Abstract:
The invention provides an integrated optical waveguide sensor module (200) with reduced signal modulation and increased sensitivity. An optical waveguide sensor module (200) comprises an optically transparent substrate (210) having a first and a second interface and an optical waveguide film (220) disposed on the substrate (210) with the first interface (225) therebetween, wherein the film (220) comprises at least one grating pad (235) that is optically coupled therewith. The substrate (210) and the optical waveguide film (220) are configured to reduce parasitic interference within the substrate.
Abstract:
An optical layer structure having at least two layers and also a sensor based on this layer structure are described. The layer structure comprises at least a substrate layer and at least one (light) waveguide layer and a coupling element for the coupling of the optical beam, the layer adjacent to the waveguide layer having a smaller refractive index than the waveguide layer, and at least one layer consisting of a photoaddressable polymer.
Abstract:
A method that allows a plurality of variables to be measured with the aid of an integrated optical sensor module. Because all the components necessary for carrying out the method are integrated on the same substrate, the sensor becomes small, compact, stable, malfunction-free and economical. The sensor module substantially comprises a sensor field, an analyzer, and an information field. The method comprises making the variables to be measured interact in sensor fields with guided waves, analyzing the effect on the wave, determining from that the value of the measuring variables, and displaying the results in the information field.
Abstract:
Optical smoke detectors such as extinction smoke detectors and scattered-light smoke detectors include a radiation source, a radiation detector or receiver, and a measurement volume which is in communication with ambient atmosphere and which is traversed by a light path from the radiation source to the radiation receiver. For compactness and simplicity, such an optical smoke detector is provided with a planar-optical element in the optical path. Suitable as planar-optical elements are diffractive elements, e.g., holographic-optical elements (HOE), and micro-Fresnel elements (MFE), e.g., micro-Fresnel reflectors (MFR).
Abstract:
Focusing of a light beam on an object is effected by two mutually complementary techniques: in the first technique the beam spot on the object is reproduced on several measuring diaphragms arranged at different distances from the image plane and the light not blocked by the measuring diaphragms is evaluated for the detection of the focal point. This technique is highly sensitive and reacts rapidly. It is used for the continuous setting and resetting of focusing. The second technique utilizes the phenomenon of "speckling". Herein the light back scattered by the beam spot is evaluated for its granulation and optimum focusing determined as a function of the maximum coarseness of granulation. This second technique is insensitive to alignment and is thus used to calibrate the first technique. Both methods together yield a highly sensitive, precise and stable focusing system satisfying all practical requirements to a high degree.
Abstract:
A pixel is formed in a semiconductor substrate (S) with a plane surface for use in a photodetector. It comprises an active region for converting incident light (In) into charge carriers, photogates (PGL, PGM, PGR) for generating a lateral electric potential (Φ(x)) across the active region, and an integration gate (IG) for storing charge carriers generated in the active region and a dump site (Ddiff). The pixel further comprises separation-enhancing means (SL) for additionally enhancing charge separation in the active region and charge transport from the active region to the integration gate (IG). The separation-enhancing means (SL) are for instance a shield layer designed such that for a given lateral electric potential (Φ(x)), the incident light (In) does not impinge on the section from which the charge carriers would not be transported to the integration gate (IG).
Abstract:
This document describes an optical sensor unit and a procedure for the specific detection and identification of biomolecules at high sensitivity in real fluids and tissue homogenates. High detection limits are reached by the combination of i) label-free integrated optical detection of molecular interactions, ii) the use of specific bioconstituents for sensitive detection and iii) planar optical transducer surfaces appropriately engineered for suppression of non-specific binding, internal referencing and calibration. Applications include the detection of prion proteins and identification of those biomolecules which non-covalently interact with surface immobilized prion proteins and are intrinsically involved in the cause of prion related disease.
Abstract:
On an essentially non-absorbing plate located in the focal plane of a laser beam to be adjusted, a plurality of marks is arranged in a definite pattern. The marks deflect the laser light incident upon them by refraction, scattering, diffraction or otherwise, and direct the deflected light onto one or several laser detectors. The detectors convert the light received into corresponding electrical signals which may used for the fine adjustment of the laser beam by an evaluating electronic device.
Abstract:
In the resonator of a laser generator, variable mode selective structure is provided to permit electrically actuated adaptation of beam parameters to required operating conditions. Such structure can be implemented with one or more pivotal plates, each having a different aperture, that are selectively pivoted into the beam path to effectively provide a variable mode diaphragm. In another embodiment, a spatial light modulator comprising a reversing prism with a variable position concave plate positioned adjacent its reflection surface and operating according to the optical tunnel effect can be used to selectively vary the effective diameter of the laser beam.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing special supramolecular assemblies of colorants, in particular cyanine dyes, called J aggregates. The inventive method consists in depositing a monolayer of dendrimers on a support and subsequently in deposing cyanines in solution for forming the organised monolayer of J aggregates. Said method can be used for producing a secondary light source (28) for injecting light into a waveguide (24) from a light energy received from a primary light source (30) emitting at different wavelength. The secondary source, which consists of the J aggregates incorporating energy acceptors, can be also integrated into an optical device (23) incorporating the waveguide.