Device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
    5.
    发明授权
    Device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine 失效
    用于净化内燃机废气的装置

    公开(公告)号:US6058698A

    公开(公告)日:2000-05-09

    申请号:US51448

    申请日:1998-06-04

    摘要: The device presents an ionization cell (14, 114) housed inside a casing (13, 113) fitted inside the exhaust conduit (6, 106) of the engine (5, 105); and the cell (14, 114) presents at least one circularly symmetrical cathode (23, 64) supplied by an electronic circuit to generate a discharge of negative ions at such a speed as to break the peripheral electron bonds of the toxic or pollutant component molecules of the exhaust gas. In an embodiment for spark-ignition combustion engines (5), the casing (13) presents two coaxial fittings (21, 22), each surrounded by a metal sponge filter (33) for storing the heat of the gas. In a further embodiment for diesel engines (105), the casing (113) presents an inverting chamber (47) for inverting the gas flow and located upstream from the ionization cell (114); and the gas is heated in the inverting chamber (47) by resistors (61) supplied by the battery. In a variation of the device, a further fitting is provided for feeding part of the purified, ionized exhaust gas back to the intake conduit of the engine to improve engine efficiency during cold-starting and when accelerating sharply.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / IT96 / 00190 Sec。 371日期:1998年6月4日 102(e)1998年6月4日PCT PCT 1996年10月11日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 13963 日期1997年04月17日该装置呈现一个电离单元(14,114),该离子化电池容纳在装在发动机(5,105)的排气导管(6,106)内的壳体(13,113)内。 并且电池(14,114)呈现由电子电路提供的至少一个圆形对称阴极(23,64),以产生负离子的放电速度,以破坏有毒或污染成分分子的周边电子键 的废气。 在火花点火内燃机(5)的实施例中,壳体(13)具有两个同轴配件(21,22),每个同轴配件被金属海绵过滤器(33)围绕,用于储存气体的热量。 在柴油发动机(105)的另一实施例中,壳体(113)具有用于反转气流并位于离子化电池(114)上游的反转室(47)。 并且通过由电池提供的电阻(61)在反相室(47)中加热气体。 在装置的变型中,提供另一配件,用于将部分净化的离子化废气送回发动机的进气管道,以提高冷起动期间和急剧加速时的发动机效率。

    Constituents of engine exhaust
    8.
    发明授权
    Constituents of engine exhaust 失效
    发动机排气成分

    公开(公告)号:US5618500A

    公开(公告)日:1997-04-08

    申请号:US517345

    申请日:1995-08-21

    申请人: Chi-Shang Wang

    发明人: Chi-Shang Wang

    摘要: A reactor that can be attached to the exhaust manifold of a diesel or gasoline engine, or other internal combustion engines such as a jet engine or a gas turbine to oxidize and burn carbon soot particles, carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbons, and to dissociate nitrogen and sulfur oxides. The reactor has a reaction zone that contains porous heat-retaining foam cells and that is bounded by a porous heat-retaining zone, which in turn is surrounded by ceramic insulation materials to minimize energy losses. Engine exhaust at elevated temperatures and containing some oxygen (air) enters the reaction chamber. By means of impinging heat transfer, thermal radiation enhancement, energy trapping and combustion of engine emissions, temperatures sufficient to oxidize carbon soot particles, carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbons are attained. Harmless product of the oxidation reactions, H.sub.2 O and CO.sub.2 are released from the reactor.

    摘要翻译: 可以连接到柴油或汽油发动机的排气歧管或诸如喷气发动机或燃气轮机的其它内燃机以将氧化和燃烧碳烟粒子,一氧化碳和未燃碳氢化合物并将氮离解的反应器 和硫氧化物。 该反应器具有含有多孔保温泡沫电池的反应区,该反应区由多孔保温区界定,多孔保温区又由陶瓷绝缘材料包围,以最小化能量损失。 发动机在高温下排气并含有一些氧气(空气)进入反应室。 通过冲击热传递,热辐射增强,能量捕获和发动机排放的燃烧,达到足以氧化碳烟粒子,一氧化碳和未燃碳氢化合物的温度。 氧化反应的无害产物,H2O和CO2从反应器中释放出来。

    Process for treating an engine exhaust stream employing a catalyst, an
adsorbent bed and a turbocharger
    9.
    发明授权
    Process for treating an engine exhaust stream employing a catalyst, an adsorbent bed and a turbocharger 失效
    使用催化剂,吸附床和涡轮增压器处理发动机废气流的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5142864A

    公开(公告)日:1992-09-01

    申请号:US767590

    申请日:1991-09-30

    申请人: Stephen Dunne

    发明人: Stephen Dunne

    摘要: This invention relates to a process for minimizing hydrocarbon emissions from the exhaust streams of engines when the engines are first started, i.e., cold start. The process involves sequentially flowing the engine exhaust stream, which typically contains hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide pollutants over a catalyst, the turbine side of a turbocharger and an adsorbent bed before discharging it into the atmosphere. The initial low temperature of the exhaust stream necessitates the use of the adsorbent bed. When the adsorbent bed (containing one or more molecular sieve beds) warms up (about 150.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C.), the majority of the exhaust stream is diverted around the adsorbent bed, while a minor portion is used to desorb the hydrocarbons adsorbed on the adsorbent bed and flowing these hydrocarbons through the compressor side of the turbocharger and then into the engine exhaust stream in front of the catalyst. When all the hydrocarbons are desorbed, the adsorbent bed is completely bypassed. The turbocharger lowers the temperature of the exhaust stream allowing hydrocarbons to be adsorbed for a longer period of time. The molecular sieves used in the invention are those that: 1) have a framework Si:Al ratio of at least 2.4; 2) are hydrothermally stable and 3) have a hydrocarbon selectivity greater than 1.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及当发动机首先起动时,即冷启动时最小化来自发动机排气流的碳氢化合物排放的方法。 该方法包括在将催化剂,涡轮增压器的涡轮机侧和吸附剂床排放到大气中之前,顺序地流动发动机废气流,其通常包含烃,一氧化碳和氮氧化物污染物。 排气流的初始低温需要使用吸附剂床。 当吸附床(含有一个或多个分子筛床)加热(约150℃至约200℃)时,大部分排气流围绕吸附剂床转向,而较小部分用于解吸 吸附在吸附剂床上的烃并将这些烃流经涡轮增压器的压缩机侧,然后进入催化剂前面的发动机排气流中。 当所有的烃被解吸时,吸附剂床被完全绕过。 涡轮增压器降低排气流的温度,使得烃更长时间的吸附。 本发明中使用的分子筛是:1)具有至少2.4的骨架Si:Al比; 2)水热稳定,3)烃选择性大于1。