Abstract:
Disclosed is lithium iron phosphate having an olivine crystal structure, wherein the lithium iron phosphate has a composition represented by the following Formula 1 and carbon (C) is coated on the particle surface of the lithium iron phosphate containing a predetermined amount of sulfur (S). Li1+aFe1−xMx(PO4−b)Xb (1) (wherein M, X, a, x, and b are the same as defined in the specification).
Abstract:
A method for producing phosphates and/or compounds containing phosphates is provided, in particular alkaline-earth phosphates, alkaline-earth silicophosphates, and alkaline-earth oxides, comprising the following steps: (a) heating bones and/or fish bones or a composition of said components in a pyrolysis process in the absence of oxygen and under reductive conditions at temperatures between 500 and 1100° C., wherein among other things high-energy gases, vapors, and carbon are produced, (b) subsequently combusting the carbon produced in step (a) under oxidative conditions in an oxidation step, wherein an inorganic radical of alkaline-earth carbonates, alkaline-earth oxides, and alkaline-earth phosphates is produced.
Abstract:
Systems and methods of producing chemical compounds are disclosed. An example chemical production system includes a combustion chamber having intake ports for entry of a gas mixture. An igniter ignites the gas mixture in the intake chamber to facilitate a reaction at a high temperature and high pressure. A nozzle restricts exit of the ignited gas mixture from the combustion chamber. An expansion chamber cools the ignited gas. The expansion chamber has an exhaust where the cooled gas exits the expansion chamber. A chemical compound product is formed in the expansion chamber.
Abstract:
A method for removing and recovering phosphorus from a spent adsorbent medium to result in a regenerated medium and a phosphorus-containing solution useful as a fertilizer.
Abstract:
Lithium insertion compound having the following formula (I): LiαMβM1vM2wM3xM4yM5zBγ(XO4−εZε)1 (I) M is selected from V2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+ and Ni2+; M1 is selected from Na+ and K+; M2 is selected from Mg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ti2+, and Ca2+; M3 is selected from Al3+, Ti3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Mn3+, Ga3+, and V3+; M4 is selected from Ti4+, Ge4+, Sn4+, V4+, and Zr4+; M5 is selected from V5+, Nb5+, and Ta5+; X is an element in oxidation state m, exclusively occupying a tetrahedral site and coordinated by oxygen or a halogen, which is selected from B3+, Al3+, V5+, Si4+, P5+, S6+, Ge4+ and mixtures thereof; Z is a halogen selected from F, Cl, Br and I; the coefficients α, β, v, w, x, y, z, γ and ε are all positive and satisfy the following equations: 0≦α≦2 (1); 1≦β≦2 (2); 0
Abstract:
A method to operate a flash calcination unit with both atmosphere and temperature control is described for mineral processing requirements and other atmosphere controlled processes. The method can be used to process phosphate, gold ore or activated carbon. The critical steps of the method involve an initial mixing of fine material combined with stoichiometric burning using at least one staged combustion furnace in a vertically oriented suspension calcination furnace. This effects control of oxygen or atmosphere in the combustion furnace with attendant control of temperature in that furnace.
Abstract:
Crystals of compounds of the type (K, Rb, Tl, NH.sub.4)TiO(P, As)O.sub.4 with the proviso that when NH.sub.4 is present, As is absent, can be grown by hydrothermal methods. The crystals are optically biaxially positive, and piezoelectric and are useful in parametric amplifiers, oscillators, second harmonic generators, modulators and the like.