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    Methods for neutralizing/detoxifying and stably fixing/solidifying hazardous compounds
    3.
    发明授权
    Methods for neutralizing/detoxifying and stably fixing/solidifying hazardous compounds 失效
    中和/解毒和稳定固化/固化有害化合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5986161A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-16

    申请号：US138952

    申请日：1998-08-24

    Applicant: Yukoh Akae ,  Kazuo Kote

    Inventor： Yukoh Akae ,  Kazuo Kote

    IPC: A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/33 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D3/36 ,  A62D3/37 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/08 ,  A62D101/22 ,  A62D101/24 ,  A62D101/28 ,  A62D101/40 ,  A62D101/43 ,  C02F1/42

    CPC classification number: A62D3/37 ,  A62D3/33 ,  A62D3/34 ,  A62D3/36 ,  A62D2101/08 ,  A62D2101/22 ,  A62D2101/24 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  A62D2101/40 ,  A62D2101/43 ,  A62D2203/02 ,  A62D2203/04

    Abstract: Hazardous compounds are chemically treated to remove various pollutants by subjecting the compounds (samples) to various process steps, including selecting specific solvents and using them, treating the sample at room temperature or below (30.degree. C. or lower); separating fatty acids mixed with heavy metal and semi-metal compounds as well as the separation of organic substances (including halogenated compounds) added to heavy metals and semi-metals; and using sodium nitrite and sodium 1-naphthylamine-4-sulfonate in combination from specific solvents, thereby in the sample, adsorbing and fixating halogen substances related to air pollution, coagulation resulting from the decomposition of fatty acids and the fixation of such compounds by quicklime and graphite and the stable fixation of heavy-metal oxide and semi-metal compounds using solvents having redox action and the formation of their complex salts and compounds, the above being accomplished by a continuous processing method.

    Abstract translation: 对化合物（样品）进行各种处理步骤，包括选择特定溶剂并使用它们，在室温或低于（30℃或更低）的条件下处理样品，对有害化合物进行化学处理以除去各种污染物。 分离与重金属和半金属化合物混合的脂肪酸以及添加到重金属和半金属中的有机物质（包括卤化物）的分离; 并从特定溶剂中组合使用亚硝酸钠和1-萘胺-4-磺酸钠，从而在样品中吸附和固定与空气污染有关的卤素物质，由脂肪酸分解产生的凝结和这些化合物通过生石灰固定 石墨和使用具有氧化还原作用的溶剂和其复合盐和化合物的形成的重金属氧化物和半金属化合物的稳定固定，上述是通过连续加工方法实现的。

    Process for insolubilizing and consolidating spent linings from hall-heroult electrolysis cells
    4.
    发明授权
    Process for insolubilizing and consolidating spent linings from hall-heroult electrolysis cells 失效
    用于不溶和巩固来自大厅 - 英雄电解池的废衬里的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5947888A

    公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

    申请号：US977537

    申请日：1997-11-25

    Applicant: Pierre Personnet ,  Gilbert Bouzat

    Inventor： Pierre Personnet ,  Gilbert Bouzat

    IPC: A62D3/33 ,  A62D101/40 ,  A62D101/45 ,  A62D101/49 ,  C04B18/02 ,  A62D3/00

    CPC classification number: A62D3/33 ,  C04B18/023 ,  A62D2101/40 ,  A62D2101/45 ,  A62D2101/49 ,  Y02W30/91

    Abstract: Process for insolubilizing and consolidating in pellet form the spent linings from electrolysis cells for the production of aluminium comprising grinding said spent linings and mixing them thoroughly with various pulverulent refractory additives before heating, characterized in that after the addition of:a first additive intended to fix the alkali metals during firing, which is chosen from the group of aluminosilicates,and subsequently a second additive intended firstly to combine with the impregnating fluoride compounds during firing to form new stable, insoluble compounds, and secondly through its non-combined excess part to assure the consolidation of the mixture, and is chosen from the group of calcium oxides and salts, preferably limestone cements and mortars,the intimate mixture of ground, spent linings and said first and second pulverulent additives is agglomerated into pellet form before firing at a temperature in the range of from 700.degree. C. to 950.degree. C.

