Abstract:
There is disclosed a disk drive having a magnetic device for applying a direct current magnetic field to the disk 1 by using a disk with a double-layered structure in which a soft magnetic layer is provided on a lower layer of the recording magnetic layer. The magnetic device generates a direct current magnetic field to uniform a magnetic domain state of the soft magnetic layer of the disk. The intensity of the direct current is larger than the anisotropic magnetic field of the soft magnetic layer and is smaller than the coercive force of the recording magnetic layer. As a consequence, the stabilization of the magnetic domain state of the soft magnetic layer of the disk can be realized to make an attempt of decreasing the magnetic noise and establishing stabilization with respect to the disturbance magnetic field.
Abstract:
An apparatus for a physical vapor deposition system includes a target having a sidewall having an undercut thereon defining a net erosion area and a net redeposition area.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for processing a substrate in the presence of a plasma, the apparatus including: a chamber enclosing a region maintained at a low pressure; a substrate support disposed in the region and having a substantially horizontal substrate support surface for supporting a substrate; and a coil disposed in the chamber and for producing a radio frequency field within the chamber to create an ionizing plasma above the substrate support surface, the coil being disposed for maintaining a plasma having equipotential lines which extend substantially parallel to the upper surface of the substrate across substantially the entire upper surface of the substrate.
Abstract:
A magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus, including a probe made of a ferromagnetic film movable relative to a magnetic recording medium while having a distal end facing the magnetic recording medium; a head section having a recording element for recording a signal on the magnetic recording medium and a reproducing element including at least a probe for reproducing a signal recording on the magnetic recording medium; and a head slider for mounting the head section. The head slider includes a slider section having a slider surface facing the magnetic recording medium and configured to receive a hydrodynamic force generated by a dynamic effect of a gaseous flow caused by rotation of the magnetic recording medium, and a head support, coupled to the slider section, for supporting the head section such that the reproducing element contacts the magnetic recording medium, the head support having a mass smaller than that of the slider section, an area of a surface of the head support facing the magnetic recording medium being smaller than an area of the slider surface. The apparatus also includes a DC voltage application device for applying a DC voltage between the probe and a recording layer; and a device for detecting a tunnel current flowing between the distal end of the probe and the recording layer through a non-magnetic layer by application of the DC voltage, thereby reproducing a signal recorded on the magnetic recording medium.
Abstract:
A pedestal for supporting a semiconductor substrate in an R.F. plasma reactor chamber includes a conductive disk platen having a diameter exceeding the diameter of the substrate so that an outer annular portion of the conductive disk platen provides a direct path of R.F. power from the plasma while a remaining inner portion of the conductive disk provides a path of R.F. power from the plasma through the substrate, an etch-resistant cover shielding the conductive platen from the plasma, a portion of the etch-resistant layer underlying the substrate, the etch-resistant cover including a raised disk overlying a central portion of the conductive disk platen and underlying the substrate and having a diameter less than the diameter of the substrate so that a peripheral portion of the substrate extends beyond the circumference of the raised disk, a recessed ring annulus overlying an outer portion of the conductive disk platen and having a top surface which is depressed below a top surface of the raised disk, an inner portion of the recessed ring annulus underlying the peripheral portion of the substrate, leaving a top portion of a side wall of the raised disk exposed to the plasma.
Abstract:
A solid o/w-type cosmetic composition, a process for molding it, and a container used for aqueous-type solid cosmetics are disclosed. The cosmetic composition comprises (a) a water-soluble solidifying agent selected from agar and gelatin, (b) an oil component and (c) water, and optionally, (d) a powder or (e) a water-soluble adhesive. The composition has superior characteristics inherent in an o/w-type cosmetic, while providing excellent usability and portability. The molding process comprises applying a water-carrying sheet material to the surface of the composition before solidification and releasing it after solidification. The container for an aqueous-type solid cosmetic composition is characterized by having a water-absorbing material secured to a receptacle of the container.
Abstract:
A signal recording apparatus includes a temporary memory for writing an input signal at a predetermined signal-transfer rate and reading it out in the same sequence as input, and a main recorder for recording the signal read out from the temporary memory. The reading signal-transfer rate of the temporary memory is variable. The apparatus further includes a controller which, upon receiving a data-save instruction, sets the reading signal transfer rate of the temporary memory faster than its writing signal transer rate and transfers the signal from this memory to the main recorder.
Abstract:
An apparatus for measuring the frequency of a pulse train signal and method therefor applicable to a speedometer of a vehicle are disclosed in which a count value C of at least one counter which counts number of pulses in the pulse train signal for predetermined counting intervals of time .DELTA.T (=T/n, wherein T denotes a frequency measuring time interval and n denotes a calculation constant) is updated to a value related to the count value for each predetermined counting interval of time .DELTA.T and stored and outputted for each predetermined counting interval of time .DELTA.T so that the same or better performance as that using a stagger ring method can be achieved. The value is expressed by (C-C/.alpha.) in a first preferred embodiment (wherein .alpha. denotes the calculation constant preferably equal to n), by (C-C.times.m/.alpha.+D) in a second preferred embodiment (wherein m denotes the number of counters and D denotes the latest count values of the m counters during .DELTA.T at the time of update), by (C-M.sub.1 .times.C/.alpha.+M.sub.2 D) in a third preferred embodiment (wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 denotes values determined according to a change rate of the count value C of the counter with respect to time and D denotes the latest count value of the counter for .DELTA.T at the time of update), and by (C-C/M) in a fourth preferred embodiment (wherein M denotes a value determined according to a change rate of the count value C of the counter with respect to time).
Abstract:
A magnetic recording medium in which a silicon nitride film is formed on a magnetic recording layer having an axis of easy magnetization in the direction essentially perpendicular to its own layer surface. The magnetic recording layer is a metallic magnetic film such as a Co-Cr containing alloy. The silicon nitride film is preferably in a state in which the number of nitrogen atoms is less than four thirds of the number of silicon atoms. A lubricant layer such as a layer of fluorocarbon can be formed on the silicon nitride film.
Abstract:
A magnetic recording medium obtained by forming a Si-N-O system film on a magnetic recording layer with perpendicular axis of easy magnetization. The magnetic recording layer is a metallic magnetic film such as Co-Cr system alloy film. The oxygen content in the Si-N-O system film is selected preferably to show a maximum absorption of infrared radiation in the range above 830 cm.sup.-1 and below 1100 cm.sup.-1 of 1/.lambda. (.lambda. is the wavelength of the infrared radiation). Through formation of the Si-N-O system film, the magnetic recording medium can satisfy simultaneously both of the durability and the perpendicular magnetic recording characteristics.