公开(公告)号：US20200091942A1

公开(公告)日：2020-03-19

申请号：US16286521

申请日：2019-02-26

Applicant: Toshiba Memory Corporation

Inventor： Koji HORISAKI

IPC: H03M13/47 ,  G11C16/26 ,  G11C16/34 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G06F11/07

Abstract: A memory system includes a nonvolatile memory and a memory controller, which determines a read voltage for first data encoded by a first encoding scheme from the nonvolatile memory, by generating a first histogram indicating the number of memory cells for each threshold voltage, and estimating the read voltage using: (a) the first histogram that is corrected based on a first parameter, which is a parameter of the first encoding scheme and a second parameter, which is a parameter of a second encoding scheme, and an estimation function for estimating a read voltage for second data encoded by the second encoding scheme, (b) the uncorrected first histogram, and the estimation function that is corrected based on the first and second parameters, or (c) the first histogram after partial correction based on the first and second parameters, and the estimation function after partial correction based on the first and second parameters.

公开(公告)号：US10581732B2

公开(公告)日：2020-03-03

申请号：US16259435

申请日：2019-01-28

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Nagendra Kumar Nainar ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Faisal Iqbal

IPC: H04L1/00 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/911 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/701 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H03M13/47 ,  H04L12/733 ,  H04W12/10

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes generating a trace request at an initiator node configured for segment routing, the trace request comprising an FEC (Forwarding Equivalence Class) query corresponding to a label in an FEC stack with an unknown FEC, transmitting the trace request on a path with the unknown FEC, and receiving a response to the trace request, the response comprising FEC information including an identifier associated with a label and a forwarding path and representing a class or category of packets. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.

公开(公告)号：US20190052402A1

公开(公告)日：2019-02-14

申请号：US16162283

申请日：2018-10-16

Applicant: Aviat U.S., Inc.

Inventor： Sergio Licardie ,  Rishipal Arya ,  Robert Brown

IPC: H04L1/00 ,  H03M13/47 ,  H04B7/08 ,  H03M13/37 ,  H04L1/02 ,  H04B7/10

Abstract: A frame error correction circuit may identify and correct errors in data frames provided to a receiver as part of a diversity communications scheme. The frame error correction circuit may further align the data frames so that the data frames can be compared. The frame error correction circuit may perform a bit-wise comparison of the data frames and identify inconsistent bit positions where bits in the data frames differ from one another. Once inconsistent bit positions have been identified, the frame error correction circuit may access a permutation table of permutations of bits at the inconsistent bit positions. In some implementations, the frame error correction circuit uses the permutation table to reassemble permutations of the data frames. In various implementations, the frame error correction circuit performs a CRC of each permutation of the data frames, and provides a valid permutation to a network.

公开(公告)号：US20170155410A1

公开(公告)日：2017-06-01

申请号：US14953422

申请日：2015-11-30

Applicant: Metal Industries Research & Development Centre

Inventor： Chih-Ming Chang ,  Kuang-Shine Yang ,  Ho-Chung Fu ,  Ying-Cherng Lu

IPC: H03M13/47 ,  G06F17/13

CPC classification number: H03M13/47 ,  G06F17/13 ,  H03M13/1585

Abstract: An error correcting method is provided, which includes the following steps. An error value is obtained. The error value is substituted into an error correcting function, so that the error correcting function causes the error value to converge to 0 in a finite time. The error correcting function conforms to a non-Lipschitzian characteristic. An embodiment of the disclosure solves the problem in traditional system stability analysis through a differential equation, adjusts parameters to detei nine a convergence time, and ensures that a convergence target fully conforms to an expected value and that a unique solution of the error value is 0.

