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    Electrorheological compositions including am.sub.5-11 O.sub.8-17
    21.
    发明授权
    Electrorheological compositions including am.sub.5-11 O.sub.8-17 失效
    电流变成分包括am5-11O8-17

    公开(公告)号：US5149454A

    公开(公告)日：1992-09-22

    申请号：US702975

    申请日：1991-05-20

    Applicant: Raymond L. Bloink ,  Bradley W. Kibbel ,  Bob R. Powell

    Inventor： Raymond L. Bloink ,  Bradley W. Kibbel ,  Bob R. Powell

    IPC: C10M171/00

    CPC classification number: C10M171/001 ,  C10M2201/062 ,  C10M2229/02 ,  C10M2229/05 ,  C10N2240/20 ,  C10N2240/201 ,  C10N2240/202 ,  C10N2240/203 ,  C10N2240/204 ,  C10N2240/205

    Abstract: Disclosed are electrorheological fluids having ceramic particles of high ion conductivity and a nonconducting or dielectric fluid. The high ion conductive particle may be a beta-alumina material, such as a material having the formula AM.sub.5-11 O.sub.8-17, where A is a monovalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Ag and Te; and M is a trivalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Fe and Ga. The liquid phase may include a silicone fluid or mineral oil. In the case of a mineral oil, the oil may also include an amine-terminated polyester to improve stability of the fluid.

    Abstract translation: 公开了具有高离子电导率的陶瓷颗粒和不导电或介电流体的电流变流体。 高离子导电颗粒可以是β-氧化铝材料，例如具有式AM5-11O8-17的材料，其中A是一价离子，例如包含选自Li，Na中的至少一种的材料 ，K，Rb，Ag和Te; M是三价离子，例如包含选自Al，Fe和Ga中的至少一种的材料，液相可包括硅油或矿物油。 在矿物油的情况下，油也可以包括胺封端的聚酯以改善流体的稳定性。

    Method of bonding a metal to a substrate
    23.
    发明授权
    Method of bonding a metal to a substrate 有权
    将金属键合到基底的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08889226B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-11-18

    申请号：US13310135

    申请日：2011-12-02

    Applicant: Michael J. Walker ,  Bob R. Powell, Jr.

    Inventor： Michael J. Walker ,  Bob R. Powell, Jr.

    IPC: B05D1/36 ,  C23C16/00 ,  B21C37/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C23F1/02 ,  B22D19/08 ,  C23C6/00

    CPC classification number: B22D19/08 ,  C23C6/00 ,  Y10S977/762 ,  Y10S977/781 ,  Y10S977/89 ,  Y10S977/891 ,  Y10T428/12444

    Abstract: A method of bonding a metal to a substrate is disclosed herein. The method involves forming a nano-brush on a surface of the substrate, where the nano-brush includes a plurality of nano-wires extending above the substrate surface. In a molten state, the metal is introduced onto the substrate surface, and the metal surrounds the nano-wires. Upon cooling, the metal surrounding the nano-wires solidifies, and during the solidifying, at least a mechanical interlock is formed between the metal and the substrate.

    Abstract translation: 本文公开了将金属结合到基底的方法。 该方法包括在衬底的表面上形成纳米刷，其中纳米刷包括在衬底表面上延伸的多个纳米线。 在熔融状态下，金属被引入到基板表面上，并且金属围绕着纳米线。 在冷却时，围绕纳米线的金属固化，并且在固化期间，在金属和基底之间形成至少一个机械互锁。

    METHOD OF BONDING A METAL TO A SUBSTRATE
    24.
    发明申请
    METHOD OF BONDING A METAL TO A SUBSTRATE 有权
    将金属与基材结合的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120301669A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-11-29

    申请号：US13310042

    申请日：2011-12-02

    Applicant: Michael J. Walker ,  Bob R. Powell, JR. ,  Aihua A. Luo

    Inventor： Michael J. Walker ,  Bob R. Powell, JR. ,  Aihua A. Luo

    IPC: B32B3/00 ,  B05D1/36 ,  B05D3/10 ,  B05D3/00 ,  B05D3/06

    CPC classification number: B22D19/04 ,  Y10T428/24355

    Abstract: A method of bonding a metal to a substrate involves forming a plurality of nano-features in a surface of the substrate, where each nano-feature is chosen from a nano-pore and/or a nano-crevice. In a molten state, the metal is over-cast onto the substrate surface, and penetrates the nano-features. Upon cooling, the metal is solidified inside the nano-features, where the solidification of the metal forms a mechanical interlock between the over-cast metal and the substrate.

