductive layer, the resistive pillar having a substantially flat surface spaced from and substantially parallel to the substrate. A layer of diamond is disposed adjacent the surface of the resistive pillar.

摘要翻译： 提供场发射阴极，其包括衬底和邻近衬底设置的导电层。 电阻柱设置在导电层附近，电阻柱具有与衬底间隔开并基本上平行于衬底的基本平坦的表面。 金刚石层邻近电阻柱的表面设置。

公开(公告)号：US5341063A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-23

申请号：US981958

申请日：1992-11-24

申请人： Nalin Kumar

发明人： Nalin Kumar

IPC分类号： H01J1/304 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J1/02 ,  H01J1/14

CPC分类号： H01J1/3042 ,  H01J9/025 ,  H01J2201/30403 ,  H01J2201/30457

摘要： A field emitter comprising a conductive metal and a diamond emission tip with negative electron affinity in ohmic contact with and protruding above the metal. The field emitter is fabricated by coating a substrate with an insulating diamond film having negative electron affinity and a top surface with spikes and valleys, depositing a conductive metal on the diamond film, and applying an etch to expose the spikes without exposing the valleys, thereby forming diamond emission tips which protrude a height above the conductive metal less than the mean free path of electrons in the diamond film.

摘要翻译： 一种场致发射器，包括导电金属和具有负电子亲和力的金刚石发射尖端，与金属欧姆接触并在其上突出。 通过用具有负电子亲和性的绝缘金刚石膜和具有尖峰和谷的顶表面涂覆衬底，在金刚石膜上沉积导电金属以及施加蚀刻以暴露尖峰而不暴露谷来制造场致发射体，从而 形成金刚石发射尖端，其突出在导电金属之上的高度小于金刚石膜中电子的平均自由程。

公开(公告)号：US5244538A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-14

申请号：US736357

申请日：1991-07-26

申请人： Nalin Kumar

发明人： Nalin Kumar

IPC分类号： H01L21/48 ,  H05K3/00 ,  H05K3/04 ,  H05K3/10 ,  H05K3/14 ,  H05K3/18 ,  H05K3/38 ,  H05K3/46

CPC分类号： H01L21/4857 ,  H05K3/045 ,  H05K3/184 ,  H05K3/465 ,  H01J2201/30457 ,  H05K2201/0154 ,  H05K2201/0166 ,  H05K2201/0376 ,  H05K2201/2081 ,  H05K2203/0554 ,  H05K2203/107 ,  H05K2203/121 ,  H05K2203/1338 ,  H05K3/0023 ,  H05K3/0041 ,  H05K3/107 ,  H05K3/143 ,  H05K3/146 ,  H05K3/185 ,  H05K3/388 ,  H05K3/4661

摘要： A method of patterning metal on a substrate without photolithography. The steps include providing a dielectric substrate, forming a metal mask in a predetermined pattern on the substrate without using a mask by direct-write deposition using a particle beam such as a liquid metal cluster force to form the mask, dry etching the substrate to form a plurality of channels therein, depositing a conductive metal into the channels, and removing the mask. The top of the substrate can then be planarized by polishing, or alternatively the dielectric between the metal lines can be etched. The invention is well suited for fabricating copper/polyimide substrates.

摘要翻译： 在没有光刻的基板上图案化金属的方法。 所述步骤包括提供电介质基板，在基板上以预定图案形成金属掩模，而不用使用诸如液体金属簇力的粒子束的直接写入沉积来形成掩模，干燥蚀刻基板以形成 多个通道，将导电金属沉积到通道中，以及去除掩模。 然后可以通过抛光将衬底的顶部平坦化，或者可以蚀刻金属线之间的电介质。 本发明非常适用于制造铜/聚酰亚胺基片。

公开(公告)号：US5199918A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-06

申请号：US789237

申请日：1991-11-07

申请人： Nalin Kumar

发明人： Nalin Kumar

IPC分类号： H01J1/304 ,  H01J9/02

CPC分类号： H01J1/3042 ,  H01J9/025 ,  H01J2201/30403 ,  H01J2201/30457

摘要： A field emitter device comprising a conductive metal and a diamond emission tip with negative electron affinity in ohmic contact with and protruding above the metal. The device is fabricated by coating a substrate with an insulating diamond film having negative electron affinity and a top surface with spikes and valleys, depositing a conductive metal on the diamond film, and applying an etch to expose the spikes without exposing the valleys, thereby forming diamond emission tips which protrude a height above the conductive metal less than the mean free path of electrons in the diamond film.

摘要翻译： 一种场致发射器件，包括导电金属和具有负电子亲和力的金刚石发射尖端，与金属欧姆接触并突出在金属上方。 该器件通过用具有负电子亲和性的绝缘金刚石膜和具有尖峰和谷的顶表面的衬底涂覆衬底，在金刚石膜上沉积导电金属，以及施加蚀刻以暴露尖峰而不暴露谷，从而形成 金刚石发射尖端突出高于导电金属的高度小于金刚石膜中电子的平均自由程。

公开(公告)号：US20120233265A1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-13

申请号：US13043469

申请日：2011-03-09

申请人： George Joy ,  Nalin Kumar ,  Ravikant Cherukuri

发明人： George Joy ,  Nalin Kumar ,  Ravikant Cherukuri

IPC分类号： G06F15/16

CPC分类号： H04L65/105 ,  G06Q50/01 ,  H04L61/30 ,  H04L67/28 ,  H04L67/306

摘要： The claimed subject matter provides a system and/or method for establishing proxy communications between users on a social network. An exemplary method includes creating an alias on a primary social network when a user logs in to the primary social network, wherein the alias comprises the user's identity on a secondary social network. The method further includes creating a cache comprising a map relating a second user's identity on the primary social network to the second user's identity on a secondary social network, wherein the creation of the map is based, at least in part, on the user and the second user being identified as friends in the secondary social network. Communications from the user to the second user are directed through the primary social network based, at least in part, on the map. The communications are formatted to appear as if they were sent from the user's account on the secondary social network.

