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    Low nitrogen oxides emissions using three stages of fuel oxidation and in-situ furnace flue gas recirculation
    1.
    发明授权
    Low nitrogen oxides emissions using three stages of fuel oxidation and in-situ furnace flue gas recirculation 有权
    低氮氧化物排放采​​用三个阶段的燃料氧化和原位炉烟气再循环

    公开(公告)号：US06325002B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-12-04

    申请号：US09590408

    申请日：2000-06-08

    Applicant: Robert A. Ashworth

    Inventor： Robert A. Ashworth

    IPC: F23J1100

    CPC classification number: F23C6/04 ,  F23C1/02 ,  F23C5/32 ,  F23C6/045 ,  F23C7/006 ,  F23C9/006 ,  F23C2201/10 ,  F23C2201/20 ,  F23C2900/99004 ,  F23G5/008 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23K2201/501 ,  F23K2201/505 ,  F23L7/002 ,  F23L9/04 ,  F23L15/00 ,  Y02E20/348

    Abstract: A method for reducing NOx emissions from the combustion of carbonaceous fuels using three stages of oxidation and second stage in-situ furnace flue gas recirculation. In the first stage, a partial oxidation combustor is used to partially combust the fuel in the presence of preheated combustion air. The fuel gas produced in the partial oxidation process is passed to a second stage partial oxidation combustor while molten slag is removed and disposed of. Preheated combustion air also is introduced into the second stage of combustion to produce a slightly reducing flue gas and is injected into the furnace in such a way as to create the desired in-situ furnace flue gas recirculation. In the upper part of the furnace a third combustion air is mixed with the flue gas in a third stage of combustion to substantially complete the combustion process. Preheated steam may be added to the first or second stages of combustion. The stoichiometric ratios at each stage of combustion are controlled to minimize overall NOx emissions to acceptable levels. Further, an existing excess air cyclone-fired boiler furnace may be modified to operate in a three-stage combustion mode. This is accomplished by adding a preheated air system that includes two added air injection points into the furnace, with air introduction at a cyclone barrel re-entrant throat that is located at the interface between the cyclone barrel and the furnace, followed by overfire air introduction into the upper part of the furnace.

    Abstract translation: 使用三个阶段的氧化和第二阶段原位炉烟道气再循环来减少燃烧碳质燃料的NOx排放的方法。 在第一阶段，使用部分氧化燃烧器在预热的燃烧空气的存在下部分地燃烧燃料。 在部分氧化过程中产生的燃料气体被移动到第二级部分氧化燃烧器，同时除去和处理熔渣。 预热的燃烧空气也被引入到第二阶段的燃烧中以产生稍微降低的烟气，并且以这样的方式注入炉中，以便产生所需的原位炉烟道气再循环。 在炉的上部，第三燃烧空气在第三燃烧阶段与废气混合，以基本完成燃烧过程。 可以将预热蒸汽加入第一或第二燃烧阶段。 控制每个燃烧阶段的化学计量比以将总体NOx排放量最小化到可接受的水平。 此外，现有的过量的空气旋风式燃烧锅炉炉可以被修改为在三级燃烧模式下操作。 这是通过添加一个预热的空气系统，其中包括两个添加的空气注入点到炉中，空气引入在位于旋风筒和炉之间的界面处的旋风筒桶入口喉部，然后是过度空气引入 进入炉的上部。

    Variable stoichiometric combustion
    2.
    发明授权
    Variable stoichiometric combustion 失效
    可变化学计量燃烧

    公开(公告)号：US06409499B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-06-25

    申请号：US09379409

    申请日：1999-08-24

    Applicant: Christian J. Feldermann

    Inventor： Christian J. Feldermann

    IPC: F23M302

    CPC classification number: F23C6/02 ,  F23C2201/10 ,  F23C2201/30 ,  F23L2900/07005 ,  Y02E20/344

    Abstract: A method of combustion and an apparatus therefor in which separate streams of very lean and very rich fuel/oxidant mixture are combusted separately, the products of combustion therefrom being thoroughly mixed before final combustion takes place. The lean/rich primary combustion minimizes combustion temperatures and pollutant formation, whilst the final combustion is substantially stoichiometric.