    Abstract translation: 将金属键合到衬底的方法包括在衬底的表面中形成多个纳米特征，其中每个纳米特征选自纳米孔和/或纳米缝隙。 在熔融状态下，金属被过度涂覆在基材表面上，并渗入纳米特征。 在冷却时，金属在纳米特征内部固化，其中金属的凝固在过铸金属和基底之间形成机械互锁。

    Method of forming a coated article including a magnesium alloy
    25.
    发明授权
    Method of forming a coated article including a magnesium alloy 有权
    形成包括镁合金的涂层制品的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08181690B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-05-22

    申请号：US12431726

    申请日：2009-04-28

    Applicant: Guangling Song ,  Bob R. Powell, Jr.

    Inventor： Guangling Song ,  Bob R. Powell, Jr.

    IPC: B22D19/00 ,  B22D19/16

    CPC classification number: B22D19/08 ,  B32B15/01 ,  C22C23/00 ,  C22C23/02 ,  Y10T428/12729

    Abstract: A method of forming a coated article is disclosed. The method involves heating a magnesium alloy component, positioning the component in a mold such that a gap exists between component outer surfaces and mold inner surfaces, and heating a magnesium-containing alloy material above its melting temperature, which is lower than that of the component. The material is formed from magnesium alloyed with i) the component element, but at a higher concentration, ii) at least one element that is different than the component element, or iii) the component element and at least one other element. The method further includes introducing the material into the gap, thereby covering at least the outer surfaces of the component, and cooling the material to form a substantially evenly distributed solidified coating on the outer surfaces of the component. The coating has a higher wear and/or corrosion resistance than that of the magnesium alloy component.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种形成涂层制品的方法。 该方法包括加热镁合金部件，将部件定位在模具中，使得在部件外表面和模具内表面之间存在间隙，并且将含镁合金材料加热到高于其成分的熔融温度以下 。 该材料由与i）成分元素合成的镁形成，但是以较高的浓度形成，ii）至少一种不同于组分元素的元素，或iii）组分元素和至少一种其它元素。 该方法还包括将材料引入到间隙中，从而至少覆盖部件的外表面，并且冷却材料以在部件的外表面上形成基本均匀分布的固化涂层。 该涂层具有比镁合金组件更高的耐磨性和/或耐腐蚀性。

    METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PREDICTING VERY HIGH CYCLE FATIGUE PROPERTIES IN METAL ALLOYS
    26.
    发明申请
    METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PREDICTING VERY HIGH CYCLE FATIGUE PROPERTIES IN METAL ALLOYS 有权
    用于预测金属合金中非常高的周期疲劳特性的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US20100030537A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-02-04

    申请号：US12182314

    申请日：2008-07-30

    Applicant: Qigui Wang ,  Bob R. Powell, JR. ,  Peggy E. Jones ,  Cherng-Chi Chang

    Inventor： Qigui Wang ,  Bob R. Powell, JR. ,  Peggy E. Jones ,  Cherng-Chi Chang

    IPC: G06G7/48

    CPC classification number: G06F17/5009 ,  G06F2217/10 ,  G06F2217/16 ,  G06F2217/76

    Abstract: A system and method for predicting fatigue life in metal alloys for very high cycle fatigue applications. The system and method are especially useful for cast metal alloys, such as cast aluminum alloys, where a fatigue endurance limit is either non-existent or hard to discern. Fatigue properties, such as fatigue strength in the very high cycle fatigue region, are based on a modified random fatigue limit model, where the very high cycle fatigue strength and infinite life fatigue strength are refined to take into consideration the sizes of the discontinuities and microstructure constituents since the fatigue life scatter depends upon the presence of discontinuities and microstructure constituents. The sizes of the discontinuities and microstructure constituents that can initiate fatigue cracks can be determined with extreme value statistics, then input to the modified random fatigue limit model.

    Abstract translation: 用于预测非常高循环疲劳应用中金属合金疲劳寿命的系统和方法。 该系统和方法对于铸造金属合金（例如铸铝合金）尤其有用，其中疲劳耐力极限不存在或难以辨别。 疲劳性能，如非常高的循环疲劳区域的疲劳强度，基于改进的随机疲劳极限模型，其中非常高的循环疲劳强度和无限寿命疲劳强度得到细化，以考虑到不连续性和微观结构的尺寸 因为疲劳寿命分散取决于不连续性和微结构组分的存在。 可以用极值统计量确定可以引发疲劳裂纹的不连续性和微观组分的尺寸，然后输入到修改的随机疲劳极限模型。

    SACRIFICIAL SLEEVES FOR DIE CASTING ALUMINUM ALLOYS
    27.
    发明申请
    SACRIFICIAL SLEEVES FOR DIE CASTING ALUMINUM ALLOYS 有权
    用于铝合金铸造的特殊工具

    公开(公告)号：US20090260774A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-10-22

    申请号：US12103755

    申请日：2008-04-16

    Applicant: Jongcheol Shin ,  Jongwon B. Park ,  Inwook Hwang ,  Bob R. Powell, JR. ,  Thomas A. Perry ,  Anil K. Sachdev ,  Jon T. Carter

