公开(公告)号：US20160341707A1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-24

申请号：US14717825

申请日：2015-05-20

Applicant: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

Inventor： Sedat Inan

IPC: G01N30/86 ,  G01N30/72 ,  G01N30/12

CPC classification number: G01N30/8679 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/7206 ,  G01N31/12 ,  G01N33/24 ,  G01N2030/123 ,  G01N2030/125

Abstract: Some examples of pyrolysis to determine hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of hydrocarbon source rock can be implemented by performing an open system pyrolysis of a hydrocarbon source rock sample obtained from a natural system. Sample includes hydrocarbon source rocks having an equivalent spherical diameter of substantially at least one centimeter. After the open system pyrolysis, the sample can be crushed and thermally vaporized. A hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of hydrocarbon source rock in the natural system can be determined based on hydrocarbons recovered in response to the open system pyrolysis and in response to the crushing and thermal vaporization.

Abstract translation: 通过进行从天然系统获得的烃源岩样品的开放系统热解可以实现用于确定烃源岩的烃排出效率的热解的一些实例。 样品包括具有基本上至少一厘米的当量球形直径的烃源岩。 在开放系统热解后，样品可被粉碎并热蒸发。 烃源岩在天然系统中的烃排出效率可以基于响应于开放系统热解回收的烃和响应于破碎和热汽化来确定。

公开(公告)号：US20110030485A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-10

申请号：US12849660

申请日：2010-08-03

Applicant: Leonardo Sisti

Inventor： Leonardo Sisti

IPC: G01N1/24 ,  G01N1/22

CPC classification number: G01N30/24 ,  G01N1/34 ,  G01N1/44 ,  G01N30/66 ,  G01N31/12 ,  G01N35/1097 ,  G01N2001/2267 ,  G01N2030/025 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N2030/8859

Abstract: A sampler for an elemental analyzer comprises a sample housing suitable to accommodate one or more samples, sealed in tin or silver capsules, to be analyzed, a closure mechanism suitable to reversibly seal the sample housing, a sample passage having a connection opening for the passage by gravity of the one or more samples from the sampler into the analyzer through the connection opening. The sampler further comprises a heater for heating the sample housing and a vacuum system or other means for pumping out environmental gases and vapors from the sample housing.

Abstract translation: 用于元素分析器的采样器包括适于容纳要分析的一个或多个密封在锡或银胶囊中的一个或多个样品的样品壳体，适于可逆地密封样品壳体的闭合机构，具有用于通道的连接开口的样品通道 通过重力将一个或多个样品从采样器通过连接口进入分析器。 采样器还包括用于加热样品壳体的加热器和用于从样品壳体泵出环境气体和蒸汽的真空系统或其它装置。

公开(公告)号：US07410558B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-12

申请号：US10675629

申请日：2003-09-30

Applicant: Avinash Dalmia ,  Otto J. Prohaska

Inventor： Avinash Dalmia ,  Otto J. Prohaska

IPC: G01N27/26 ,  G01N1/18 ,  G01N1/22 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N1/00

CPC classification number: G01N30/64 ,  G01N33/0013 ,  G01N33/0044 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N2030/645 ,  Y10T436/25375 ,  Y10T436/25875

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining a total concentration of a component in a sample, including a reactor for oxidizing or reducing the sample, a chromatographic column coupled to the reactor for separating the component in the sample, and an electrochemical gas sensor coupled to the chromatographic column for detecting the component. In further embodiments, a filter may be used instead of or in addition to the column. Moreover, multiple sensors may be used instead of or in addition to the column for simultaneously detecting multiple components.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于确定样品中组分的总浓度的方法和装置，包括用于氧化或还原样品的反应器，耦合到反应器的用于分离样品中组分的色谱柱和电化学气体传感器 偶联到用于检测组分的色谱柱。 在另外的实施方案中，可以使用过滤器来替代或除了柱子。 此外，可以使用多个传感器来代替或除了列以用于同时检测多个部件。

公开(公告)号：US07013707B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-21

申请号：US10345608

申请日：2003-01-16

Applicant: Otto J. Prohaska ,  Avinash Dalmia ,  Andrew Tipler

Inventor： Otto J. Prohaska ,  Avinash Dalmia ,  Andrew Tipler

IPC: G01N27/26 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N30/62

CPC classification number: G01N30/62 ,  G01N27/4045 ,  G01N30/64 ,  G01N2030/025 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N2030/645

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for a chromatography system having a chromatographic column for separating gases in a mixture from one another and an electrochemical gas sensor coupled to the chromatographic column for detecting a gas being emitted from the column. The electrochemical gas sensor further includes a substrate having a surface for depositing electrodes thereon, an ionomer membrane in contact with the surface, an electrode in contact with the surface, and an opening in the ionomer membrane in a location proximate to the electrode for permitting a gas to diffuse through the opening to simultaneously contact the electrode and the ionomer membrane within the opening.

