Device authentication using blockchain

    公开(公告)号:US12107966B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-10-01

    申请号:US17359546

    申请日:2021-06-26

    摘要: An unenrolled lightweight node is on a decentralized network with a trusted node and a plurality of peers. The unenrolled lightweight node and the peers run a lightweight blockchain consensus algorithm. The unenrolled lightweight node includes (a) circuitry for storing a token that includes a signature that includes at least a signature of at least a first identifier signed with a private key of the trusted node, the first identifier being associated with a public key of the unenrolled lightweight node, and (b) circuitry for broadcasting a request for blockchain enrollment of the unenrolled lightweight node to the plurality of peers. The authentication request including at least a second identifier that is associated with at least a public key of the unenrolled lightweight node, a signature created with at least the second identifier and a corresponding private key of the unenrolled lightweight node, and the token.

    Process for a floating point dot product multiplier-accumulator

    公开(公告)号:US11893360B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-02-06

    申请号:US17180856

    申请日:2021-02-21

    发明人: Dylan Finch

    摘要: A process for performing vector dot products receives a row vector and a column vector as floating point numbers in a format of sign plus exponent bits plus mantissa bits. The process generates a single dot product value by separately processing the sign bits, exponent bits, and mantissa bits to form a sign bit, a normalized mantissa formed by multiplying pairs multiplicand elements, and exponent information including MAX_EXP and EXP_DIFF. A second pipeline stage receives the multiplied pairs of normalized mantissas, optionally performs an exponent adjustment, pads, complements and shifts the normalized mantissas, and the results are added in a series of stages until a single addition result remains, which is normalized using MAX_EXP to form the floating point output result.

    Layout structure for shared analog bus in unit element multiplier

    公开(公告)号:US11567730B2

    公开(公告)日:2023-01-31

    申请号:US17163556

    申请日:2021-01-31

    IPC分类号: G06F7/544 G06F7/53

    摘要: A planar fabrication charge transfer capacitor for coupling charge from a Unit Element (UE) generates a positive charge first output V_PP and a positive charge second output V_NP, the first output coupled to a positive charge line comprising a continuous first planar conductor, a continuous second planar conductor parallel to the first planar conductor, and a continuous third planar conductor parallel to the first planar conductor and second planar conductor, the charge transfer capacitor comprising, in sequence: a first co-planar conductor segment, the first planar conductor, a second co-planar conductor segment, the second planar conductor, a third co-planar conductor segment, the third planar conductor, and a fourth coplanar conductor segment, the first and third coplanar conductor segments capacitively edge coupled to the UE first output V_PP, the second and fourth coplanar conductor segments capacitively edge coupled to the UE second output V_NP.

    Process for Dual Mode Floating Point Multiplier-Accumulator with High Precision Mode for Near Zero Accumulation Results

    公开(公告)号:US20220405054A1

    公开(公告)日:2022-12-22

    申请号:US17352374

    申请日:2021-06-21

    发明人: Dylan FINCH

    IPC分类号: G06F7/544 G06F7/487

    摘要: A process for a floating point multiplier-accumulator (MAC) is operative on N pairs of floating point values using N MAC processes operating concurrently, each MAC process operating on a pair of values comprising an input value and a coefficient value. Each MAC process simultaneously generates: an integer form fraction at a first bitwidth and a second bitwidth greater than the first bitwidth, a sign bit, and an exponent difference computed by subtracting an exponent sum from a maximum exponent sum of all exponent sums. The integer form fractions of the first bitwidths are provided to an adder tree using the first bitwidth, and if the sum has an excess percentage of leading 0s, then the second bitwidth is used by an adder tree using the second bitwidth to form a great precision integer form fraction. The sign, integer form fraction, and maximum exponent are provided to an normalizer which generates a floating point result.

    Bias unit element with binary weighted charge transfer capacitors

    公开(公告)号:US11522547B1

    公开(公告)日:2022-12-06

    申请号:US17334817

    申请日:2021-05-31

    摘要: A Bias Unit Element (UE) has a digital input and sign input, and comprises a positive Bias UE and a negative Bias UE, each comprising groups of NAND gates generating an output and a complementary output, each of which are coupled to differential charge transfer lines through binary weighted charge transfer capacitors to a differential charge transfer bus comprising a positive charge transfer line and a negative charge transfer line. The sign input enables the positive Bias UE when the sign bit is positive and enables the negative Bias UE when the sign bit is negative.

    Chopper Stabilized Bias Unit Element with Binary Weighted Charge Transfer Capacitors

    公开(公告)号:US20220383002A1

    公开(公告)日:2022-12-01

    申请号:US17334899

    申请日:2021-05-31

    IPC分类号: G06J1/00

    摘要: A Bias Unit Element (UE) has a digital input, a sign input, and a chop clock. The sign input is exclusive ORed with the chop clock to generate a signed chop clock. Each Bias UE comprises a positive Bias UE and a negative Bias UE, each comprising groups of NAND gates generating an output and a complementary output, each of which are coupled to differential charge transfer lines through binary weighted charge transfer capacitors to a differential charge transfer bus comprising a positive charge transfer line and a negative charge transfer line. The chopped sign input enables the positive Bias UE when the sign bit is positive and enables the negative Bias UE when the sign bit is negative.

    Chopper Stabilized Analog Multiplier Unit Element with Binary Weighted Charge Transfer Capacitors

    公开(公告)号:US20220383001A1

    公开(公告)日:2022-12-01

    申请号:US17334890

    申请日:2021-05-31

    IPC分类号: G06J1/00

    摘要: A Unit Element (UE) has a positive UE and a negative UE, each having a digital X input and a digital W input with a sign bit, the sign bit is exclusive ORed with a chop clock to generate a chopped sign bit. The positive UE is enabled when the chopped sign bit is positive and the negative UE is enabled when the chopped sign bit is negative. Each positive and negative UE comprises groups of NAND gates generating an output and complementary output which are coupled to a differential charge transfer bus comprising a positive charge transfer line and a negative charge transfer line. The NAND gate outputs and complementary outputs are coupled through binary weighted charge transfer capacitors the positive charge transfer line and negative charge transfer line.

    Interlayer Exchange Coupled Multiplier

    公开(公告)号:US20220336729A1

    公开(公告)日:2022-10-20

    申请号:US17234792

    申请日:2021-04-19

    IPC分类号: H01L43/10 H01L43/02 G06F7/523

    摘要: A multiplier device for binary magnetic applied fields uses Interlayer Exchange Coupling (IEC) structure where two layers of ferromagnetic material are separated from each other by non-magnetic layers of electrically conductive material of atomic thickness, sufficient to generate anti-magnetic response in a magnetized layer. A plurality of regions on a top surface are activated with a magnetic field in a first direction for a 1 value and in an opposite direction for a 0 value, the multiplication result presented as magnetic field direction on a plurality of output ferromagnetic regions.