Abstract:
In a rubber crawler, lags are generally are formed on the outer surface of an endless belt-like elastomer, and rubber projections for transmission of driving force and prevention of the rubber crawler from coming of off from a wheel are formed on the inner surface of the elastomer at regular pitches. Rein forcing cord layers are embedded in the elastomer along its longitudinal direction. An abrasion resistant member is embedded in the rubber projection along the width direction of the rubber crawler. Its both end portions are exposed at the sides of the rubber projection. The abrasion-resistant member has a central portion having a small diameter and a pair of end portions connected to the ends of the central portion and having a large diameter. In the exposed portion of the end portion which is exposed at the side surface of the rubber projection, its most interior portion in the radial direction is positioned above the base portion of the rubber projection. The rubber crawler of the invention includes thicker portions formed to extend from the width end of the elastomer over the end of the reinforcing cord layer.
Abstract:
A memory device using giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect, and an inexpensive memory device that has low power consumption, excels in memory performance, and is suitable for use in computer peripherals.The memory device utilizes giant magnetoresistance effect and includes a substrate with an insulating surface; a monocrystalline semiconductor layer formed on the insulating surface of the substrate, a switching element formed at least on part of the monocrystalline semiconductor layer, a magnetoresistive film formed on the insulating surface of the substrate, the magnetoresistive film comprising a first magnetic layer and a second magnetic layer which has a higher coercive force than the first magnetic layer and which is stacked on the first magnetic layer with a non-magnetic layer interposed between them, and a word line installed near the magnetoresistive film with an insulating layer interposed between them, and the switching element is connected electrically to either the magnetoresistive film or word line.
Abstract:
Binary recording is carried out with an optical recording medium having at least a recording layer, and an auxiliary layer which is in an antiferromagnetic phase at room temperature and which exhibits temperature hysteresis such that it changes upon elevation of temperature from the antiferromagnetic phase to a ferromagnetic phase at a temperature T1 higher than the room temperature but lower than the Curie temperature of the recording layer. Upon a drop in temperature from that state, it changes from the ferromagnetic phase into the antiferromagnetic phase at a temperature lower than T1 but higher than room temperature.
Abstract:
A magneto-optical recording medium and an information recording method using the medium in which over-write is performed by magnetic field modulation. The magneto-optical recording medium includes a second magnetic layer (initializing layer) consisting of a magnetic layer, which is magnetized in advance in one direction, has a high Curie temperature, does not lose magnetization in a recording/erasing mode, and has a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and a first magnetic layer (recording layer) having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and exchange-coupled to the second magnetic layer. The data transfer speed in an over-write operation is remarkably increased when recording is performed by turning on/off an external magnetic field in accordance with information while radiating a lazer beam using the magnetooptical recording medium.
Abstract:
In a control apparatus for a vehicle that changes over a range of an automatic transmission by operating an electric shift actuator and that starts up an engine by operating a starter motor, for example, when an occupant of a vehicle that has carried out idling stop operates a shift lever, the operation of the shift actuator corresponding thereto is started, and the operation of the starter motor is started after the lapse of a predetermined period therefrom. Thus, while the starting responsiveness of the vehicle is enhanced, a fall in battery voltage is restrained from adversely affecting the operation of the shift actuator, and the occurrence of a shock and a decrease in driveability are suppressed as well.
Abstract:
There is provided a tapping screw having a high anti-loosening effect and a high pull-out resistance for resin-molded components. A tapping screw 1 according to the present invention is configured such that an intersection P between a root 10 and a clearance flank 8 of a thread 7 is set such that a first engaging rate ρ1 exceeds 50%, the first engaging rate ρ1 being percentage of an actual engaging height H1 to a hole 6 against a first thread height H2 from a crest of the, thread 7 to the intersection P, an intersection Q between the root 10 and a pressure flank 9 of the thread 7 is set such that a second engaging rate ρ2 is smaller than the first engaging rate ρ1 and no smaller than 50%, the second engaging rate ρ2 being percentage of the actual engaging height H1 to the hole 6 against a second thread height H3 from the crest of the thread 7 to the intersection Q, and the root of the thread inclines downward toward a tip direction, extending from the intersection P to the intersection Q thus set. By setting the first engaging rate ρ1 and the second engaging rate ρ2 in this manner, the root 10 inclining downward toward the tip direction provides a high pull-out resistance and a high anti-loosening effect.
Abstract:
A control system for a variable displacement pump driven by a drive source for driving a vehicle is provided. The variable displacement pump pressurizes hydraulic oil, and is switchable between a full capacity operation in which a discharge flow rate is maximized and a partial capacity operation in which the discharge flow rate is lower than that in the full capacity operation. It is determined whether an operation for starting the drive source has been performed. A rotational speed of the drive source and a temperature of the hydraulic oil are detected. When the rotational speed of the drive source is equal to or higher than a predetermined rotational speed and the hydraulic oil temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, immediately after the operation for starting the drive source is performed, the partial capacity operation of the variable displacement pump is performed. This control suppresses generation of untoward noises caused by the operation of the variable displacement pump when starting to drive the vehicle.
Abstract:
An SBW-ECU executes a program including the steps of: if there is a request to switch a shift position to another for the first time after the engine is started and the target position is not the D position, setting the D position as the current target position; controlling an actuator to attain the target position; if the actual shift position does not correspond to the target shift position, notifying that some failure has arisen; otherwise, resetting a target shift position based on a shift signal; and controlling the actuator to attain the reset target shift position.
Abstract:
A method (for, e.g., proof) of mapping only colors which fall outside a color gamut on its boundary calculates color differences from all the points in the color gamut, and determines a mapping destination by interpolating points with smaller color differences. For this reason, as the number of points that express the device color gamut increases, mapping destination search requires longer time. Hence, colorimetric values indicating the color gamut of an output device are obtained, information indicating the boundary of the color gamut is generated based on the calorimetric values, and it is determined if a color signal falls outside the color gamut. The color signal which falls outside the color gamut is mapped on the boundary on the basis of the information indicating the boundary of the color gamut.
Abstract:
A multilayer wiring substrate which is high in connection reliability is provided through process steps of forming more than one opening, such as a via-hole in a dielectric layer laminated on a substrate, and then applying uniform copper plating to a surface portion of the dielectric layer including the opening to thereby form a wiring layer. An electroless copper plating solution with at least one of mandelonitrile and triethyltetramine mixed therein is used to perform the intended electroless copper plating. An alternative process makes use of an electroless copper plating solution with chosen additives or “admixtures” containing at least on of mandelonitrile and triethyltetramine plus eriochrome block T along with at least one of 2,2′-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthroline, and 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline