摘要:
A control circuit (20) for controlling electrostatic discharge in an electric component includes a heater (28) that is thermally coupled to the component. A sensor (30) is used for sensing a sensed condition. A controller is coupled to the heater and the sensor. The controller (24) heats the component in response to the sensed condition. The sensor (30) may include an electron flux level near the component or a surface potential of the component itself.
摘要:
Reactive atom plasma processing can be used to shape, polish, planarize and clean the surfaces of difficult materials with minimal subsurface damage. The apparatus and methods use a plasma torch, such as a conventional ICP torch. The workpiece and plasma torch are moved with respect to each other, whether by translating and/or rotating the workpiece, the plasma, or both. The plasma discharge from the torch can be used to shape, planarize, polish, and/or clean the surface of the workpiece, as well as to thin the workpiece. The processing may cause minimal or no damage to the workpiece underneath the surface, and may involve removing material from the surface of the workpiece.
摘要:
A warmed display fixture includes a housing enclosing a tree step display compartment and having an opening providing access thereunto. A three step panel divides the display compartment into an upper air well above the three step panel and a lower air well below the three step panel. The three step panel has ceramic tile on both horizontal and vertical risers. An air recirculation passageway in the housing has an inlet in the upper air well of the display compartment and an outlet in the lower air well. Heaters mounted under the horizontal steps and in air passageway provide heat. Fans circulate the warmed air through the air passage ways and into the upper air well of the display compartment.
摘要:
A heated liner that is worn under an upper torso garment. The liner includes an upper torso-covering garment that underlies the upper torso garment, heating wires, storage batteries that are in electrical communication with, and power, the heating wires, solar cells that are in electrical communication with, and recharge, the storage batteries, and a thermostat that is in electrical communication with, and regulates the heat generated by, the heating wires. The heating wires form a continuous serpentine pattern throughout the upper torso-covering garment. The storage batteries include chest and back batteries that are disposed on the upper torso-covering garment. The solar cells include chest and back solar cells that extend from uppermost portions of the upper torso-covering garment, by lengths of solar cell wire that allows the solar cells to pass freely through openings in the upper torso garment and be replaceably attached thereto by hook and loop fasteners. The thermostat extends from the upper torso-covering garment, by lengths of thermostat wire that allows the thermostat to pass freely through an opening in the upper torso garment and be replaceably attached thereto by hook and loop fasteners.
摘要:
In a process for melting down sponge metal (11) in an electric-arc furnace (1) having at least one electrode (6), the sponge metal (11) is introduced into the electric-arc furnace (1) under formation of at least one sponge metal jet (15) which in the immediate vicinity of an electrode (6) hits the bath level (16) present in the electric-arc furnace (1), and for decarburization and/or intermixing the bath and/or charging energy oxygen is blown into the melt (7). For a CO post-combustion, in addition to the oxygen introduced for decarburization and/or intermixing the bath and/or charging energy into the melt at least one jet (14) of oxygen or one jet (14) of an oxygen-containing gas is blown into the electric-arc furnace (1) at a low rate, which jet hits the bath level (16) in the region of the point of incidence of the sponge metal jet (15), which preferably is conveyed into the electric-arc furnace (1) by gravitation alone, and/or immediately adjacent to the point of incidence of the sponge metal jet (15) and which jet in the region or vicinity of that point of incidence, on the side facing the electrode(s) (6) of the electric-arc furnace (1), is shielded by the sponge metal jet (15) relative to the electrode(s) (6) in the form of a protective shield.
摘要:
A method of operating an induction furnace so as to receive electric arc furnace (EAF) dust, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) sludge/dust and/or other iron and volatile metals containing materials as a feed stream on a batch, continuous or semi-continuous basis together with a iron-containing material feed, and therefrom produce an iron-containing hot metal or pig iron product while recovering iron value from the feed materials and recovering volatile metal components contained in the feed materials.
摘要:
The movement and mixing of microdroplets through microchannels is described employing silicon-based microscale devices, comprising microdroplet transport channels, reaction regions, electrophoresis modules, and radiation detectors. The discrete droplets are differentially heated and propelled through etched channels. Electronic components are fabricated on the same substrate material, allowing sensors and controlling circuitry to be incorporated in the same device.
摘要:
A process and apparatus assuring low costs and high efficiency in practicing refuse incineration. A applying electromagnetic wave of a frequency band resonant with rotation or vibration of a specific substance e.g., dioxins molecule, thereby to heat the dioxins molecule selectively up to high temperature to remove the dioxins molecule by decomposition.
摘要:
Apparatus and methods for applying heated sealants, such as molten polymeric material, to surfaces such as for filling cracks in pavement surfaces. Aspects of the invention include block cutting assembly, heated dispensing hose, and crack filling applicator head. By way of example, the block cutting assembly comprises a ram device for driving sealant blocks against a heated cutting member which severs the blocks to speed liquefaction within the heated sealant chamber. An associated enclosure incorporates a loading door preferably configured for operation in response to the position of the ram device. The heated dispensing hose may comprise a heating element running through the interior of the hose to heat sealants as they pass through the hose. The crack filling applicator head comprises a dispensing tube upon which a sealing chamber is coupled for retaining a quantity of liquid sealant proximal to the pavement surface being filled.
摘要:
A method for enhancing temporary solder ball connection comprises the application of thermal energy to the solder balls, heating them to a submelting nullsofteningnull temperature, whereby the compression force required to connect all balls in a BGA is achieved at much reduced force, avoiding damage to the package, insert, substrate and support apparatus. Several forms of heating apparatus, and temperature measuring apparatus are disclosed.