摘要:
A NOX sensor material includes a composition of Ba(1-X)AXFe(12-Y)BYO19. Constituent A and constituent B are doping elements. Constituent A is selected from the group consisting of Bi, La and Pb and X is a real number where 0≦X
摘要翻译:NOX传感器材料包括Ba(1-X)AXFe(12-Y)BYO19的组合物。 组分A和组分B是掺杂元素。 成分A选自Bi,La和Pb,X是实数,其中0&nlE; X <1。 成分B选自Al,B,Bi,Ca,Co,Cr,Cu,Er,Ga,In,Mg,Mn,Ni,Nb,Rh,Pb,Si,Sr,Ti,Ta,Zn 而Zr和Y是实数,其中0&nlE; Y <12。 NOX传感器材料可用于NOX传感器的传感器元件。
摘要:
In one embodiment, a method for forming the sensor comprises: disposing capacitance electrodes and a heater on green layers; disposing the layers such that the capacitance electrodes are disposed between adjacent green layers and the heater is disposed on a side of a green layer opposite one of the capacitance electrodes; disposing a gap insert in physical contact with the capacitance electrodes, wherein the gap insert has a higher sintering temperature than the green layers; sintering the green layers; and removing the gap insert.
摘要:
Disclosed are electrorheological fluids having ceramic particles of high ion conductivity and a nonconducting or dielectric fluid. The high ion conductive particle may be a material having the formula A.sub.5 MSi.sub.4 O.sub.12, where A is a monovalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, and Ag; and M is a trivalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Sc, Fe, Y, In, La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu. The liquid phase may include a silicone fluid or mineral oil. In the case of a mineral oil, the oil may also include an amine-terminated polyester to improve stability of the fluid.
摘要:
A soot sensor and method for detecting soot is provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a sensing element for a soot sensor is disclosed herein, the sensing element having a pair of peripheral edge sensing electrodes each having a portion disposed on a peripheral edge of a non-conductive substrate of the sensing element; a first pair of side sensing electrodes disposed on a first side of the sensing element, the first side having a first area partially bounded by the peripheral edge, wherein a resistance between the pair of peripheral edge sensing electrodes decreases as soot accumulates on portions of the pair of peripheral edge sensing electrodes and a resistance between the first pair of side sensing electrodes decreases as soot accumulates on portions of the first pair of side sensing electrodes.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a method of making a gas sensor element, comprising calcining a NOx sensor electrode material at a NOx sensor electrode material calcination temperature of about 1200 to about 1600° C. to form a calcined NOx sensor electrode material, disposing the calcined NOx sensor electrode material on a substrate to form a substrate comprising a NOx sensor electrode, and firing the substrate comprising the NOx sensor electrode at a gas sensor element firing temperature to form a gas sensor element comprising a NOx sensor electrode. Also disclosed is a gas sensor comprising the gas sensor element.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a composition for use in a NOx electrode comprising: Tb(1-x)Ln(x)E(1-y)Q(y1)X(y2)Z(y3)O3 wherein Ln is a lanthanoid or a combination of lanthanoids, E is a metal selected from chromium, iron, and a combination thereof, Q is an element selected from magnesium, calcium, strontium, and a combination thereof, X is an element selected from boron, lead, phosphorus, germanium, and a combination thereof, Z is an element selected from barium, silicon, aluminum, and a combination thereof, x is from 0 to about 0.5, y is from about 0.05 to about 0.8, and y1, y2, y3 are independently from 0 to about 0.8, with the proviso that y=y1+y2+y3, and y2+y3 is greater than 0. Also disclosed are a method of making it, electrodes and sensors comprising it, and a method of detecting NOx.
摘要:
Disclosed are electrorheological fluids having ceramic particles of high ion conductivity and a nonconducting or dielectric fluid. The high ion conductive particle may be a beta-alumina material, such as a material having the formula AM.sub.5-11 O.sub.8-17, where A is a monovalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Ag and Te; and M is a trivalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Fe and Ga. The liquid phase may include a silicone fluid or mineral oil. In the case of a mineral oil, the oil may also include an amine-terminated polyester to improve stability of the fluid.
摘要:
Disclosed are electrorheological fluids having ceramic particles of high ion conductivity and a nonconducting or dielectric fluid. The high ion conductive particle may be a beta-alumina material, such as a material having the formula AM.sub.5-11 O.sub.8-17, where A is a monovalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Ag and Te; and M is a trivalent ion, such as a material comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Fe and Ga. The liquid phase may include a silicone fluid or mineral oil. In the case of a mineral oil, the oil may also include an amine-terminated polyester to improve stability of the fluid.
摘要:
Disclosed are electrorheological fluids having ceramic particles of high ion conductivity and a nonconducting or dielectric fluid. The high ion conductive particle may be Zr(HPO.sub.4).sub.2.
摘要:
A sensor comprises: a pump cell comprising an inner pump electrode, an outer pump electrode, a pump cell electrolyte layer interposed between the inner pump electrode and the outer pump electrode and a cell isolation layer disposed on the inner pump electrode on a side opposite the pump cell electrolyte, wherein the outer electrode is in fluid communication with a reducing gas. A reference cell is in operable communication with the pump cell, the reference cell comprising an outer reference electrode and an inner reference electrode, and a reference cell electrolyte interposed between the outer reference electrode and the inner reference electrode. A diffusion limiting material flanks both sides of a chamber formed between the cell isolation layer and a cell separation layer, wherein the cell separation layer comprises a via coaxial and in fluid communication with the inner pump electrode, the diffusing limiting material, and the outer reference electrode, and wherein the diffusion limiting material has a gas permeability such that the limiting current of oxygen in air is about 0.05 mA to about 5 mA per cm2 of pump electrode area.
摘要翻译:传感器包括:泵电池,包括内泵电极,外泵电极,介于内泵电极和外泵电极之间的泵电池电解质层,以及设置在内泵电极上的电池隔离层 泵电池电解质,其中外电极与还原气体流体连通。 参考单元与泵浦单元可操作地通信,该参考单元包括外部参考电极和内部参考电极以及介于外部参考电极和内部参考电极之间的参考单元电解质。 扩散限制材料在形成在细胞隔离层和细胞分离层之间的室的两侧侧面,其中细胞分离层包括通孔同轴并与内泵电极,扩散限制材料和外参考物流体连通 电极,并且其中所述扩散限制材料具有气体渗透性,使得空气中的氧气的极限电流为约0.02mA至约5mA / cm 2的泵电极区域。