摘要:
A developing solution for photolithography in which tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) is used as an alkaline agent of the developing solution and deposition of TBAH is suppressed. A method for producing a developing solution for photolithography capable of suppressing TBAH deposition when producing the developing solution by diluting a concentrated developing solution containing TBAH and a production apparatus used for the production method. The developing solution includes tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and at least one of a water-soluble organic solvent, a surfactant, and a clathrate compound. The temperature of the liquid is maintained at 27° C. or higher during dilution.
摘要:
A method of and system for treating water to reduce the level of trihalomethanes or other volatile contaminants such as radon includes the water to be treated (WTBT) being sprayed through a nozzle to aerate the WTBT to increase the air/water interface therein reducing the level of trihalomethanes in the water. In one embodiment, the pressure of the WTBT in the nozzle is adjusted and the nozzle is selected to have a nozzle orifice such that the droplet size of the water to be treated from the nozzle is less than 2000 microns SMD. In addition, the nozzle is spaced from a holding tank for receiving and collecting the sprayed water such that the surface of the treated water is specified at a particular distance based on desired treatment goals.
摘要:
The system and method reduces volatile organic compound concentration in a water distribution system using pressurized diffused aeration. The system and method is used in-line in a water distribution system. The system and method can be used at the ends of the distribution system where volatile organic compounds, including trihalomethanes, are more likely to persist. The system and method of pressurized, diffused aeration reduces volatile organic compounds from groundwater remediation systems as well.
摘要:
A method for producing a color powder, the method comprising dry mixing a pigment powder with a base powder while applying heat, so as to bring the base powder to an adhesive state while the pigment powder remains in a stable state, thereby forming a color powder having agglomerates essentially each comprising a component of the base powder and a component of the ground pigment powder.
摘要:
A method of exhaust gas denitration in which nitrogen oxides contained in a low-temperature exhaust gas are removed at a high NOx removal efficiency. A injection pipe (11) is disposed in a flue (10) for an exhaust gas (x) so that the pipe protrudes from the inner wall of the flue. A hydrocarbon compound (b) and a nitrogen compound (a) are supplied through the injection pipe (11) into the flue (10). The hydrocarbon compound (b) is burned to form a combustion region (s). In this combustion region (s), amine radicals are produced from the nitrogen compound (a). These amine radicals are mixed with nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas (x) to reductively remove the nitrogen oxides.
摘要:
An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for adding a liquid in a mixing process. The apparatus in the described embodiments includes a liquid inlet, a continuous flow heater, a holding tank, a support structure, and a metering device. The continuous flow heater is coupled to the liquid inlet. The holding tank is adapted to be coupled to the continuous flow heater and to receive heated liquid from the continuous flow heater. The support structure is configured to support the holding tank at a height greater than approximately four feet above a ground level. The metering device is coupled to the holding tank and has an indicator for identifying an amount of liquid dispensed from the holding tank.
摘要:
A process for preparing a hydrocarbon in water emulsion, comprising the steps of providing a liquid additive that tends to gel when mixed with water at temperatures less than a gelling temperature TG; providing a stream of water at a temperature TC less than the gelling temperature TG; feeding said stream to a mixer having a mixer inlet so as to impart energy to the stream; adding the liquid additive to the stream downstream of the mixer inlet, whereby the liquid additive mixes with the stream and the energy inhibits gelling of the liquid additive so as to provide a substantially homogeneous solution of the liquid additive in the water; and mixing the solution with a hydrocarbon in a mixer so as to form a hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion. In further accordance with the invention, different emulsions can be formed and combined so as to provide a combined emulsion having desired properties.
摘要:
Disclosed are improved methods for producing solid powdered theacrine compositions that are virtually flavorless and improved theacrine compositions.
摘要:
Provided in one embodiment is a method of making, comprising: exposing a raw material having a first viscosity to a first pressure and a first temperature such that the raw material after the exposure has a second viscosity, wherein the raw material comprises particles comprising at least one electrically conductive material, and wherein the second viscosity is sufficiently low for the raw material to be adapted for a hydrodynamic cavitation process; and subjecting the raw material having the second viscosity to the hydrodynamic cavitation process to make a product material having a third viscosity. Apparatus employed to apply the method and the exemplary compositions made in accordance with the method are also provided.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing a cooling lubricant mixture (2) for cooling and lubricating a working region (8) of a forming apparatus (5) for forming semi-finished products, in particular semi-finished products and forming tools, in which the cooling lubricant mixture (2) is mixed from at least two liquids (27, 29), and in which at least one of the liquids (27, 29) is preheated prior to the mixing with the other of the liquids (27, 29), wherein, for the preheating of the at least one of the liquids (27, 29), thermal energy (44) inherent to a used cooling lubricant mixture (2A) is at least partially transmitted to the at least one of the liquids (27, 29).