Abstract:
This is a cold-rolled steel sheet includes, by mass %, C: 0.02% to 0.4%, Si: 0.001% to 2.5%, Mn: 0.001% to 4.0%, and Al: 0.001% to 2.0%. The sum of the Si content and the Al content is 1.0% to 4.5%. An average pole density of an orientation group from {100} to {223} is 1.0 to 6.5, and a pole density of a crystal orientation {332} is 1.0 to 5.0. A microstructure includes, by an area ratio %, 5% to 80% of ferrite, 5% to 80% of bainite, and 2% to 30% of retained austenite. In the microstructure, by an area ratio %, martensite is limited to 20% or less, pearlite is limited to 10% or less, and tempered martensite is limited to 60% or less.
Abstract:
In a hot-rolled steel sheet, an average pole density of an orientation group of {100} to {223} , which is represented by an arithmetic average of pole density of each orientation of {100} , {116} , {114} , {112} , and {223} in a center portion of a sheet thickness which is a range of the sheet thickness of ⅝ to ⅜ from a surface of the steel sheet, is 1.0 or more and 4.0 or less, the pole density of a crystal orientation of {332} is 1.0 or more and 4.8 or less, an average grain size in a center in the sheet thickness is 10 μm or less, and a microstructure includes, by a structural fraction, pearlite more than 6% and ferrite in the balance.
Abstract:
A display which thickness is allowed to be reduced is provided. A display includes: a display panel; and a back-face member having rigidity and provided on a back face of the display panel, the back-face member covering the back face, or the back face and other part of the display panel.
Abstract:
In a device and a method for transmitting data between a position-measuring device and sequential electronics via a data-transmission channel, the position-measuring device includes an interface unit and a processing unit, the interface unit being connected first of all to the data-transmission channel, and secondly, to the processing unit for the purpose of an internal data exchange with the aid of a request channel and a response channel. The interface unit includes a command interpreter by which, using conversion rules, commands which arrive via the data-transmission channel are convertible into internal requests and are able to be fed via the request channel to the processing unit, and response data which arrives from the processing unit via the response channel is convertible into output data. The interface unit further includes a rules memory for storing the conversion rules, which is at least partially modifiable.
Abstract:
A fixing device includes a fixing rotary body and a heater disposed opposite the fixing rotary body. A heat shield is movable in a circumferential direction of the fixing rotary body and interposed between the heater and the fixing rotary body to shield the fixing rotary body from the heater. An overheating suppressor is interposed between the heater and the heat shield to shield the heat shield from the heater. The heat shield includes an intermediate portion spanning in the circumferential direction of the fixing rotary body and movable between a shield position where the intermediate portion is disposed opposite the heater directly and a retracted position where the intermediate portion is disposed opposite the heater via the overheating suppressor.
Abstract:
A fixing device includes a fixing rotary body and a heater disposed opposite and heating the fixing rotary body. A nip formation assembly presses against an opposed body via the fixing rotary body to form a fixing nip between the fixing rotary body and the opposed body, through which a recording medium is conveyed. A movable heat shield movable in a circumferential direction of the fixing rotary body is interposed between the heater and the fixing rotary body to shield the fixing rotary body from the heater in a variable axial span of the fixing rotary body. A stationary heat shield, interposed between the heater and the fixing rotary body to shield the fixing rotary body from the heater, is disposed outboard from a lateral edge of a heat generator of the heater in an axial direction of the fixing rotary body.
Abstract:
A shock-absorbing member 18a comprises combined held sections 33 that are located at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction and that comprise paired held sections 25a, 25b, and is constructed so as to have a non-circular cylindrical shape in the cross section by arranging portions where outer-diameter side end sections of the held sections 25a, 25b that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are made continuous by way of outer-diameter side cover sections 31, and portions where inner-diameter side end sections of the held sections 25a, 25b that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are made continuous directly or by way of inner-diameter side cover sections 32, in an alternating sequence in the circumferential direction. Drive-side arm sections 21a are placed between the paired held sections 25a, 25b, driven-side arm sections 23a are placed between the combined held sections 33, and the outer circumferential surfaces of the drive-side arm sections 21a are covered by the outer-diameter side cover sections 31.
Abstract:
A fixing device includes a fixing rotator heated by a heater and a pressing rotator pressed against the fixing rotator to form a fixing nip therebetween, through which a recording medium bearing a toner image is conveyed. A heat shield interposed between the heater and the fixing rotator is movable in a circumferential direction of the fixing rotator to shield the fixing rotator from the heater in a variable axial shield span of the fixing rotator. The fixing rotator performs fixing rotation to convey the recording medium through the fixing nip while heating the recording medium and supplemental rotation other than fixing rotation. The heat shield moves to a decreased shield span position where the heat shield shields the fixing rotator from the heater in a decreased axial shield span of the fixing rotator during supplemental rotation thereof.
Abstract:
Construction of an electric power-steering apparatus is achieved that, by stably suppressing backlash of an output shaft 6a of an electric motor 5 over a long period of time, is able to stably reduce vibration and strange noise that occurs during operation. The front end section of the output shaft 6a and the base end section of a worm 7 are connected such that torque can be transmitted and such that relative displacement in the axial direction is possible. An elastic member 31 having an elastic force in a direction that separates the output shaft 6a and worm 7 is provided in the connecting section between the output shaft 6a and the worm 7. Due to the elastic force of the elastic member 31, together with the tandem arrangement contact angles, the preload is applied to a pair of ball bearings 14a, 14b that support the output shaft 6a with respect to the motor case 13 such that the output shaft 6a can rotate freely.
Abstract:
A fixing device includes a fixing rotary body, an opposed member, a heater, and a heating controller. The opposed member opposes the fixing rotary body to form a nipping portion therebetween. The heater includes heat generators arranged in a width direction of a recording medium. When the recording medium fed to the nipping portion has an image area and a non-image area, the heating controller controls the outputs of the heat generators based on image information so that a first heat generator of the heat generators corresponding to the image area is higher in temperature and a second heat generator of the heat generators corresponding to the non-image area is lower in temperature. Based on information other than the image information, the heating controller temporarily shifts an area of the fixing rotary body corresponding to the non-image area to a temperature differing from a normal temperature.