摘要:
A photocatalyst can be regenerated with increasing efficiency, turnover number and turnover frequency in the presence of air by irradiating the photocatalyst with a first range of wavelengths of light that excite the photocatalyst to an intermediate and irradiating the intermediate with a second range of wavelengths of light that turns the intermediate to the photocatalyst.
摘要:
A chemical sensor may include an electrode array for electrically interfacing with a fluid sample. The sensor can apply an electrical potential to the sample in order to effect a current flow within the sample. The sensor can measure the resulting current through the sample and determine characteristics about the fluid sample from the current measurement. In one mode of operation of the sensor, the applied electrical potential can be controlled to cause desired electrochemical reactions, such as oxidation or reduction, to occur within the sample to determine the concentration of the oxidized or reduced sample constituent. In another mode of operation, the applied electrical potential causes a current to flow simply due to the conductivity of the sample. In various embodiments, the sensor comprises a controller and a switch for switching between various modes of operation and applying appropriate electric potentials to the sample.
摘要:
1. A compound of the formula WHEREIN Q is an atom in its highest oxidation state, said atom being selected from the class consisting of carbon and phosphorus, Rf is selected from the class consisting of fluorine and perfluoroalkyl radicals, m is 1-5 and n is zero to 2; and when Q is carbon and n is zero, Rf is perfluoroalkyl and includes Q. 2. Trifluoromethyl peroxyfluoride having the formula
摘要:
Methods for analyzing a fluid sample can include providing a sensor comprising a non-conductive housing and having a first face and an electrode array mounted in the first face. The method can include disposing the first face of the housing into a fluid sample to be analyzed, selecting a mode of operation, and initiating sensor operation. Modes of operation can include electrochemical operation and conductivity analysis, and can be selected via positioning a switch. The method can include receiving information from the sensor regarding at least one parameter of the fluid. Such parameters can include a concentration of a target constituent in the fluid sample, combined concentrations of different species within the fluid sample, and/or information indicative of the conductivity of the fluid sample.
摘要:
An aqueous emulsion composition of organic peroxide, including from 10 to 65% by weight of one or a plurality of organic peroxides, from 2 to 25% by weight of at least one antifreeze agent, from 0.01 to 10% by weight of at least one emulsifying agent, optionally at least one additive, water, of which the quantity is defined in order to form the remainder of the total composition (100%), wherein the emulsifying agent is a colloid agent of a polyvinyl acetate having a degree of hydrolysis greater than 80% and a viscosity, measured in solution in water at 4% by weight at 20° C., less than or equal to 5 mPa·s, said viscosity being measured with a Brookfield RVT viscometer, needle no. 3, 20 rpm, in accordance with the ISO 2555 standard. Also, to the method of preparing same and the use thereof.
摘要:
The formation of predominantly primary aliphatic perchlorates and trifluoethanesulfonates by reacting the corresponding silver salt with primary aliphatic halides in benzene at a temperature from about 5.degree. C. to about 50.degree. C. Primary aliphatic perchlorates and trifluoromethanesulfonates are excellent alkylating agents for amines, alcohols, and nitroalcohols.
摘要:
HYDROCARBYL PERCHLORATES ARE PREPARED BY CONTACTING CERTAIN KINDS OF FEED REACTANTS WITH PERCHLORIC ACID IN AN EMULSION COMPRISING A STRONG SULFURIC ACID PHASE AND AN ORGANIC PHASE COMPRISING AN INERT ORGANIC SOLVENT. THE FEED REACTANTS CAN BE ALKENES, CYCLOALKENES, ALKANOLS, CYCLOALKANOLS, AND CERTAIN ARALKENES AND ARALKANOLS. THE PERCHLORIC ACID CAN BE GENERATED IN SITU IN THE MIXTURE BY REACTION OF THE PERCHLORATE METAL SALT WITH THE SULFURIC ACID. THE HYDROCARBYL PERCHLORATE PRODUCTS HAVE UTILITY AS DETONATABLE SENSITIZERS FOR EXPLOSIVES AND AS ALKYLATING AGENTS.
摘要:
This application refers to Organic Peroxides of the Dialcyl, Perester, Perketal, and Dialkyl classes, which were modified to resist to oxygen, destined to be used in the process of production of Power Wires and Cables, Shapes, flocculated, compact and spongeous, used for the assembly of sealing of doors, trunks and windows in the automobile industry and civil construction, and also in the process of continuous vulcanization in hot air tunnel, in presence of oxygen, with the application of modified Organic Peroxides.