公开(公告)号：US06932941B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-23

申请号：US10397757

申请日：2003-03-26

Applicant: Otto J. Prohaska ,  Avinash Dalmia ,  David Clark

Inventor： Otto J. Prohaska ,  Avinash Dalmia ,  David Clark

IPC: G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/333 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/49 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/64 ,  G01N31/00 ,  G01N33/00 ,  B01L3/00

CPC classification number: G01N31/12 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N2030/645 ,  Y10T436/188 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  Y10T436/2575

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for providing a reactor having a heater, a passage for transporting a reactant, and a chamber containing a gas sample and being coupled to the passage for receiving the reactant and mixing the reactant with the gas sample. The reactor further includes a connector leading from the chamber to the heater for transporting a mixture of the reactant and gas sample, and wherein the heater heats the mixture of the reactant and gas sample.

公开(公告)号：US20050069456A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-31

申请号：US10675629

申请日：2003-09-30

Applicant: Avinash Dalmia ,  Otto Prohaska

Inventor： Avinash Dalmia ,  Otto Prohaska

IPC: G01N27/407 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/64 ,  G01N31/00 ,  G01N31/12 ,  G01N33/00

CPC classification number: G01N30/64 ,  G01N33/0013 ,  G01N33/0044 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N2030/645 ,  Y10T436/25375 ,  Y10T436/25875

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining a total concentration of a component in a sample, including a reactor for oxidizing or reducing the sample, a chromatographic column coupled to the reactor for separating the component in the sample, and an electrochemical gas sensor coupled to the chromatographic column for detecting the component. In further embodiments, a filter may be used instead of or in addition to the column. Moreover, multiple sensors may be used instead of or in addition to the column for simultaneously detecting multiple components.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于确定样品中组分的总浓度的方法和装置，包括用于氧化或还原样品的反应器，耦合到反应器的用于分离样品中组分的色谱柱和电化学气体传感器 偶联到用于检测组分的色谱柱。 在另外的实施方案中，可以使用过滤器来替代或除了柱子。 此外，可以使用多个传感器来代替或除了列以用于同时检测多个部件。

公开(公告)号：US20040129565A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-08

申请号：US10738858

申请日：2003-12-17

Inventor： Otto J. Prohaska ,  Anthony B. LaConti ,  Jose D. Giner ,  Mourad Manoukian

IPC: G01N027/26

CPC classification number: G01N27/4045 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N2030/645

Abstract: A miniaturized gas sensor including film type electrodes, and a solid ionomer electrolyte, for the detection of toxic gases, i.e., carbon monoxide, and other oxidizable or reducible gases and vapors is described. The all-solid planar sensor cell has two or more film type electrodes arranged on a non-conductive planar surface of a supportive material. The electrodes are discrete and in intimate contact with the same solid polymer ionomer membrane. The sensor cell contains no liquid electrolyte and is operated in a potentiostatic or potentiodynamic mode. The unique feature of the sensor cell is that high sensitivity to a select gas or vapor is achieved by a novel three-phase contact area design for a sensing electrode which is easily accessible to the gas sample via small diffusion openings or holes that penetrate through the solid polymer ionomer membrane layer above the sensing electrode. A significant signal to background noise enhancement is achieved for these film type sensor cells by processes that increase the three-phase contact area.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于检测有毒气体即一氧化碳和其它可氧化或可还原的气体和蒸气的薄膜型电极和固体离聚物电解质的微型气体传感器。 全固体平面传感器单元具有布置在支撑材料的非导电平面上的两个或多个薄膜型电极。 电极是离散的并且与相同的固体聚合物离聚物膜紧密接触。 传感器电池不含液体电解质，并以恒电位或电位动力学模式运行。 传感器单元的独特之处在于，通过用于感应电极的新颖的三相接触面积设计来实现对选择气体或蒸气的高灵敏度，该设计可以通过穿透该气体样本的小扩散开口​​或孔容易接近气体样品 固体聚合物离聚物膜层感应电极上方。 通过增加三相接触面积的工艺，对这些膜型传感器单元实现对背景噪声增强的显着信号。

公开(公告)号：US5092155A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-03

申请号：US81912

申请日：1987-07-08

Applicant: David P. Rounbehler ,  Eugenie Hainsworth

Inventor： David P. Rounbehler ,  Eugenie Hainsworth

IPC: G01N1/00 ,  G01N1/02 ,  G01N1/22 ,  G01N1/28 ,  G01N1/40 ,  G01N21/76 ,  G01N27/417 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/06 ,  G01N30/08 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/14 ,  G01N30/16 ,  G01N30/30 ,  G01N30/40 ,  G01N30/46 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N30/64 ,  G01N30/72 ,  G01N30/84 ,  G01N31/12 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G01V9/00

CPC classification number: G01N30/461 ,  G01N1/02 ,  G01N30/08 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/84 ,  G01N33/0057 ,  G01V9/007 ,  G01N1/2214 ,  G01N1/2226 ,  G01N1/28 ,  G01N1/40 ,  G01N2001/022 ,  G01N2001/028 ,  G01N2030/025 ,  G01N2030/065 ,  G01N2030/085 ,  G01N2030/121 ,  G01N2030/122 ,  G01N2030/123 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N2030/126 ,  G01N2030/143 ,  G01N2030/167 ,  G01N2030/3007 ,  G01N2030/3046 ,  G01N2030/3053 ,  G01N2030/3061 ,  G01N2030/3069 ,  G01N2030/3076 ,  G01N2030/3084 ,  G01N2030/626 ,  G01N2030/642 ,  G01N2030/8405 ,  G01N21/76 ,  G01N30/14 ,  G01N30/40 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N30/72