摘要翻译： 所要求保护的主题提供用于在社交网络上的用户之间建立代理通信的系统和/或方法。 示例性方法包括当用户登录到主要社交网络时在主社交网络上创建别名，其中所述别名包括次要社交网络上的用户身份。 该方法还包括创建一个高速缓存，其包括将主社交网络上的第二用户身份与次社会网络上的第二用户身份相关联的地图，其中，该映射的创建至少部分地基于用户和 在第二社交网络中将第二用户识别为朋友。 至少部分地，在地图上，从用户到第二用户的通信被引导通过主要社交网络。 通信格式被格式化，就像从次社会网络上的用户帐户发送一样。

公开(公告)号：US06885023B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-26

申请号：US10333972

申请日：2001-07-27

申请人： Andrew James Shields ,  Nalin Kumar Patel

发明人： Andrew James Shields ,  Nalin Kumar Patel

IPC分类号： G11C13/04 ,  H01L27/146 ,  H01L29/06 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/10 ,  H01L31/101 ,  H01L31/103

CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L31/03046 ,  H01L31/035236 ,  H01L31/101 ,  H01L31/1035 ,  Y02E10/544

摘要： An optical device such as a radiation detector or an optically activated memory includes a barrier region located between two active regions. One or more quantum dots are provided such that a change in the charging state of the quantum dot or dots affects the flow of current through the barrier region. The charging states of the quantum dot is changed by an optical device.

摘要翻译： 诸如辐射检测器或光学激活存储器的光学装置包括位于两个有效区域之间的屏障区域。 提供一个或多个量子点使得量子点或点的充电状态的变化影响通过阻挡区域的电流的流动。 量子点的充电状态由光学器件改变。

公开(公告)号：US20050017173A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

申请号：US10891224

申请日：2004-07-14

申请人： Nalin Kumar

发明人： Nalin Kumar

IPC分类号： G01N23/22 ,  G01N23/00

CPC分类号： G01N23/22

摘要： This invention describes a novel method for nanoscale detection, imaging, manipulation and characterization of living cells and biological molecules comprising the steps of: providing an array of one or more nanoelectrodes fabricated on a chip, where the nanoelectrodes extend from one side of the chip to the other; placing living cells and biological molecules on the nanoelectrodes on one side of the chip; applying a focused electron beam in a predetermined manner on one or more nanoelectrodes on the other side of the chip; determining the electrical voltage on each nanoelectrode by measuring the emitted electron current from each nanoelectrode.

摘要翻译： 本发明描述了用于生物细胞和生物分子的纳米尺度检测，成像，操作和表征的新方法，包括以下步骤：提供在芯片上制造的一个或多个纳米电极的阵列，其中纳米电极从芯片的一侧延伸到 另一个; 将活细胞和生物分子置于芯片一侧的纳米电极上; 以预定方式将聚焦电子束施加在芯片另一侧的一个或多个纳米电极上; 通过测量每个纳米电极发射的电子电流来确定每个纳米电极上的电压。

公开(公告)号：US06720024B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-13

申请号：US10305452

申请日：2002-11-27

申请人： Eugene Samuel Poliniak ,  Hoi Cheong Steve Sun ,  Nitin Vithalbhai Desai ,  Nalin Kumar ,  William Ronald Roach ,  Lawrence Harrison Hammer ,  Peter David Southgate ,  Bawa Singh ,  Howard Christopher Rivenburg ,  Peter Zanzucchi ,  David Keller ,  Dominic Stephen Rosati

发明人： Eugene Samuel Poliniak ,  Hoi Cheong Steve Sun ,  Nitin Vithalbhai Desai ,  Nalin Kumar ,  William Ronald Roach ,  Lawrence Harrison Hammer ,  Peter David Southgate ,  Bawa Singh ,  Howard Christopher Rivenburg ,  Peter Zanzucchi ,  David Keller ,  Dominic Stephen Rosati

IPC分类号： B05D104

CPC分类号： A61J3/00 ,  A61J1/035 ,  A61K9/70 ,  B05B5/08 ,  B65B1/04 ,  B65B1/30 ,  B65B11/50

摘要： Provided is, among other things, a dry deposition apparatus for depositing grains on a substrate comprising: an electrostatic chuck having one or more collection zones, wherein the substrate is layered on the chuck for processing; a charged grain delivery apparatus for directing charged grains for electrostatic deposition on the substrate at the locations of the collection zones; and an optical detection device for quantifying the amount of grains deposited.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于在基板上沉积晶粒的干式沉积装置，包括：具有一个或多个收集区的静电卡盘，其中基板层叠在卡盘上用于加工;带电粒子输送装置，用于将带电粒子引导 在收集区的位置处的基板上的静电沉积; 和用于量化沉积的颗粒量的光学检测装置。