    Abstract translation: 用于使颗粒不溶和固结的方法形成用于生产铝的电解槽的废衬里，其包括研磨所述废衬里并在加热之前将其与各种粉状耐火添加剂充分混合，其特征在于，在添加旨在固定的第一添加剂 煅烧期间的碱金属，其选自铝硅酸盐组，随后是第二种添加剂，其首先在煅烧期间与浸渍的氟化物组合以形成新的稳定的不溶性化合物，其次通过其非组合的过量部分来确保 混合物的固结，并且选自钙氧化物和盐类，优选石灰石水泥和砂浆，研磨，废衬里和所述第一和第二粉状添加剂的紧密混合物在烧制之前在温度为 范围从700℃到950℃

    Process for treating spent potlining containing inorganic matter
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for treating spent potlining containing inorganic matter 失效
    处理含有无机物的乏花化方法

    公开(公告)号：US5939035A

    公开(公告)日：1999-08-17

    申请号：US817579

    申请日：1997-06-04

    Applicant: John Besida ,  Teresa Kit-Hing Pong ,  Robert Jacques Adrien ,  Geoffrey Harold Covey ,  Thomas Aloysius O'Donnell ,  David George Wood

    Inventor： John Besida ,  Teresa Kit-Hing Pong ,  Robert Jacques Adrien ,  Geoffrey Harold Covey ,  Thomas Aloysius O'Donnell ,  David George Wood

    IPC: A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/36 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/40 ,  A62D101/43 ,  A62D101/45 ,  A62D101/49 ,  C01F1/00 ,  C01F7/00 ,  C22B1/00 ,  C22B21/00

    CPC classification number: A62D3/36 ,  A62D2101/40

    Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing and/or removing inorganic matter from a material containing inorganic matter which comprises the steps of:(i) (a) treating the material with a source of hydrogen fluoride so as to form a first residue and a first solution containing inorganic matter; (b) separating the first residue from the first solution containing the inorganic matter; (c) treating the first residue with an acid so as to form a second residue and a second solution containing further inorganic matter; and (d) separating the second residue from the second solution containing the further inorganic matter; or(ii) (a) treating the material with an acid so as to form a first residue and a first solution containing inorganic matter; (b) separating the first residue from the first solution containing the inorganic matter; (c) treating the first residue with a source of hydrogen fluoride so as to form a second residue and a second solution containing further inorganic matter; and (d) separating the second residue from the second solution containing the further inorganic matter.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / AU95 / 00671 Sec。 371日期：1997年6月4日 102（e）日期1997年6月4日PCT提交1995年10月12日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 11756 日期1996年04月25日本发明涉及一种从含有无机物质的材料中还原和/或除去无机物质的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：（i）（a）用氟化氢源处理该材料，以便 形成第一残留物和含有无机物质的第一溶液; （b）从含有无机物质的第一溶液中分离出第一残留物; （c）用酸处理第一残余物以形成第二残余物和含另外的无机物质的第二溶液; 和（d）从包含另外的无机物质的第二溶液中分离出第二残留物; 或（ii）（a）用酸处理该物质以形成第一残留物和含有无机物质的第一溶液; （b）从含有无机物质的第一溶液中分离出第一残留物; （c）用氟化氢源处理第一残留物以形成第二残留物和含有其它无机物质的第二溶液; 和（d）从包含另外的无机物质的第二溶液中分离出第二残留物。

    Method for separating compounds in process streams
    8.
    发明授权
    Method for separating compounds in process streams 失效
    在工艺流中分离化合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5440058A

    公开(公告)日：1995-08-08

    申请号：US255338

    申请日：1994-06-07

    Applicant: William C. Hoffman ,  John P. Dever

    Inventor： William C. Hoffman ,  John P. Dever

    IPC: A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/37 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/28 ,  A62D101/40 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C07D301/32 ,  C07C29/88 ,  C07C31/20 ,  C07D303/04

    CPC classification number: A62D3/38 ,  A62D3/37 ,  B01J19/002 ,  C07D301/32 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  A62D2101/40

    Abstract: A method, especially applicable on a continuous basis to commercial process streams, for treating unwanted by-products and/or impurities contained in those streams. The method comprises the reaction in situ of such by-products or impurities with a reagent, preferably selected for its reactivity under ambient conditions of the process stream, to produce one or more materials which may then be separated from the process by economical means. The treated stream may be recycled to the process for further processing. While the method is not limited as to the process to which it is applied nor to the reagent or reagents used, in one convenient embodiment, formaldehyde in aqueous solution is reacted with an alkali metal sulfite or bisulfite to produce the corresponding salt, which may then be separated essentially completely by, e.g., distillation or membrane separation, etc., or its concentration in the process may be controlled by, e.g., continuous removal of a purge stream, etc.

    Abstract translation: 特别适用于商业工艺流的连续的方法，用于处理这些流中包含的不需要的副产物和/或杂质。 该方法包括将这种副产物或杂质与试剂原位反应，优选在工艺流的环境条件下选择其反应性，以产生一种或多种材料，然后可以通过经济方式与该方法分离。 经处理的流可以再循环到该方法进行进一步处理。 虽然该方法不限于其应用的方法，也不限于所用的试剂或试剂，但是在一个方便的实施方案中，水溶液中的甲醛与碱金属亚硫酸盐或亚硫酸氢盐反应以产生相应的盐， 通过例如蒸馏或膜分离等基本上完全分离，或者其过程中的浓度可以通过例如连续除去吹扫流等来控制。

    Method and apparatus for injection of a liquid waste into a molten bath
    9.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for injection of a liquid waste into a molten bath 失效
    将液体废液注入熔池中的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5436210A