    Abstract translation: 一种燃烧方法及其设备，其中分离的非常贫的和非常丰富的燃料/氧化剂混合物的单独的流分别燃烧，在最终燃烧发生之前，其燃烧产物被充分混合。 贫/丰富的初级燃烧使燃烧温度和污染物形成最小化，而最终燃烧基本上是化学计量的。

    Low nitrogen oxides emissions from carbonaceous fuel combustion using three stages of oxidation
    3.
    发明授权
    Low nitrogen oxides emissions from carbonaceous fuel combustion using three stages of oxidation 有权
    通过三个阶段的氧化，碳氮燃料的低氮氧化物排放

    公开(公告)号：US6085674A

    公开(公告)日：2000-07-11

    申请号：US243501

    申请日：1999-02-03

    Applicant: Robert A. Ashworth

    Inventor： Robert A. Ashworth

    IPC: F23C1/02 ,  F23C5/32 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C7/00 ,  F23C9/00 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23L7/00 ,  F23L9/02 ,  F23L9/04 ,  F23B5/00

    CPC classification number: F23B90/06 ,  F23C1/02 ,  F23C5/32 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C6/045 ,  F23C7/006 ,  F23C9/006 ,  F23G5/008 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23L7/002 ,  F23L9/04 ,  F23C2201/10 ,  F23C2201/20 ,  F23C2900/99004 ,  F23K2201/501 ,  F23K2201/505 ,  Y02E20/348

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing NO.sub.x emissions from the combustion of carbonaceous fuels using three stages of oxidation. In the first stage, a partial oxidation combustor is used to partially combust the fuel in the presence of heated combustion air. The fuel gas produced in the partial oxidation process is passed to a second stage partial oxidation combustor while molten slag is removed and disposed of. A second preheated combustion air is introduced into the second stage combustor to produce a reducing flue gas. A third combustion air is mixed with the flue gas in a third stage combustor to substantially complete the combustion process. Preheated steam may be added at any or all of the combustion stages. The stochiometric ratios at each stage of combustion are controlled to minimize overall NO.sub.x emissions to acceptable levels. An excess air cyclone-fired furnace modified to operate in a three-stage combustor mode by adding a preheated air system, with air introduction into the furnace at the cyclone barrel re-entrant throat location followed by overfire air introduction in the upper part of the furnace can be utilized to provide the three stages of combustion.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于通过三个阶段的氧化来减少碳质燃料的燃烧中的NOx排放的方法和装置。 在第一阶段，使用部分氧化燃烧器在存在加热的燃烧空气的情况下部分地燃烧燃料。 在部分氧化过程中产生的燃料气体被移动到第二级部分氧化燃烧器，同时除去和处理熔渣。 将第二预热的燃烧空气引入第二级燃烧器中以产生还原烟道气。 在第三级燃烧器中将第三燃烧空气与烟道气混合以基本上完​​成燃烧过程。 可以在任何或所有燃烧阶段加入预热蒸汽。 控制每个燃烧阶段的化学计量比以将总体NOx排放量最小化到可接受的水平。 通过添加预热的空气系统改造成以三级燃烧器模式运行的多余的空气旋风火炉，在空气引入到旋风筒中的炉中进入喉部位置，随后在上部的空气中引入过度空气 炉子可以用来提供三个阶段的燃烧。

    Combustion chamber with two-stage combustion
    4.
    发明授权
    Combustion chamber with two-stage combustion 失效
    二级燃烧燃烧室

    公开(公告)号：US5687571A

    公开(公告)日：1997-11-18

    申请号：US596770

    申请日：1996-02-05

    Applicant: Rolf Althaus ,  Jakob J. Keller

    Inventor： Rolf Althaus ,  Jakob J. Keller

    IPC: F23C5/00 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C7/00 ,  F23R3/30 ,  F23R3/34

    CPC classification number: F23C6/047 ,  F23C5/00 ,  F23C7/002 ,  F23C2201/10 ,  F23C2900/07002

    Abstract: A combustion chamber with two-stage combustion has primary burners (110) of the premixing type of construction, in which the fuel injected via nozzles (117) is intensively mixed with the combustion air inside a premixing space (130) prior to ignition. The primary burners are of flame-stabilizing design, i.e. they are designed without a mechanical flame retention baffle. They are provided with tangential inflow of the combustion air into the premixing space (130). Arranged downstream of a precombustion chamber (61) are secondary burners (150) which are designed as premixing burners which do not operate by themselves.