Abstract: A highly selective, sensitive, fast detection system and method are disclosed for detecting vapors of specific compounds in air. Vapors emanating from compounds such as explosives, or stripped from surfaces using heat and suction from a hand-held sample gun, are collected on surfaces coated with gas chromatograph (GC) material which trap explosives vapors but repel nitric oxide, then are desorbed and concentrated in one or more cold spot concentrators. A high speed gas chromatograph (GC) separates the vapors, after which specific vapors are decomposed in two pyrolyzers arranged in parallel and the resulting nitric oxide is detected. A low temperature pyrolyzer with silver produces NO from nitramines or nitrite esters; a high temperature pyrolyzer decomposes all explosives vapors to permit detection of the remaining explosives. Also disclosed is a series arrangement of pyrolyzers and gas chromatographs and an NO detector to time-shift detection of certain vapors and facilitate very fast GC analyses. The use of hydrogen as a carrier gas, plus unique collectors and concentrators, high speed heaters, NO detectors, and very fast, temperature-programmable GC's enhance selectivity, sensitivity and speed of detection.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种高选择性，灵敏，快速的检测系统和方法，用于检测空气中特定化合物的蒸气。 从化合物如爆炸物或从手持式样品枪吸取热量从表面剥离的蒸气被收集在涂有气相色谱（GC）材料的表面上，该气相色谱（GC）材料捕获爆炸物蒸气但排斥一氧化氮，然后被解吸和浓缩 在一个或多个冷点浓缩器中。 高速气相色谱仪（GC）分离蒸汽，之后特定的蒸汽在平行排列的两个热解器中分解，并检测到所产生的一氧化氮。 含有银的低温热解器由硝胺或亚硝酸酯产生NO; 高温热解器分解所有炸药蒸气，以便检测剩余的炸药。 还公开了热解器和气相色谱仪的串联布置和用于某些蒸气的时移检测的NO检测器，并且促进非常快速的GC分析。 使用氢气作为载气，加上独特的收集器和浓缩器，高速加热器，NO检测器和非常快速的温度可编程GC增强了选择性，灵敏度和检测速度。

公开(公告)号：US5049508A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-17

申请号：US260872

申请日：1988-10-21

Applicant: Willi Hilscher ,  Cetin Gokcek ,  Dietrich Schmicker ,  Eberhard Riedel ,  Peter Kunik

Inventor： Willi Hilscher ,  Cetin Gokcek ,  Dietrich Schmicker ,  Eberhard Riedel ,  Peter Kunik

IPC: G01N21/72 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/06 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/68 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01N30/84

CPC classification number: G01N30/74 ,  G01N21/72 ,  G01N30/06 ,  G01N2030/025 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N2030/685 ,  G01N2030/8435 ,  Y10T436/18 ,  Y10T436/184 ,  Y10T436/188

Abstract: The total sulfur content of samples consisting of chemical compounds is determined by the use of gas chromatographic separation of the sulfur and its flame-photometric detection. The samples are subjected to a catalytic reaction in a pipe reactor before the separation whereby all sulfur-containing compounds are completely converted into hydrogen sulfide. The pipe reactor is made from an aluminum oxide material in a purity of at least 99.8% of the corundum type.

Abstract translation: 由化合物组成的样品的总硫含量通过使用硫的气相色谱分离和其火焰光度检测来确定。 样品在分离前在管式反应器中进行催化反应，所有含硫化合物完全转化为硫化氢。 管式反应器由纯度至少为刚玉类型的99.8％的氧化铝材料制成。

公开(公告)号：US5009591A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-23

申请号：US472532

申请日：1990-01-30

Applicant: Chuichi Watanabe

Inventor： Chuichi Watanabe

IPC: G01N30/06 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/14 ,  G01N30/30 ,  G01N31/12

CPC classification number: G01N30/12 ,  G01N31/12 ,  G01N2030/125 ,  G01N30/14 ,  G01N30/30

Abstract: A pyrolyzer for gas chromatography having a subsidiary heater and a main heater. The subsidiary heater is set below the pyrolysis temperature of the sample, e.g., at 300 degrees centigrade, to drive volatile components from the sample. The main heater is set at a pyrolysis temperature to pyrolize the sample, e.g., at 600 degrees centigrade. The sample is placed in the pyrolyzer in a sample vessel that can be positioned to be heated by main heater, the subsidiary heater and a position not heated by either the main heater or the subsidiary heater.

Abstract translation: 用于气相色谱的热解器，具有辅助加热器和主加热器。 辅助加热器设置在样品的热解温度以下，例如在300摄氏度，以驱动来自样品的挥发性组分。 将主加热器设定在热解温度以使样品热解，例如在600摄氏度。 将样品放置在样品容器中的热解器中，该样品容器可定位成由主加热器，辅助加热器和不被主加热器或辅助加热器加热的位置加热。