公开(公告)号：US5558774A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-24

申请号：US410730

申请日：1995-03-27

Applicant: Fernando A. Tonelli ,  Henry Behmann

Inventor： Fernando A. Tonelli ,  Henry Behmann

IPC: B01D17/00 ,  B01D21/00 ,  B01D61/14 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F3/12 ,  C10M175/06

CPC classification number: B01D61/145 ,  B01D17/0208 ,  B01D17/12 ,  B01D21/2433 ,  B01D21/2444 ,  B01D21/34 ,  B01D61/147 ,  C02F1/444 ,  C02F3/1231 ,  C02F3/1268 ,  C10M175/06 ,  Y02W10/15 ,  Y10S210/908

Abstract: A wastewater feed containing an ultimate BOD/COD ratio >0.6 is well-suited for especially acclimated thermophilic and/or caldo-active living micro-organisms ("hot cells") which thrive in an autothermal aerobic (ATA) reaction zone having an ATA bioreactor ("ATAB") operating at substantially ambient atmospheric pressure in combination with a MF or UF membrane filtration device from which a solids-free permeate may be withdrawn. This combination, of ATAB and membrane device is a "membrane bioreactor" (ATA MBR), which operates autothermally with a feed containing biodegradable organic materials having a BOD of at least 5,000 mg/L, preferably at least 10,000 mg/L (10 g/L) with a minor portion of "municipal" wastewater or domestic sewage. Operation of the ATAB, preferably in the thermophilic range from 45.degree. C.-75.degree. C., with constant HRT from 1 to 12 days, is contingent upon maintaining a stable population of live hot cells. Such cells enhance the biokinetics of degradation and allow operation of the ATAB at higher COD loading and a lower concentration of TSS, than would be possible at a lower temperature. A surprisingly high membrane productivity allows production of much less sludge to be disposed of outside the system, than would have to be disposed of with a conventional mesophilic reactor in normal operation with a HRT of less than 24 hr. A combination of an MP MBR with an ATA MBR is highly effective when the MPB produces high BOD concentration mixed liquor for destruction by the ATAB.

Abstract translation: 含有最大BOD / COD比值> 0.6的废水进料非常适合在具有ATA的自热有氧（ATA）反应区中兴旺的特别适应的嗜热和/或积存活性活的微生物（“热细胞”） 生物反应器（“ATAB”）在基本上环境大气压下操作，与MF或UF膜过滤装置结合，可以从其中取出不含固体的渗透物。 ATAB和膜装置的这种组合是“膜生物反应器”（ATA MBR），其使用含有至少5,000mg / L，优选至少10,000mg / L（优选至少10,000mg / L）的BOD的可生物降解有机材料的饲料进行自热操作 / L），少部分“市政”废水或生活污水。 ATAB的操作优选在45℃-75℃的嗜温范围内，恒定HRT为1至12天，取决于保持活热细胞群的稳定。 这种细胞增强了降解的生物动力学，并允许ATAB在较低的温度下可能在较高的COD负载和较低的TSS浓度下操作。 令人惊讶的是，膜生产率允许在系统外排出少得多的污泥，而不需要在正常操作中用常规的嗜温反应器处理，HRT小于24小时。 MPB与ATA MBR的组合在MPB产生高浓度BOD浓度的混合液中被ATAB破坏时非常有效。

公开(公告)号：US5401400A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-28

申请号：US48915

申请日：1993-04-19

Applicant: Fernando A. Tonelli ,  R. Philip Canning

Inventor： Fernando A. Tonelli ,  R. Philip Canning

IPC: B01D17/00 ,  B01D17/02 ,  B01D21/00 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F3/12 ,  C10M175/06

CPC classification number: C02F3/1268 ,  B01D17/00 ,  B01D17/0208 ,  B01D21/2433 ,  B01D21/2444 ,  B01D21/305 ,  C02F1/444 ,  C02F3/1231 ,  C10M175/06 ,  Y02W10/15

