Abstract:
A sheet material includes a polycarbonate substrate and a protective coating containing the reaction products of an aminoplast resin, a polyol compound, and a UV-absorbing amount of a triazine compound. The sheet material exhibits an improved balance of abrasion resistance, solvent resistance, weatherability, and formability.
Abstract:
This invention relates to methods for testing elongation and cracking of coating arrays. The method includes simultaneously applying an elongating force to each of a plurality of coatings, and monitoring the coating integrity including cracks and thickness decrease in each coating. A relative performance characteristic of each coating is then determined based on a correlation between a detected crack and/or thickness decrease in the coating, and the corresponding elongating force.
Abstract:
A catalyst system for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a carbonylation catalyst system that includes a catalytic amount of an inorganic co-catalyst containing bismuth. In various alternative embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst system can include an effective amount of a palladium source and an effective amount of a halide composition. Further alternative embodiments can include catalytic amounts of various inorganic co-catalyst combinations.
Abstract:
In an exemplary embodiment, an application of combinatorial materials development with minimum materials development, minimum variance, and maximum integration is provided. The embodiment is directed to a method of project development of a combinatorial materials development process using DFSS techniques having four major elements. The first element is the use of a design for six sigma (DFSS) process mapping to convert a complex and disorganized process structure to an organized structure that can be further analyzed. The second element comprises the use of quality function deployment houses as a method of flowing critical to quality characteristics (CTQ) through a research project. The third element comprises a transfer function that connects the overall steps of the project to the output which is measured as variability not as mean. Score cards are used as the “function” to total the variabilities of each process step. The final element comprises an extension of design of experiment (DOE) techniques.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for quantifying structural defects of a coating composition on a given substrate, where certain structural defect-inducing tests are performed. In this method, a coating formulation is doped with a colorimetric or luminescent material. Concentration of the material depends on the quantum efficiency, excitation and emission wavelengths, and employed detection techniques, and can range from about 1 fM to about 1 mM. Before, during and/or after such tests, the coating is illuminated with a wavelength of radiation at which the reflected or transmitted color or emitted luminescence of the material in the coating is detectable with an optical detector or by visual inspection. In this fashion, the percentage of failure of the coating can be quantified as well as the level of interdiffusion of coating into substrate or substrate into coating. The method of the invention is thus particularly well-suited for the combinatorial analysis of an array of coating samples. Additionally, when the structural defect-inducing material test is being performed, the removed coating material can be analyzed in like fashion.
Abstract:
A method and catalyst system for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of carbonylating aromatic hydroxy compounds by contacting at least one aromatic hydroxy compound with oxygen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst system that includes a catalytic amount of an inorganic co-catalyst containing lead and a catalytic amount of an inorganic co-catalyst containing titanium. In various alternative embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst system can include an effective amount of a palladium source and an effective amount of a halide composition. Further alternative embodiments can include catalytic amounts of various inorganic co-catalyst combinations.
Abstract:
A method and catalyst system for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of carbonylating aromatic hydroxy compounds by contacting at least one aromatic hydroxy compound with oxygen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst system that includes a catalytic amount of an inorganic co-catalyst containing copper. In various alternative embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst system can include an effective amount of a palladium source and an effective amount of a halide composition. Further alternative embodiments can include catalytic amounts of various inorganic co-catalyst combinations.
Abstract:
A sheet material includes a polycarbonate substrate and a protective coating containing the reaction products of an aminoplast resin, a polyol compound, and a UV-absorbing amount of a triazine compound. The sheet material exhibits an improved balance of abrasion resistance, solvent resistance, weatherability, and formability.
Abstract:
A sheet material includes a polycarbonate substrate and a protective coating containing the reaction products of an aminoplast resin, a polyol compound, and a UV-absorbing amount of a triazine compound. The sheet material exhibits an improved balance of abrasion resistance, solvent resistance, weatherability, and formability. Methods of preparing the sheet material are described.
Abstract:
An experimental space comprising levels of factors is designed according to an incomplete block design and an experimental space comprising levels of factors is designed by random selection. Separate combinatorial high throughput screening experiments are effected on each experimental space to produce sets of results and best results are selected from the sets. A system for conducting an experiment includes a reactor for effecting a combinatorial high throughput screening method on an experimental space to produce results and a programmed controller that defines an experimental space comprising levels of factors according to an incomplete block design and defines an experimental space comprising levels of factors by random selection.