    Abstract translation: 具有两级燃烧的燃烧室具有预混合型结构的主燃烧器（110），其中通过喷嘴（117）喷射的燃料在点燃之前与预混合空间（130）内的燃烧空气强烈混合。 主燃烧器具有火焰稳定设计，即它们被设计成没有机械阻燃挡板。 它们被提供有燃烧空气的切向流入到预混合空间（130）中。 在预燃室（61）的下游布置的二次燃烧器（150）被设计成不能自己操作的预混燃烧器。

    Boiler
    7.
    发明授权
    Boiler 失效
    锅炉

    公开(公告)号：US5890457A

    公开(公告)日：1999-04-06

    申请号：US585454

    申请日：1996-01-16

    Applicant: Ryoichi Tanaka ,  Mamoru Matsuo ,  Yosuke Kataoka ,  Hitoshi Yahara

    Inventor： Ryoichi Tanaka ,  Mamoru Matsuo ,  Yosuke Kataoka ,  Hitoshi Yahara

    IPC: F22B31/00 ,  F22G5/02 ,  F23L15/02 ,  F22B23/06

    CPC classification number: F22G5/02 ,  F22B31/00 ,  F23L15/02 ,  F23C2201/10 ,  Y02E20/348

    Abstract: A boiler is provided with a radiation heat transfer section in its combustion chamber, which has therein, at least one regenerative-heating burner system including a pair of burners each with a regenerative bed. The burners receive combustion air and exhaust combustion gas which passes through the regenerative beds. Combustion is alternately effected in one of the burners and combustion gas is passed into the other burner, and exhausted through the corresponding regenerative bed of this other burner. Surplus thermal energy which is not completely consumed in the radiation heat transfer section is recovered in the regenerative bed. Combustion air than passes through the heated regenerative bed to heat the air. The boiler temperature is kept flat across the boiler. That is, the temperature is kept almost constant across the combustion chamber. This is done by maintaining a high rate of forced supply of more than 60 m/s for the combustion air. Also, the combustion air is heated to above the ignition point of the fuel, that is, about 800.degree. C. These two factors increases thermal efficiency while reducing NO.sub.x emissions.

    Abstract translation: 锅炉在其燃烧室中设置有辐射传热部分，其中具有至少一个再生加热燃烧器系统，其包括具有再生床的一对燃烧器。 燃烧器接收通过再生床的燃烧空气和废气燃烧气体。 在其中一个燃烧器中交替地进行燃烧，并且燃烧气体进入另一个燃烧器，并且通过该另一个燃烧器的相应的再生床排出。 在再生床中回收在辐射热传递部中未完全消耗的剩余热能。 燃烧空气比通过加热再生床加热空气。 锅炉温度在锅炉上保持平坦。 也就是说，燃烧室内的温度几乎保持恒定。 这是通过为燃烧空气维持高达60m / s的高强度供应来实现的。 此外，燃烧空气被加热到高于燃料的点火点，即约800℃。这两个因素在降低NOx排放的同时提高了热效率。

    Mobile heating device operated with liquid fuel
    9.
    发明授权
    Mobile heating device operated with liquid fuel 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09759448B2

    公开(公告)日：2017-09-12

    申请号：US14379970

    申请日：2013-02-22

    Applicant: WEBASTO SE

    Inventor： Vitali Dell ,  Volodymyr Ilchenko

    IPC: F24H3/00 ,  F23L9/02 ,  F23C7/00 ,  F23C9/00 ,  F23D3/40 ,  F23D11/24 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23D5/18 ,  F23M3/12 ,  F24H9/18

    CPC classification number: F24H3/006 ,  F23C7/004 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23C9/006 ,  F23C2201/10 ,  F23D3/40 ,  F23D5/18 ,  F23D11/24 ,  F23D2900/21002 ,  F23L9/02 ,  F23M3/12 ,  F24H9/1881