Abstract: A system is provided to treat wastewater from a metal-working facility, such as an automotive manufacturing plant in a bioreactor using live microorganisms. Such wastewater contains waste fluids which are a mixture of relatively easily biodegradable fats and oils, much less easily biodegradable synthetic fluids, oils and greases, and nonbiodegradable material including inorganic finely divided solids such as metal and silicon carbide particles. Such waste fluids require a hydraulic retention time (HRT) and a solids retention time (SRT) which is 10 times greater than for sewage. High quality water is separated from suspended solids which are removed from the reactor at an essentially constant rate and fed to an ultrafiltration membrane. Concentrate is recycled to the reactor, except for a bleed stream to remove solids periodically. The membranes acquire a long and effective life despite large variations in membrane flux, because of a permeate recycle which permits operation of the bioreactor at constant volume; permits flow of feed wastewater to the reactor at constant flow rate; and allows operation of the membrane modules at a relatively low pressure in a narrow range which does not damage the membranes. Such operation of the bioreactor allows one to use a reactor which is one-half the size (volume) than one which would be required with a system without a permeate recycle. Effective and long-lived operation of the membranes is obtained by filtering out (through a 140 mesh screen) all solids greater in diameter than about 106 .mu.m. Pilot plant tests conducted with wastewater from automobile manufacturing plants over a period of more than a year provide evidence of the surprising effectiveness of the system over a prolonged period.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种处理来自金属加工设备的废水的系统，例如使用活微生物的生物反应器中的汽车制造厂。 这种废水含有作为相对容易生物降解的脂肪和油的混合物的废液，更不容易生物降解的合成流体，油和油脂，以及包括无机细碎固体如金属和碳化硅颗粒的不生物降解材料。 这种废液需要水力停留时间（HRT）和固体停留时间（SRT），比污水高10倍。 从悬浮固体中分离出高质量的水，这些悬浮固体以基本上恒定的速率从反应器中取出并进料到超滤膜。 浓缩物被循环到反应器中，除了排出物流以周期性除去固体。 由于渗透循环使得生物反应器以恒定的体积运行，因此膜具有长期和有效的寿命，尽管膜通量有很大变化。 允许进料废水以恒定流速流入反应器; 并且允许在不损害膜的窄范围内的相对低的压力下操作膜组件。 生物反应器的这种操作允许使用反应器的尺寸（体积）的一半，而不是在没有渗透物再循环的情况下需要的反应器。 通过过滤（通过140目筛）所有直径大于约106μm的固体，获得膜的有效和长寿命的操作。 在一年以上的汽车制造厂废水进行的试点工厂试验证明了该系统在长时间内的效果令人惊讶。

公开(公告)号：US20080070816A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-20

申请号：US11856813

申请日：2007-09-18

Applicant: Pablo Martin de Julian ,  Leonardo Ramon Padrino Torres ,  Pedro Adolfo Torres Fonseca

Inventor： Pablo Martin de Julian ,  Leonardo Ramon Padrino Torres ,  Pedro Adolfo Torres Fonseca

IPC: C10M175/06

CPC classification number: C10M175/0008 ,  C10M175/0058

Abstract: A process for recovering used lubricating oils, and oils recovered using the process. In a first embodiment (for used industrial oils), the used lubricating oil is mixed with clay in a reactor. The mixture is preferably heated to between 80 and 200 degrees Celsius. The temperature should not be too great, to avoid “cracking” the oil (i.e., breaking molecular chains in the oil). After a certain period of time, the mixture is pumped through filters. Cakes of clay and contaminants remain in the filters, while the oil emerges without the contaminants. A second embodiment (for removing ash or soot, very fine carbon particles and other organic compounds from used motor oils) is the same as the first embodiment, except that before the mixture is passed through the filters, a centrifuge is used to remove most of the clay contaminated with soot, so that it will not block the filters.

Abstract translation: 用于回收使用过的润滑油的方法和使用该方法回收的油。 在第一实施方案中（对于二手工业油），所用的润滑油与反应器中的粘土混合。 混合物优选加热至80至200摄氏度。 温度不宜太大，以避免“开裂”油（即破坏油中的分子链）。 在一段时间后，混合物通过过滤器被泵送。 粘土和污染物的蛋糕保留在过滤器中，而油没有污染物就会出现。 第二实施例（用于从二手机油除去灰分或烟灰，非常细的碳颗粒和其它有机化合物）与第一实施例相同，除了在混合物通过过滤器之前，使用离心机去除大部分 粘土被烟灰污染，使其不会堵塞过滤器。

公开(公告)号：US6117327A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-12

申请号：US136555

申请日：1998-08-19

Applicant: Richard J. Ciora ,  Paul K. T. Liu

Inventor： Richard J. Ciora ,  Paul K. T. Liu

IPC: B01D61/16 ,  C10M175/00 ,  C10M175/06 ,  B01D61/22

CPC classification number: C10M175/0016 ,  B01D61/145 ,  B01D61/16 ,  C10M175/06 ,  B01D2311/04

Abstract: A method suitable for treating used oil to remove ash and metal contaminants therefrom with minimum oxidation of the oil, the metal including at least one of the components of iron, lead, copper, zinc, sodium, magnesium, and calcium, to provide a highly purified oil product having less than 10 ppm of at least one of the contaminants and less than 0.15 wt. % of ash content. The method comprises providing a body of oil to be purified and chemically treating the oil to condition ash and metals contained therein to facilitate removal of ash and metal during membrane purification of the oil. A porous inorganic membrane module having a high pressure side and a low pressure side is provided and the chemically treated oil is introduced to the high pressure side of the membrane module to provide an oil permeate on the low pressure side and an ash and metal-rich concentrate on the high pressure side thereby separating ash and metals from the oil to provide the highly purified oil product at an improved level of throughput of the membrane compared to feed oil not chemically treated.

