公开(公告)号：US07182077B2

公开(公告)日：2007-02-27

申请号：US11438946

申请日：2006-05-23

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward

IPC: F02P3/02

CPC classification number: F02P3/0838 ,  F02P3/0435 ,  F02P15/12

Abstract: A high energy density and high efficiency inductive ignition coil for IC engine achieved by the use of biasing magnets (14/15) located at the end (16/17) of an open-E laminated core to raise the coil energy to five times typical, i.e. of approximately 150 mj and to double the coil efficiency including novel use of coil winding structure (12/13/20/21) with a primary winding turns (Np) of between 70 and 86 and primary inductance Lp of between 700 uH and 1,100 uH, and a low turns ratio (Nt) of 53 to 67 allowing for a short, efficient, cylindrical coil, with secondary turns (Ns) of 4,000 to 5,000 turns with current of approximately 330 ma which is predominantly in the high glow and low arc discharge mode, with a special ratio R defined as Np/Nt and equal to between 1.15 to 1.45, and the coil being small and light enough to be directly mounted on the spark plugs or near the plugs in a region of high squish flow in an engine.

Abstract translation: 用于IC发动机的高能量密度和高效率感应点火线圈通过使用位于开口E层叠铁芯的端部（16/17）处的偏置磁体（14/15）而实现，以将线圈能量提高到典型的五倍 ，即约150mj，并且使线圈效率增加一倍，包括新颖使用线圈绕组结构（12/13/20/21），初级绕组匝数（Np）在70和86之间，初级电感Lp在700uH与 低匝数比（Nt）为53至67，允许短且有效的圆柱形线圈，次级匝数（Ns）为4000至5000匝，电流大约为330ma，主要处于高辉度， 低电弧放电模式，特殊比例R定义为Np / Nt，等于1.15至1.45，线圈体积小，重量轻，可直接安装在火花塞或插头附近的高挤压区域 在发动机。

公开(公告)号：US06584965B1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-01

申请号：US09622659

申请日：2000-10-06

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward

IPC: F02P308

CPC classification number: F02P3/0884 ,  F02P3/02 ,  F02P3/0876

Abstract: Capacitive discharge system for ignitors of internal combustion engines with one ignition coil (T) per ignitor with one or more capacitors (6) and shunt switch means (5) associated with each such coil, together forming a coil primary ignition circuit of Type II topology and resonance oscillation capability, each switch means being a series combination of shunt diode (D) means and switch (SD) across the coils primary winding, with a voltage drop element (Vdb) across switch SD, the system constructed to produce capacitive ignition initial spark discharge of duration less than a quarter period of the resonance oscillation of the primary ignition circuit followed by an essentially triangular distribution decaying spark discharge of longer duration than the initial discharge, with switch SD to be turned off near or after spark circuit zero to divert residual primary discharge circuit through the voltage drop element.

Abstract translation: 具有一个点火线圈（T）的内燃机的电容放电系统，每个点火线圈（T）与一个或多个电容器（6）和与每个这样的线圈相关联的分流开关装置（5），一起形成II型拓扑的线圈初级点火电路 和谐振振荡能力，每个开关装置是跨越线圈初级绕组的并联二极管（D）装置和开关（SD）的串联组合，具有跨开关SD的电压降元件（Vdb），该系统构造成产生电容点火初始 火花放电持续时间小于初级点火电路的谐振振荡的四分之一周期，之后是基本上三角形的分布，衰减比初始放电持续时间更长的火花放电，其中开关SD在火花放电回路附近或之后关闭以转向 剩余的一次放电电路通过电压降元件。

公开(公告)号：US06267107B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09496146

申请日：2000-02-01

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward

IPC: F02B2308

CPC classification number: F02B31/085 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B2023/085 ,  F02B2275/32 ,  F02B2275/40 ,  F02B2275/48 ,  Y02T10/12 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y02T10/142 ,  Y02T10/146

Abstract: An improved ignition-combustion system for internal combustion engines comprising a compact combustion chamber zone (4) in the engine cylinder head (6) mainly under the exhaust valve (8) and with large air-squish zones (124a, 124b) formed at the edge of the combustion zone which produce colliding squish flows (2, 2a, 3a, 3b) with high turbulence (3c) at the center of the combustion zone, with one or two spark plugs (12a/118, 12b/18a) located at the edge of the combustion zone within the high squish zones, resulting in a combined ignition and combustion system of colliding-flow-coupled-spark discharge (CFCSD), with the ignition employing high energy flow-resistant ignition sparks which move under the influence of the squish flow towards the central turbulence region as the piston nears engine top center, to produce rapid and complete burning of lean and high EGR mixtures for best engine efficiency and lowest emissions.