公开(公告)号：US09391741B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-12

申请号：US13505330

申请日：2009-11-13

Applicant: Ivonete Markman ,  Richard W. Citta

Inventor： Ivonete Markman ,  Richard W. Citta

IPC: H04N7/26 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H03M13/47 ,  H03M13/00 ,  H04L27/02 ,  H04L27/26 ,  H03M13/29

CPC classification number: H04L1/0075 ,  H03M13/296 ,  H03M13/47 ,  H03M13/6306 ,  H04L27/02 ,  H04L27/2613

Abstract: A joint preamble and code rate identifier flag in a reserved portion of a data field synchronization segment in a digital television (DTV) data field identifies the presence of preamble training data in a forward error correction (FEC) encoded portion of the DTV data field. The identifier flag also indicates the code rate used for the data field. The data field synchronization segment is not FEC encoded, thereby allowing detection of the identifier flag without FEC decoding. The detection at a receiver of the identifier flag in a DTV data field allows receiver elements, such as an equalizer and a FEC decoder, to more readily obtain and utilize the preamble training data, thereby enhancing reception and/or simplifying receiver design.

Abstract translation: 在数字电视（DTV）数据字段中的数据字段同步段的保留部分中的联合前导码和码率标识符标识在DTV数据字段的前向纠错（FEC）编码部分中标识前导码训练数据的存在。 标识符标志还指示用于数据字段的码率。 数据字段同步段不进行FEC编码，从而允许检测标识符标志而不进行FEC解码。 在DTV数据字段中的标识符标志的接收机处的检测允许诸如均衡器和FEC解码器的接收器元件更容易地获得和利用前导码训练数据，从而增强接收和/或简化接收机设计。

公开(公告)号：USRE41932E1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-16

申请号：US11978691

申请日：2007-10-30

Applicant: Jae Min Kim

Inventor： Jae Min Kim

IPC: G06T5/00 ,  H03M13/47 ,  G06K9/40 ,  H04N1/409

CPC classification number: G06T5/002 ,  G06T5/20 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/86

Abstract: A method and apparatus to remove a block effect and a ring effect appearing in a compression-coded image is disclosed. The present invention is especially applicable to an image compression-coded at a low bit rate. In particular, the present invention includes a variety of masks for the removal of the block/ring effect. Thus, one mask is select for a pixel to be filtered. Moreover, candidate pixels to be averaged with the pixel to be filtered is selected from the pixels of the selected mask to better maintain the details of the image, and a weight is applied to improve the calculation speed of the averaging operation. More particularly, the masks according to the present invention have longer tabs toward adjacent blocks at boundaries of the given block to remove the block and ring effect. A decoding apparatus including a filtering unit configured to filter an image by selecting a filter mask extending either horizontally or vertically.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种去除压缩编码图像中出现的块效应和环效应的方法和装置。 本发明特别适用于以低比特率压缩编码的图像。 特别地，本发明包括用于去除块/环效应的各种掩模。 因此，为要滤波的像素选择一个掩模。 此外，从所选掩模的像素中选择要与要滤波的像素平均的候选像素，以更好地维护图像的细节，并且施加权重以提高平均操作的计算速度。 更具体地，根据本发明的掩模在给定块的边界处具有朝向相邻块的较长突片以去除块和环效应。 一种解码装置，包括：滤波单元，被配置为通过选择水平或垂直延伸的滤波器掩模来对图像进行滤波。

公开(公告)号：USRE41910E1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-02

申请号：US11785085

申请日：2007-04-13

Applicant: Jae Min Kim

Inventor： Jae Min Kim

IPC: G06T5/00 ,  H03M13/47 ,  G06K9/40 ,  H04N1/409

CPC classification number: G06T5/002 ,  G06T5/20 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/86