Abstract translation: 一种适用于处理用过的油以最少氧化氧的方法除去灰分和金属污染物的方法，该金属包括铁，铅，铜，锌，钠，镁和钙中的至少一种组分，以提供高度的 具有小于10ppm的至少一种污染物并且小于0.15wt。 灰分含量％。 该方法包括提供待净化的油体并化学处理油以调节其中所含的灰分和金属，以便在油的净化期间除去灰分和金属。 提供具有高压侧和低压侧的多孔无机膜组件，并将化学处理的油引入到膜组件的高压侧，以在低压侧提供渗透油，并且将灰分和金属富集 集中在高压侧，从而与未与化学处理的原料油相比，将灰分和金属与油分离以提供高度纯化的油产品，其提高了膜生产量。

公开(公告)号：US4814088A

公开(公告)日：1989-03-21

申请号：US221528

申请日：1988-07-20

Applicant: Oleh Kutowy ,  Thomas A. Tweddle ,  John D. Hazlett

Inventor： Oleh Kutowy ,  Thomas A. Tweddle ,  John D. Hazlett

IPC: C10G31/11 ,  C10M175/06 ,  F02B3/06 ,  B01D13/00

CPC classification number: C10M175/06 ,  B01D61/147 ,  B01D63/087 ,  C10G31/11 ,  B01D2313/38 ,  F02B3/06

Abstract: A method for the molecular filtration of predominantly aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids (e.g. spent diesel lubrication oil, crude oil or pipeline blend crude oils and heavy oils, and bitumen), wherein, at a viscosity less than 600 centipoise, the predominantly aliphatic hydrocarbon liquid is passed through a membrane, having at least a swelled outer layer on the high pressure side comprising a microporous, membrane of an aliphatic hydrocarbon liquid swellable, polysulfone compound, at a pressure differential in the range 1 to 100 atmospheres oil. The microporous membrane having been swelled in the aliphatic hydrocarbon liquid from having a molecular weight cut off less of than 20,000 when measured in an aqueous medium to, after adsorption of hydrocarbon liquid and having been swelled thereby, a molecular weight cut off less than 4,000 when measured in hydrocarbon liquid, so that oil depleted in the substance to be filtered therefrom permeates the membrane. The viscosity of the crude oil may be reduced by heating or adding a solvent to it. The invention is useful for separating, for example, nitrogen, sulphur, aluminum, chromium, copper, nickel, vanadium and asphaltenes from fossil derived, predominantly aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids.

Abstract translation: 主要是脂族烃液体（例如废柴油润滑油，原油或管道混合原油和重油以及沥青）的分子过滤的方法，其中在小于600厘泊的粘度下，主要是脂族烃液体通过 通过膜，其在高压侧具有至少一个膨胀的外层，其包含在1至100大气压油范围内的压力差下的微孔的脂肪族烃液体溶胀性聚砜化合物的膜。 在脂肪族烃液体中膨胀的微孔膜在水性介质中测定时分子量切断小于20,000，在吸附烃液体并因此被溶胀后，分子量切断小于4000，当 在烃液体中测量，使得要从其中过滤的物质中耗尽的油渗透到膜中。 可以通过加热或向其中加入溶剂来降低原油的粘度。 本发明可用于从化石衍生的主要是脂族烃液体中分离出例如氮，硫，铝，铬，铜，镍，钒和沥青质。

公开(公告)号：US4756825A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-12

申请号：US854855

申请日：1986-04-22

Applicant: Paul Bachmann ,  Hanns-Peter Berges ,  Dieter Gotz

Inventor： Paul Bachmann ,  Hanns-Peter Berges ,  Dieter Gotz

IPC: C10M105/50 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01D19/00 ,  C10M175/00 ,  C10M175/06

CPC classification number: C10M175/0075 ,  B01D19/0068

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for separating impurities from a hydrogen-free fluorinated lubricant. The lubricant is passed through a filter apparatus containing an adsorbing material. The lubricant is then passed into a degasser unit to remove volatile impurities from the lubricant. The degassing unit has an area of closed suction. A pressure measuring device measures the pressure in the closed area and, based on this measurement, a control apparatus controls the degassing unit. A monitoring unit monitors the quality of the filtered lubricant.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于从无氢氟化润滑剂中分离杂质的系统。 润滑剂通过含有吸附材料的过滤装置。 然后将润滑剂通入脱气装置，以从润滑剂中除去挥发性杂质。 脱气单元具有闭合吸入区域。 压力测量装置测量封闭区域中的压力，并且基于该测量，控制装置控制脱气单元。 监控单元监控过滤润滑剂的质量。