    Abstract: A mobile heating device operated with liquid fuel is provided, having: a combustion chamber (2) comprising a combustion air inlet (3), wherein the combustion chamber adjacent to the combustion air inlet (3) comprises a widening portion (20) the cross-section of which widens with increasing distance from the combustion air inlet (3) and in which in operation combustion air and fuel are converted in a flaming combustion; a fuel supply which is arranged such that fuel is supplied into the widening portion (20); and an air guide device (6) being adapted to feed combustion air into the widening portion (20) with a flow component directed in the circumferential direction such that an axial recirculation region (RB) forms in the widening portion (20) in which gases flow in the direction towards the combustion air inlet (3) oppositely to a main flow direction (H). The combustion chamber (2) is fluidically sectioned into a primary combustion zone (PZ) and a secondary combustion zone (SZ). The primary combustion zone (PZ) comprises the widening portion (20) and the recirculation region (RB). The secondary combustion zone (SZ) is provided with a secondary combustion air inlet (23) in such a manner that a higher air-fuel ratio λ than in the primary combustion zone (PZ) forms in the secondary combustion zone (SZ).

    MOBILE HEATING DEVICE OPERATED WITH LIQUID FUEL
    10.
    发明申请
    MOBILE HEATING DEVICE OPERATED WITH LIQUID FUEL 有权
    手动加热装置与液体燃料一起操作

    公开(公告)号：US20150040885A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-02-12

    申请号：US14379970

    申请日：2013-02-22

    Applicant: WEBASTO SE

    Inventor： Vitali Dell ,  Volodymyr Ilchenko

    IPC: F24H3/00 ,  F24H9/18 ,  F23M3/12 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23D5/18

    CPC classification number: F24H3/006 ,  F23C7/004 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23C9/006 ,  F23C2201/10 ,  F23D3/40 ,  F23D5/18 ,  F23D11/24 ,  F23D2900/21002 ,  F23L9/02 ,  F23M3/12 ,  F24H9/1881

    Abstract: A mobile heating device operated with liquid fuel is provided, having: a combustion chamber (2) comprising a combustion air inlet (3), wherein the combustion chamber adjacent to the combustion air inlet (3) comprises a widening portion (20) the cross-section of which widens with increasing distance from the combustion air inlet (3) and in which in operation combustion air and fuel are converted in a flaming combustion; a fuel supply which is arranged such that fuel is supplied into the widening portion (20); and an air guide device (6) being adapted to feed combustion air into the widening portion (20) with a flow component directed in the circumferential direction such that an axial recirculation region (RB) forms in the widening portion (20) in which gases flow in the direction towards the combustion air inlet (3) oppositely to a main flow direction (H). The combustion chamber (2) is fluidically sectioned into a primary combustion zone (PZ) and a secondary combustion zone (SZ). The primary combustion zone (PZ) comprises the widening portion (20) and the recirculation region (RB). The secondary combustion zone (SZ) is provided with a secondary combustion air inlet (23) in such a manner that a higher air-fuel ratio λ than in the primary combustion zone (PZ) forms in the secondary combustion zone (SZ).

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种用液体燃料操作的移动加热装置，其具有：包括燃烧空气入口（3）的燃烧室（2），其中与燃烧空气入口（3）相邻的燃烧室包括加宽部分（20） 随着与燃烧空气入口（3）的距离增加，其中的燃烧空气和燃料在燃烧燃烧中转化; 燃料供给，其被配置为使得燃料供给到所述加宽部（20）中; 以及空气引导装置（6），其适于将燃烧空气以沿圆周方向指向的流动分量输送到所述加宽部分（20）中，使得在所述加宽部分（20）中形成轴向再循环区域（RB），在所述加宽部分 沿着与主流动方向（H）相反的朝向燃烧空气入口（3）的方向流动。 燃烧室（2）被流体地分段成初级燃烧区（PZ）和二次燃烧区（SZ）。 主燃烧区（PZ）包括加宽部分（20）和再循环区域（RB）。 二次燃烧区域（SZ）设置有二次燃烧空气入口（23），使得在二次燃烧区域（SZ）中形成比在一次燃烧区域（PZ）中更高的空燃比λ。

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