摘要:
A system for producing superior quality synthesis gas (“syngas”) consisting of a series of chambers in which the gasification stages of reaction, homogenization and activation occur. The first stage reaction stage agitates and combines the reactants, consisting primarily of organic matter, oxidizer and steam, to initiate gasification of the organic and volatile fraction and to transport the inorganic residue to continuous removal. In the homogenization chamber, turbulence is induced by injecting gaseous species. The gas mixture emerging from the homogenization chamber is accelerated via a third stage communicating duct and is introduced tangentially into the fourth stage activation chamber inducing a cyclonic motion wherein a high intensity radiant heat source is introduced along the central axis of the gas vortex. The syngas and remaining particulate materials are constrained to exit the activation stage through discrete portals which are oriented to further separate the syngas from the remaining entrained particulates.
摘要:
In one aspect, a gasification system for use with low rank fuel is provided The system includes a pyrolysis unit positioned to receive a feed of low rank fuel, the pyrolysis unit being configured to pyrolyze the low rank fuel to produce pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon. The system also includes a gasifier configured to produce a syngas stream using the received fixed carbon, a cooler configured to receive and cool the syngas stream, and a first conduit coupled between the cooler and the pyrolysis unit. The first conduit is configured to recycle at least a portion of the syngas stream to the pyrolysis unit such that the recycled syngas stream is mixed with the pyrolysis gas to produce a hydrocarbon-rich syngas stream containing gasification by-products. The system also includes a by-product recovery system coupled to the pyrolysis unit for removing the gasification by-products from the hydrocarbon- rich syngas stream.
摘要:
A gasification reactor (1) and a process for the production of syngas by gasification of a carbonaceous feed. The reactor comprises a gasifier unit with a discharge channel (4) for discharging a stream of slag-loaded hot syngas and a quencher (5) for supplying a flow of quench gas into the discharge channel (4). At least one blaster (10) is arranged comprising at least one blast nozzle (12), such as a blast lance, in line with the flow direction of the quench gas. The blaster (10) can be connected to a source of pressurized gas, such as syngas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, steam or the like. The blaster can be actuated periodically to blast away slag deposits.
摘要:
Energy-efficient gasification-based multi-generation apparatus, facilities, or systems, and methods of modifying existing gasification-based multi-generation apparatus and the various conventional thermal coupling arrangements, are provided. An exemplary gasification-based multi-generation apparatus comprises an acid gas removal system configured to remove acidic contaminants from a raw syngas feed to thereby provide a treated syngas feed and an acid gas removal plant or facility; a gasification system configured to generate the raw syngas feed from a carbon-based feedstock and comprising a gasification plant or facility; and a condensate polishing plant or facility. The acid gas removal system comprises an acid gas contaminant absorber, a solvent regenerator, a contaminant hydrolysis reactor, and an acid gas removal system energy management system. The acid gas removal system energy management system comprises a sixth acid gas removal system process-to-process heat exchanger unit positioned to receive at least a portion of a polished cold condensate stream from the condensate polishing plant or facility to provide heat energy to the at least a portion of the polished cold condensate stream. The gasification system comprises a gasification reactor and a gasification system energy management system. The acid gas removal plant or facility is integrated with the condensate polishing plant or facility through the at least a portion of the polished cold condensate stream received by the sixth acid gas removal system process-to-process heat exchanger unit.
摘要:
A catalyst includes an olivine substrate on which an iron compound layer is deposited, produced by impregnating the olivine substrate with a solution including an iron salt, and then heat-treating. The catalyst is useful for steam-reforming tar, in particular in gaseous media from the steam gasification of biomass. Further, the catalyst can be used alone for catalyzing the steam gasification of organic compounds from biomass while limiting the amount of tar produced in the synthesized gases.
摘要:
An entrained flow gasifier designed as a component for an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle plant of optimized efficiency is provided. The raw gas initially flows through a waste heat unit designed as a radiation cooler and subsequently flows through a full water quench. This results in a higher ratio of steam in the raw gas, which decreases the medium-pressure steam supply before the water-gas shift and thus improves efficiency in IGCC plants with CO2 separation.
摘要:
A dry feed two stage gasification system and process is disclosed for gasifying feedstock such as carbonaceous materials with improved energy efficiency, along with reductions in feedstock consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The feedstock is first dried and pretreated with the hot syngas in the upper section of the gasifier to generate a dry char that is low in volatile-matter content. This dry char is sent to the first stage of a two stage gasifier where it reacts with oxygen in the presence of steam to produce a hot syngas stream.
摘要:
Method of combining industrial processes having inherent carbon capture and conversion capabilities offering maximum flexibility, efficiency, and economics while enabling environmentally and sustainably sound practices. Maximum chemical energy is retained throughout feedstock processing. A hybrid thermochemical cycle couples staged reforming with hydrogen production and chlorination. Hydrogen generated is used to upgrade feedstocks including bitumen, shale, coal, and biomass. Residues of upgrading are chlorinated, metals of interest are removed, and the remainder is reacted with ammonia solution and carbon dioxide to form carbonate minerals. The combination provides emissions free production of synthetic crude oil and derivatives, as well as various metals and fertilizers. Sand and carbonate minerals are potentially the only waste streams. Through this novel processing, major carbon dioxide reduction is afforded byminimizing direct oxidation. Supplemental heat to run the reactions is obtained through external means such as concentrated solar, geothermal, or nuclear.
摘要:
A method for generation of power and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products by producing synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, producing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the synthesis gas, and generating power from a second portion of the synthesis gas, from at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or from both. The method may also comprise conditioning at least a portion of the synthesis gas and/or upgrading at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.
摘要:
A gasification quench chamber dip tube component is disclosed. The dip tube includes an elongate hollow element that has a first intake end and a second discharge end that is located distally opposite the intake end. The second discharge end includes either a plurality of elongate openings that are displaced circumferentially around the hollow element or a plurality of elongate elements displaced circumferentially around the hollow element thereby defining a plurality of elongate spaces therebetween that extend axially from the second discharge end. A quench chamber that employs the dip tube is also disclosed.