Abstract translation: 一种用于内燃机的改进的点火燃烧系统，其主要在排气阀（8）下方的发动机气缸盖（6）中具有致密的燃烧室区域（4），以及形成在所述排气阀（8）上的大的空气压缩区（124a，124b） 燃烧区的边缘，其在燃烧区的中心处产生具有高湍流（3c）的碰撞挤压流（2,2a，3a，3b），其中一个或两个火花塞（12a / 118,12b / 18a）位于 燃烧区的边缘在高的挤压区域内，导致碰撞流动耦合火花放电（CFCSD）的联合点火和燃烧系统，其点火采用高能量流动阻止的点火火花，其在 当活塞靠近发动机顶部中心时，朝向中央湍流区域的挤压流动，以产生精益和高EGR混合物的快速和完全燃烧，以获得最佳发动机效率和最低排放。

公开(公告)号：US5947093A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

申请号：US969037

申请日：1997-11-12

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward

IPC: F02P3/04 ,  F02P3/08 ,  F02P15/08

CPC classification number: F02P3/04 ,  F02P3/005 ,  F02P3/08

Abstract: An improved high energy high efficiency hybrid capacitive/inductive ignition system with one or coils Ti for internal combustion engines employing one or more energy storage capacitor means (4) shunted by diode means (9), with high leakage inductor means (3a) of coils Ti with which have their primary (1a) and secondary (1b) windings wound side-by-side on a single segmented bobbin 72, unidirectional switches Si for each coil Ti which are preferably IGBTs, and high efficiency shunt diode/switch means SDi for each coil Ti shunting the primary winding of each coil Ti, so that, following production of an initial quarter cycle capacitive spark with peak current in the 0.2 to 3 amp arc discharge range, there is a decaying inductive unidirectional flow-resistant spark flowing through shunt switch means SDi.

Abstract translation: 一种改进的高能量高效率混合电容/感应点火系统，其具有用于内燃机的一个或线圈Ti，其采用由二极管装置（9）分流的一个或多个储能电容器装置（4），具有线圈的高漏电感器（3a） 其单原子（1a）和次级（1b）绕组具有在单个分段线轴72上并排缠绕的Ti，对于优选为IGBT的每个线圈Ti单向开关Si，以及高效并联二极管/开关装置SDi， 每个线圈Ti分流每个线圈Ti的初级绕组，使得在产生初始四分之一周期的电容性火花中，峰值电流在0.2至3安弧电弧放电范围内，存在衰减的感应单向流动阻力火花流过分流 开关装置SDi。

公开(公告)号：US5211147A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-18

申请号：US685057

申请日：1991-04-15

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward

IPC: F02B17/00 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B31/00 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02D13/00 ,  F02D41/30 ,  F02M25/07 ,  F02P5/04

CPC classification number: F02D13/00 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B31/00 ,  F02D41/3023 ,  F02M26/41 ,  F02P5/045 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02M2026/004 ,  F02M2026/009 ,  Y02T10/12 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y02T10/146 ,  Y02T10/18

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system with combustion chamber (11) of the upper-half-clam-shell type in which is generated both swirl and squish and microscale turbulence near the center of the chamber where is located a toroidal gap spark plug (18) fired according to a lean-burn-timing prescription to deliver rapidly moving spark pulses (24) of high power and energy into a very lean reverse stratified mixture further diluted with exhaust gas residual for further reducing NOx emissions while maintaining low HC emissions and high engine efficiency.

Abstract translation: 具有上半壳型燃烧室（11）的内燃机系统在其中心附近产生涡旋和挤压和微小的湍流，其中定位在环形间隙火花塞（18）被点燃 根据稀燃时间处方，将高功率和能量的快速移动的火花脉冲（24）输送到进一步用废气残余进一步稀释的非常贫的反向分层混合物中，以进一步减少NOx排放，同时保持低HC排放和高发动机效率 。

公开(公告)号：US5131376A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-21

申请号：US684595

申请日：1991-04-12

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward ,  Winfield Hill ,  Fred Kern

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward ,  Winfield Hill ,  Fred Kern

IPC: F02P3/08 ,  F02P7/03

CPC classification number: F02P3/0838 ,  F02P3/0884 ,  F02P7/035

Abstract: A high power high energy distributorless ignition system for multicylinder internal combustion engines using a single energy storage capacitor (4), a single leakage resonating inductor (20) with a switch SS partially or entirely across it, and one or more coils Ti with bi-directional switches Si and with single or double hith voltage outputs, the system defining a compact coil assembly powered by a resonant converter power supply (12), the ignition power delivery controlled by means of circuitry based on a robust gate (17), an oscillator (19), and steering circuitry (21).