Abstract: A method and apparatus to remove a block effect and a ring effect appearing in a compression-coded image is disclosed. The present invention is especially applicable to an image compression-coded at a low bit rate. In particular, the present invention includes a variety of masks for the removal of the block/ring effect. Thus, one mask is select for a pixel to be filtered. Moreover, candidate pixels to be averaged with the pixel to be filtered is selected from the pixels of the selected mask to better maintain the details of the image, and a weight is applied to improve the calculation speed of the averaging operation. More particularly, the masks according to the present invention have longer tabs toward adjacent blocks at boundaries of the given block to remove the block and ring effect. In the method, a value of a pixel of an image is determined according to a filtering methodology. The filtering methodology includes selecting a filtering mask including eight pixels based on a position of the pixel of the image, and applying a weighted averaging operation to a number of the eight pixels included in the filtering mask.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种去除压缩编码图像中出现的块效应和环效应的方法和装置。 本发明特别适用于以低比特率压缩编码的图像。 特别地，本发明包括用于去除块/环效应的各种掩模。 因此，为要滤波的像素选择一个掩模。 此外，从所选掩模的像素中选择要与要滤波的像素平均的候选像素，以更好地维护图像的细节，并且施加权重以提高平均操作的计算速度。 更具体地，根据本发明的掩模在给定块的边界处具有朝向相邻块的较长突片以去除块和环效应。 在该方法中，根据滤波方法确定图像的像素的值。 滤波方法包括基于图像的像素的位置选择包括八个像素的滤波掩模，以及对包括在滤波掩模中的八个像素的数量应用加权平均运算。

公开(公告)号：USRE41446E1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-20

申请号：US11978699

申请日：2007-10-30

Applicant: Jae Min Kim

Inventor： Jae Min Kim

IPC: G06T5/00 ,  H03M13/47 ,  G06K9/40 ,  H04N1/409

CPC classification number: G06T5/002 ,  G06T5/20 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/86

Abstract: A method and apparatus to remove a block effect and a ring effect appearing in a compression-coded image is disclosed. The present invention is especially applicable to an image compression-coded at a low bit rate. In particular, the present invention includes a variety of masks for the removal of the block/ring effect. Thus, one mask is select for a pixel to be filtered. Moreover, candidate pixels to be averaged with the pixel to be filtered is selected from the pixels of the selected mask to better maintain the details of the image, and a weight is applied to improve the calculation speed of the averaging operation. More particularly, the masks according to the present invention have longer tabs toward adjacent blocks at boundaries of the given block to remove the block and ring effect. In an embodiment, the filtering unit is configured to select a filtering mask based on a position of a pixel to be filtered. The filtering mask includes the pixel to be filtered and at least one candidate pixel. The filtering unit is configured to filter the pixel to be filtered by applying a weighted averaging operation to the pixel to be filtered and the at least one candidate pixel. The weighted averaging operation includes applying weight to at least one of the pixel to be filtered and the at least one candidate pixel in producing a weighted sum value, and performing a shift operation on the weighted sum value to divide by a desired value.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种去除压缩编码图像中出现的块效应和环效应的方法和装置。 本发明特别适用于以低比特率压缩编码的图像。 特别地，本发明包括用于去除块/环效应的各种掩模。 因此，为要滤波的像素选择一个掩模。 此外，从所选掩模的像素中选择要与要滤波的像素平均的候选像素，以更好地维护图像的细节，并且施加权重以提高平均操作的计算速度。 更具体地，根据本发明的掩模在给定块的边界处具有朝向相邻块的较长突片以去除块和环效应。 在一个实施例中，滤波单元被配置为基于要滤波的像素的位置来选择滤波掩模。 滤波掩模包括要滤波的像素和至少一个候选像素。 滤波单元被配置为通过对要滤波的像素和至少一个候选像素应用加权平均运算来对要滤波的像素进行滤波。 加权平均操作包括在产生加权和值时对要滤波的像素和至少一个候选像素中的至少一个应用权重，并且对加权和值执行移位操作以除以期望值。

公开(公告)号：USRE41405E1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-29

申请号：US11978694

申请日：2007-10-30

Applicant: Jae Min Kim

Inventor： Jae Min Kim

IPC: G06T5/00 ,  H03M13/47 ,  G06K9/40 ,  H04N1/409

CPC classification number: G06T5/002 ,  G06T5/20 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/86