    Inventor： Jongcheol Shin ,  Jongwon B. Park ,  Inwook Hwang ,  Bob R. Powell, JR. ,  Thomas A. Perry ,  Anil K. Sachdev ,  Jon T. Carter

    IPC: B22D29/00

    CPC classification number: B22D15/02 ,  B22D19/0009 ,  B22D21/04

    Abstract: Some die cast aluminum alloy articles have internal cylindrical surfaces such as the round internal cylinder surfaces of a cylinder block for an internal combustion engine. During casting solidification molten aluminum alloys shrink against the metallic permanent mold tools used to mold and define such internal surfaces, and tend to stick to the tool surfaces making it difficult to remove the casting. The tendency of some aluminum casting alloys to solder to the tool can further intensify sticking. In this invention, an aluminum alloy sleeve is placed on and over the tool surface before casting and the sleeve isolates the tool from the molten aluminum. The sleeve becomes bonded to the casting and facilitates removal of the casting from the tool. The sleeve may be (and preferably is) fully machined from the internal casting surface. The sleeve may be of the same composition as the casting, in which case handling and recycling of machining chips would be facilitated. The practice of the invention is also applicable to die casting of magnesium alloys using magnesium sacrificial sleeves.

    Abstract translation: 一些压铸铝合金制品具有诸如用于内燃机的气缸体的圆形内圆柱表面的内圆柱表面。 在铸造凝固期间，熔融铝合金收缩用于模制和限定这种内表面的金属永久模具，并且倾向于粘附到工具表面，使得难以移除铸件。 一些铝铸造合金焊接到工具的趋势可以进一步加剧粘附。 在本发明中，铝合金套筒在铸造之前放置在工具表面上和上方，并且套筒将工具与熔融铝隔离开。 套筒粘合到铸件上并便于从工具中移除铸件。 套筒可以（并且优选地）从内部铸造表面完全加工。 套筒可以具有与铸件相同的组成，在这种情况下，加工芯片的处理和回收将被促进。 本发明的实践也适用于使用镁牺牲套管的镁合金压铸。

    Releasable fastener system
    28.
    发明授权
    Releasable fastener system 有权
    可拆卸紧固件系统

    公开(公告)号：US07146690B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-12-12

    申请号：US10305375

    申请日：2002-11-26

    Applicant: Thomas B. Stanford, Jr. ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Leslie A. Momoda ,  William Barvosa-Carter ,  Bob R. Powell, Jr.

    Inventor： Thomas B. Stanford, Jr. ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Leslie A. Momoda ,  William Barvosa-Carter ,  Bob R. Powell, Jr.

    IPC: B23P19/04 ,  A44B21/00

    CPC classification number: F16B1/0014 ,  A41D2300/326 ,  A44B18/0003 ,  A44B18/0096 ,  A44D2203/00 ,  C08L2201/12 ,  F16B5/07 ,  F16B2001/0028 ,  F16B2001/0035 ,  F16F2224/045 ,  Y10T24/27 ,  Y10T24/2783 ,  Y10T428/24017

    Abstract: A releasable fastener system comprises a loop portion and a hook portion. The loop portion includes a support and a loop material disposed on one side thereof. The hook portion generally includes a support and a plurality of closely spaced upstanding hook elements extending from one side thereof, wherein the plurality of hook elements comprises or incorporates a shape memory alloy fiber. When the hook portion and loop portion are pressed together they interlock to form a releasable engagement. The resulting joint created by the engagement is relatively resistant to shear and pull forces and weak in peel strength forces. Introducing a thermal activation signal to the plurality of hook elements causes a change in shape orientation, flexural modulus property, or a combination thereof that effectively reduces the shear and/or pull off forces in the releasable engagement. In this manner, disengagement of the releasable fastener system provides separation of the hook portion from the loop portion under controlled conditions. Also disclosed herein are processes for operating the releasable fastener system.

    Abstract translation: 可释放的紧固件系统包括环部分和钩部分。 环路部分包括支撑件和设置在其一侧的环形材料。 钩部通常包括支撑件和从其一侧延伸的多个紧密间隔的直立钩元件，其中多个钩元件包括或结合形状记忆合金纤维。 当钩部和环部被压在一起时，它们互锁以形成可释放的接合。 通过接合产生的所得到的接头相对于剪切力和拉力相对地抵抗并且剥离强度力弱。 向多个钩元件引入热激活信号导致形状取向，挠曲模量特性或其组合的改变，其有效地减少了可释放接合中的剪切力和/或拉拔力。 以这种方式，可释放的紧固件系统的分离在受控条件下提供了钩部分与环部分的分离。 本文还公开了用于操作可释放紧固件系统的方法。

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