公开(公告)号：US4201664A

公开(公告)日：1980-05-06

申请号：US617348

申请日：1975-09-29

Applicant: Ihab M. Hekal

Inventor： Ihab M. Hekal

IPC: B01D17/00 ,  B01D61/02 ,  B01D61/14 ,  B01D61/16 ,  B21B45/02 ,  C10G31/11 ,  C10G33/06 ,  C10M175/06 ,  C10N40/22 ,  C21D1/60 ,  B01D13/00

CPC classification number: C10M175/06 ,  B01D17/085 ,  B01D61/025 ,  B01D61/145 ,  B01D71/16 ,  B01D71/68

Abstract: A portion of the oil-in-water emulsion used as a lubricant/coolant in the shaping of metal articles such as containers is subjected to a reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration process to concentrate the oil portion and separate a water permeate. The oil concentrate is reincorporated in the remaining portion of the coolant and the permeate is used as rinse water to remove oil residues retained on the article from the metal shaping operation. The coolant is then reconstituted with the oil residue rinsed from the article.

Abstract translation: 在金属制品如容器的成型中用作润滑剂/冷却剂的一部分水包油乳液经受反渗透或超滤过程以浓缩油部分并分离水渗透物。 将油浓缩物重新结合在冷却剂的剩余部分中，并且渗透物用作冲洗水以从金属成形操作中除去保留在制品上的油残余物。 然后用从物品漂洗的油渣重构冷却剂。

公开(公告)号：US3990963A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-09

申请号：US554079

申请日：1975-02-28

Applicant: Francois Audibert ,  Maurice Born ,  Daniel Defives ,  Xavier Marze

Inventor： Francois Audibert ,  Maurice Born ,  Daniel Defives ,  Xavier Marze

IPC: C10M175/02 ,  B01D71/76 ,  C10G31/11 ,  C10M175/00 ,  C10M175/06 ,  C10M11/00

CPC classification number: C10M175/06 ,  B01D61/145 ,  B01D71/76

Abstract: Used lubricating oils are first heated to 200.degree.-500.degree. C, optionally with added steam, and then filtered through a membrane such as an ultra-filtration membrane. The latter has preferably a cut range of from 5,000 to 300,000.

Abstract translation: 首先将二手润滑油加热至200-500℃，任选加入蒸汽，然后通过超滤膜等膜过滤。 后者优选具有5,000至300,000的切割范围。

公开(公告)号：US10465143B2

公开(公告)日：2019-11-05

申请号：US15345669

申请日：2016-11-08

Applicant: R.P. Scherer Technologies, LLC

Inventor： Lester David Fulper ,  Werner Stange ,  Norton Richard Hart ,  Shawn P. McKee ,  Neftali Tosado

IPC: A61K9/48 ,  B01J3/00 ,  C10M175/00 ,  B01J13/00 ,  C10M175/06

Abstract: A process and system for recovering gel-mass from a gel-mass-containing waste material. The process comprises retrieving the gel-mass-containing waste material from an encapsulation process; melting the retrieved waste material to provide an oil phase and a non-oil phase; retrieving the non-oil phase to produce a recovered gel-mass; and recycling the recovered gel-mass for combination with fresh encapsulating material to provide a combined encapsulating material for use in encapsulating a same lot of the same product which was being encapsulated in the step that produced the gel-mass-containing waste material from which the gel-mass was obtained. The system comprises a heated accumulator for receiving and melting the gel-mass-containing waste material to provide an oil phase and a non-oil phase; a pumping system; an optional mixer; and a control system.

公开(公告)号：US20050040101A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-24

申请号：US10486901

申请日：2002-08-08

Applicant: Jianfeng Kong ,  Yutie Liu ,  Fook Wong

Inventor： Jianfeng Kong ,  Yutie Liu ,  Fook Wong

IPC: B01D17/02 ,  B01D61/14 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/16 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C10M175/06 ,  D01F2/28

CPC classification number: B01D61/145 ,  B01D17/085 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/16 ,  C02F1/444 ,  C10M175/06

Abstract: The present invention proposes a new formulation for the making of a cellulose acetate hollow fiber membrane for ultrafiltration with high water permeability, capable of oil and water separation with minimal energy consumption and low fouling tendencies.

Abstract translation: 本发明提出了一种用于制造具有高透水性的超滤的乙酸纤维素中空纤维膜的新配方，能够以最小的能量消耗和低污染倾向进行油和水分离。