Abstract translation: 一种用于使用单个储能电容器（4）的多缸内燃机的高功率高能量无分配器点火系统，具有部分或全部穿过其的开关SS的单个泄漏谐振电感器（20） 方向开关Si和单个或双重电压输出，该系统限定由谐振转换器电源（12）供电的紧凑型线圈组件，通过基于鲁棒栅极（17）的电路控制点火功率传递，振荡器 （19）和转向电路（21）。

公开(公告)号：US4561406A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-31

申请号：US614338

申请日：1984-05-25

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward

IPC: F02B1/04 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B51/00 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02F1/24 ,  F02P23/04 ,  F02P1/00

CPC classification number: F02P23/04 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B51/00 ,  F02F1/242 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2023/085 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/125

Abstract: An internal combustion engine combustion chamber suitable for electromagnetic stimulation of combustion which has been improved by the addition of combustion chamber periphery extensions (wings) filled with dielectric material. The wing dimensions and filler dielectric material are chosen to allow for specification of the chamber EM resonant frequency, preferably at a frequency in the UHF range (where low cost DC operated devices can be used) and at an industrial allocated frequency. The wing chamber EM resonant modes are further designed to place relatively high electrical currents at the wing tips (which are totally closed surfaces), and low EM currents at the piston-cylinder gaps, thus eliminating the need for EM chokes. The EM feature of the chamber is further improved by shaping the piston face and/or cylinder head face in conjunction with the wing design to further lower the EM operating frequency and improve frequency stability with respect to piston motion about TDC. EM resonsant modes with high EM currents at the center of the chamber are preferably excited, which further improves frequency stability and EM coupling to the flame front plasma, especially when used with ceramic heat barrier coatings on the piston and cylinder faces. The engine uses dual plasma ignition and a simple EM loop coupler at the wing tip to introduce the EM energy which is modulated to minimize formation of unwanted plasma discharges. The engine uses an extremely lean mixture and minimal cooling for highest efficiency, lowest emissions, lightest weight and simplest design and operation.

Abstract translation: 适用于燃烧电磁刺激的内燃机燃烧室，其通过添加填充有电介质材料的燃烧室周向延伸部（翼）而得到改善。 选择翼尺寸和填充介电材料以允许室EM谐振频率的规格，优选在UHF范围内的频率（其中可以使用低成本DC操作的装置）和工业分配频率。 翼室EM谐振模式被进一步设计成在翼尖（其是完全封闭的表面）处放置相对较高的电流，并且在活塞 - 气缸间隙处具有低EM电流，因此不需要EM扼流圈。 通过与机翼设计一起使活塞面和/或气缸盖面成形，以进一步降低EM工作频率并提高关于TDC的活塞运动的频率稳定性，进一步提高了室的EM特征。 优选地，在室的中心处具有高EM电流的EM谐振模式被激发，这进一步提高了与火焰前等离子体的频率稳定性和EM耦合，特别是当与活塞和气缸面上的陶瓷隔热涂层一起使用时。 发动机在翼尖使用双等离子体点火和简单的EM回路耦合器来引入EM能量，该能量被调制以最小化不希望的等离子体放电的形成。 发动机使用极其稀薄的混合物和最小的冷却效率，最低的排放，最轻的重量和最简单的设计和操作。

公开(公告)号：US4230448A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-28

申请号：US38434

申请日：1979-05-14

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward ,  Fred R. Kern

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward ,  Fred R. Kern

IPC: F23C99/00 ,  F23D11/44 ,  H05B6/80 ,  F23Q3/00

CPC classification number: F23D11/44 ,  F23C99/001 ,  H05B6/80

Abstract: An oil burner with a combustion chamber has a microwave energy source connected to the fuel supply line to heat the fuel and connected to the air supply line to apply an electric field at the nozzle to the fuel spray and the area of combustion in the combustion chamber.