    公开(公告)日：1995-07-25

    申请号：US13756

    申请日：1993-02-04

    Applicant: Mark A. Wilkinson ,  Rick M. Rauenzahn ,  Christopher J. Nagel

    Inventor： Mark A. Wilkinson ,  Rick M. Rauenzahn ,  Christopher J. Nagel

    IPC: A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/32 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/40 ,  B01J10/00 ,  F27B3/00 ,  F27B3/08 ,  F27B3/10 ,  F27B3/20 ,  F27B3/22 ,  F27D3/15 ,  F27D3/16 ,  F27D3/18 ,  F27D17/00 ,  F27D99/00

    CPC classification number: B01J4/002 ,  B01J10/005 ,  F27B3/00 ,  F27B3/10 ,  F27B3/225 ,  F27D3/16 ,  F27D3/18 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  F27B3/085 ,  F27B3/20 ,  F27D17/001 ,  F27D17/004 ,  F27D17/008 ,  F27D2003/162 ,  F27D2003/164 ,  F27D2003/166 ,  F27D2099/0051 ,  F27D3/1518 ,  F27M2001/02 ,  F27M2001/05 ,  Y10S423/12 ,  Y10S588/90

    Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for injecting liquids into a molten bath. The method includes forming a suitable liquid dispersion of a liquid phase disposed in a gas phase. The liquid phase has a ratio of surface area to volume which is sufficient to cause an accumulated amount of the liquid phase in the molten bath to be significantly less than that which would occur by injection of a continuous stream of the liquid into the molten bath. The liquid dispersion is directed into the molten metal bath, whereby the liquid volatilizes or decomposes. The rate at which the liquid dispersion is injected into the molten bath is sufficient to cause the liquid of the liquid phase to volatilize or decompose at a rate which is sufficient to cause the accumulation of the liquid phase in the bath to be significantly less than that which would occur by injection of a continuous stream of the liquid into the molten bath. The apparatus includes an atomizer which is disposed at a reactor containing the molten bath. The atomizer can be, for example, a tuyere which atomizes a suitable liquid to form a liquid dispersion of the liquid in a gas. The liquid dispersion is directed into the molten bath through the tuyere for volatilization or decomposition of the liquid.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种将液体注入熔池中的方法和装置。 该方法包括形成设置在气相中的合适的液相分散体。 液相的表面积与体积的比例足以使熔融液中的液相的累积量显着小于通过将液体的连续流注入到熔池中而发​​生的。 将液体分散体引入熔融金属浴中，由此液体挥发或分解。 将液体分散体注入熔浴中的速率足以使液相的液体以足以使液相在浴中的积聚足够的速率挥发或分解，显着小于 这将通过将液体的连续流注射到熔融浴中而发生。 该装置包括雾化器，其设置在包含熔融浴的反应器中。 雾化器可以是例如使合适的液体雾化以在气体中形成液体的液体分散体的风嘴。 液体分散体通过风口导入熔池，用于挥发或分解液体。

    Molten salt destruction of alkali and alkaline earth metals
    10.
    发明授权
    Molten salt destruction of alkali and alkaline earth metals 失效
    碱和碱土金属的熔盐破坏

    公开(公告)号：US5348689A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-20

    申请号：US90458

    申请日：1993-07-13

    Applicant: Ricahard L. Gay ,  Jerold Guon ,  John C. Newcomb

    Inventor： Ricahard L. Gay ,  Jerold Guon ,  John C. Newcomb

    IPC: A62D3/32 ,  A62D3/38 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/40 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C01D7/00 ,  C01F11/18 ,  G21F9/06 ,  G21F9/32 ,  G21F9/00

    CPC classification number: G21F9/32 ,  C01D7/00 ,  C01F11/184

    Abstract: A process for destroying alkali metal and alkaline earth metal-containing wastes, such as sodium, by feeding such waste into a molten bath containing a molten salt such as sodium carbonate, or a mixture of salts having a lower melting point, such as a mixture of sodium carbonate and an alkali metal halide, e.g. sodium chloride, or mixtures of alkali metal chlorides, feeding a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen into the molten salt bath and reacting the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal such as sodium in the waste with the carbon dioxide and oxygen to form alkali metal carbonate, e.g. sodium carbonate, in the molten salt bath.

    Abstract translation: 通过将这种废物进料到含有熔融盐如碳酸钠的熔融浴或具有较低熔点的混合物如混合物中来破坏含碱金属和碱土金属的废物如钠的方法 的碳酸钠和碱金属卤化物，例如 氯化钠或碱金属氯化物的混合物，将二氧化碳和氧气的混合物进料到熔融盐浴中，并使废弃物中的碱金属或碱土金属如钠与二氧化碳和氧气反应以形成碱金属碳酸盐， 例如 碳酸钠，在熔融盐浴中。

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