Abstract: A method and apparatus to remove a block effect and a ring effect appearing in a compression-coded image is disclosed. The present invention is especially applicable to an image compression-coded at a low bit rate. In particular, the present invention includes a variety of masks for the removal of the block/ring effect. Thus, one mask is select for a pixel to be filtered. Moreover, candidate pixels to be averaged with the pixel to be filtered is selected from the pixels of the selected mask to better maintain the details of the image, and a weight is applied to improve the calculation speed of the averaging operation. More particularly, the masks according to the present invention have longer tabs toward adjacent blocks at boundaries of the given block to remove the block and ring effect. In an embodiment, the filtering unit is configured to select at least four pixels of successive pixels according to a position of a pixel to be filtered. The four pixels include the pixel to be filtered. At least one of the four pixels may be in a first block, and three of the four pixels may be in a second block adjacent to the first block. The pixel to be filtered is in the second block.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种去除压缩编码图像中出现的块效应和环效应的方法和装置。 本发明特别适用于以低比特率压缩编码的图像。 特别地，本发明包括用于去除块/环效应的各种掩模。 因此，为要滤波的像素选择一个掩模。 此外，从所选掩模的像素中选择要与要滤波的像素平均的候选像素，以更好地维护图像的细节，并且施加权重以提高平均操作的计算速度。 更具体地，根据本发明的掩模在给定块的边界处具有朝向相邻块的较长突片以去除块和环效应。 在一个实施例中，滤波单元被配置为根据要滤波的像素的位置选择连续像素的至少四个像素。 四个像素包括要滤波的像素。 四个像素中的至少一个可以在第一块中，并且四个像素中的三个可以在与第一块相邻的第二块中。 要滤波的像素在第二个块中。

公开(公告)号：USRE41386E1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-22

申请号：US11785083

申请日：2007-04-13

Applicant: Jae Min Kim

Inventor： Jae Min Kim

IPC: G06T5/00 ,  H03M13/47 ,  G06K9/40 ,  H04N1/409

CPC classification number: G06T5/002 ,  G06T5/20 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/86

Abstract: A method and apparatus to remove a block effect and a ring effect appearing in a compression-coded image is disclosed. The present invention is especially applicable to an image compression-coded at a low bit rate. In particular, the present invention includes a variety of masks for the removal of the block/ring effect. Thus, one mask is select for a pixel to be filtered. Moreover, candidate pixels to be averaged with the pixel to be filtered is selected from the pixels of the selected mask to better maintain the details of the image, and a weight is applied to improve the calculation speed of the averaging operation. More particularly, the masks according to the present invention have longer tabs toward adjacent blocks at boundaries of the given block to remove the block and ring effect. In the method, a filtering mask is selected based on a position of a pixel to be filtered. The filtering mask includes the pixel to be filtered and at least one candidate pixel. The pixel to be filtered is filtered by applying a weighted averaging operation to the pixel to be filtered and the at least one candidate pixel. The weighted averaging operation includes applying weight to at least one of the pixel to be filtered and the at least one candidate pixel in producing a weighted sum value, and performing a shift operation on the weighted sum value to divide by a desired value.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种去除压缩编码图像中出现的块效应和环效应的方法和装置。 本发明特别适用于以低比特率压缩编码的图像。 特别地，本发明包括用于去除块/环效应的各种掩模。 因此，为要滤波的像素选择一个掩模。 此外，从所选掩模的像素中选择要与要滤波的像素平均的候选像素，以更好地维护图像的细节，并且施加权重以提高平均操作的计算速度。 更具体地，根据本发明的掩模在给定块的边界处具有朝向相邻块的较长突片以去除块和环效应。 在该方法中，基于要滤波的像素的位置来选择滤波掩模。 滤波掩模包括要滤波的像素和至少一个候选像素。 通过对要滤波的像素和至少一个候选像素应用加权平均运算来对要滤波的像素进行滤波。 加权平均操作包括在产生加权和值时对要滤波的像素和至少一个候选像素中的至少一个应用权重，并且对加权和值执行移位操作以除以期望值。