Abstract:
An apparatus for estimating an aging level may include: a light emitter configured to emit blue light to an object; a light receiver configured to measure fluorescence emanating from the object; and a processor configured to estimate the aging level of the object based on the measured fluorescence and an aging level estimation model.
Abstract:
An apparatus for estimating a concentration of an analyte may include a processor configured to measure a first scattering coefficient of an object at a first wavelength and a second scattering coefficient of the object at a second wavelength, obtain a third scattering coefficient of the object at the third wavelength based on the first scattering coefficient and the second scattering coefficient, measure reflectance of the object at a third wavelength, and estimate the concentration of the analyte based on the obtained third scattering coefficient and the measured reflectance.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device includes an alignment key on a substrate. The alignment key includes a first sub-alignment key pattern with a first conductive pattern, a second conductive pattern, and a capping dielectric pattern that are sequentially stacked on the substrate, an alignment key trench that penetrates at least a portion of the first sub-alignment key pattern, and a lower conductive pattern in the alignment key trench. The alignment key trench includes an upper trench that is provided in the capping dielectric pattern that has a first width, and a lower trench that extends downward from the upper trench and that has a second width less than the first width. The lower conductive pattern includes sidewall conductive patterns that are separately disposed on opposite sidewalls of the lower trench.
Abstract:
A method for removing an organic ligand from a surface of a particle including: obtaining a particle having an organic ligand disposed on a surface thereof; contacting the particle with an alkylammonium salt represented by Chemical Formula 1: NR′4+A− Chemical Formula 1 wherein groups R′ are the same or different and are each independently hydrogen or a C1 to C20 alkyl group, provided that at least one group R′ is an alkyl group, and A is a hydroxide anion, a halide anion, a borohydride anion, a nitrate anion, a phosphate anion, or a sulfate anion; and heat-treating the particle to carry out a reaction between the alkylammonium salt and the organic ligand.
Abstract:
An image forming apparatus including a body provided at one side thereof with an opening, a transfer device movably installed at the body so as to be detachable through the opening, and a locking lever rotatably installed at the transfer device, wherein the locking lever rotates between a first position at which one end of the locking lever protrudes from the transfer device and a second position at which the one end is accommodated within the transfer device, and the body includes a locking protrusion that is locked with other end of the locking lever in a state that the locking lever is at the first position, so that only in a state that a worker rotates the locking lever while gripping the transfer device, the transfer device is separated from the body, thereby separating the transfer device in a safe manner.
Abstract:
A carbon dioxide adsorbent includes a porous metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1, the porous metal oxide having a specific surface area of greater than or equal to about 30 m2/g, and an average pore size of greater than or equal to about 2 nm.
Abstract:
A mobile device and method for performing a function using a short-range communication tag are provided. In the method, the mobile device inputs function-related information into a short-range communication tag, and recognizes proximity to or contact with the short-range communication tag. Then the mobile device reads the function-related information from the short-range communication tag, and performs a function correlated with the function-related information. This allows performing various functions of the mobile device, only depending on a user's action to bring the mobile device in proximity to or contact with the Near Field Communication (NFC) tag.
Abstract:
A method and a system for providing a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) service, in which when multiple counterpart devices are selected based on manufacturer information and support information on supported functions and capability defined in a service information field of each beacon message or each probe response message, a final device is determined by checking multiple pieces of signal information of the selected counterpart devices, are provided. The method includes receiving messages from multiple counterpart devices, selecting one or more counterpart devices, each of which supports a requested service, from an identical manufacturer when the messages are received, checking multiple pieces of signal information of the selected counterpart devices when the number of the selected counterpart devices is greater than one, and determining a device having the signal information satisfying set conditions as a final device.