Abstract translation: 具有燃烧室的油燃烧器具有连接到燃料供应管线的微波能源，以加热燃料并连接到供气管线，以将喷嘴处的电场施加到燃料喷雾和燃烧室中的燃烧区域 。

公开(公告)号：US08082908B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-27

申请号：US12319982

申请日：2009-01-14

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward

IPC: F02D41/34

CPC classification number: F02B23/08 ,  F01L1/022 ,  F01L1/024 ,  F01L1/0532 ,  F01L2003/256 ,  F02B2023/085 ,  F02B2275/40 ,  F02F2001/247 ,  F02M35/10268 ,  F02M35/1047 ,  F02M35/108 ,  F02M35/112 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y02T10/146

Abstract: An ignition-engine system for internal combustion engines having two-valves per cylinder (100) with a larger intake valve (103) and a smaller exhaust valve (104) in a longitudinal layout with a single camshaft (118) operating bucketed valve stems 103a and 104a that are vertical, with the valves making up essentially the roof of the combustion chamber and having a volume essentially under the intake valve of approximately 35% of the combustion chamber and a volume under the exhaust valve of approximately 65%, and two spark plugs per cylinder with plugs (102a) and (102b) located at the edge of two opposite squish-zones (105) of a compact combustion chamber, wherein the air-flow near TC is channeled between the two large squish-lands (101a) and (101b) wherein the cross-section of the channel is approximately constant of average width “W’, resulting in a relatively more compact combustion chamber having squish-lands take up approximately ⅓ of the projected bore area of the cylinder and the more compact channel to be approximately ⅔ of the bore area, wherein as the piston approaches ignition it provides an approximately orthogonal-to-the-main-flow (109) through the action of the squish walls which have a clearance of only about 0.06 inches with the piston at top center for improving knocking by moving the spark-flame kernel toward the hotter exhaust valve.

Abstract translation: 一种用于内燃机的点火发动机系统，其具有每缸（100）的两个阀，具有较大的进气门（103）和一个具有较小排气门（104）的纵向布置，具有单个凸轮轴（118）操作的桶形阀杆103a 和104a，其中阀门基本上构成燃烧室的顶部，并且具有基本上位于燃烧室的大约35％的进气门的下方的体积和大约65％的排气阀下方的体积，以及两个火花 每个气缸的插头具有位于致密燃烧室的两个相对挤压区域（105）的边缘处的塞子（102a）和（102b），其中TC附近的空气流引导在两个大的挤压区域（101a）之间， 和（101b），其中通道的横截面几乎是平均宽度“W”的恒定，导致具有挤压面的相对更紧凑的燃烧室占据气缸a的投影孔面积的大约1/3 并且更紧凑的通道大约为钻孔面积的，，其中随着活塞接近点火，其通过挤压壁的作用提供大致正交的主流（109），其间隙仅为约 0.06英寸，活塞位于顶部中心，用于通过将火花塞内核移向较热的排气阀来改善爆震。

公开(公告)号：US07318397B2

公开(公告)日：2008-01-15

申请号：US11139745

申请日：2005-05-27

Applicant: Michael A. V. Ward

Inventor： Michael A. V. Ward

IPC: F02D75/04 ,  F02D15/04 ,  F02B75/32 ,  F02B41/00

CPC classification number: F02B75/048 ,  F02B75/04 ,  F02B75/044

Abstract: A piston (10), a spring (15) operatively coupled to a piston, the spring being inside (21) or outside (41) the piston, and if the spring is inside the piston, the diameter of the spring is equal to 0.7 to 0.9, and if it is outside of the piston it is an external coil spring which is outside the cylinder which contains the piston and is able to provide a force of thousands of pounds per inch, and furthermore so that at light load the compression ratio (CR) is greater than 13 to 1 designated as CR0, at medium load has a compression ratio less then CR0 but greater than CReff, and at wide open throttle (WOT) has a CR equal to Creff, the CR is less than CR0 as would occur at medium or higher load which would lead to a flexing of the spring, and the cycle on the compression stroke is known as the HCX cycle where the pressure goes between Ppre and less than or equal to Pf.

Abstract translation: 活塞（10），可操作地联接到活塞的弹簧（15），弹簧在活塞的内部（21）或外部（41）中，并且如果弹簧在活塞内部，则弹簧的直径等于0.7 至0.9，如果在活塞外侧，则是外部螺旋弹簧，该外部螺旋弹簧在包含活塞的气缸外部，并能够提供每英寸千磅的力，此外，在轻负载下，压缩比 （CR）大于13到1，指定为CR 0，在中等载荷下的压缩比小于CR 0但大于CReff，而在大开度节气门（WOT）下，CR等于Creff，CR小于 CR 0将发生在中等或更高负载下，这将导致弹簧的弯曲，并且压缩行程上的循环被称为HCX循环，其中压力在Ppre和小于或等于Pf之间。