摘要:
To realize a software radio processing with a reduced circuit area by hardware and software which can process transmission and reception, or synchronization and demodulation in time division. There are provided a circuit DRC that can dynamically change a configuration with a structure that can change the configuration at a high speed, a general processor, and an interface for connection with an external device such as an AD converter or a DA converter. Software radio is realized by using a software radio chip that conducts plural different processing such as transmission and reception, or synchronization and demodulation in time division. The different processing during the radio signal processing can be conducted in time division. As a result, the software radio can be realized with a circuit of a reduced area in a software radio system that allocates regions of an FPGA to the respective processing.
摘要:
An alignment mark includes a first mark usable for global alignment measurement in the direction of a scribe line, and a second mark usable for pre-alignment measurement in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the scribe line. The first mark is formed by arranging a plurality of strip-shaped X measurement marks whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the direction of the scribe line. In the second mark, the strip-shaped second measurement marks are arranged at the two ends of the first mark such that the longitudinal direction of the second measurement mark is perpendicular to that of the first measurement mark. The alignment mark can be shared by global alignment and pre-alignment, and applied to a narrow scribe line.
摘要:
A method of detecting a position of a mark within image data. The method includes a first step of obtaining a first position of the mark based on a first degree of correlation between a first template and the image data, the first template having a first feature point to obtain the first degree of correlation, a second step of obtaining a second position of the mark based on a second degree of correlation between a second template and the image data, the second template having a second feature point, of which a position is different from that of the first feature point, to obtain the second degree of correlation, and a third step of detecting the position of the mark through the first and second steps.
摘要:
An angular velocity sensor is manufactured by simple method and has reduced size and height, and includesa base portion formed by piezoelectric single crystal and having length in the Y-axis direction and thickness in Z-axis direction; and four beams each having length in Y-axis direction vertical to the X- and Z-axis directions that are arranged side by side in X-axis direction and formed by piezoelectric single crystal integrally with the base portion, wherein four beams are grouped in two pairs with one in each pair used as drive beam and the other a counterbalance, the drive beams are provided with drive electrodes adapted to oscillate the beams in the X-axis direction and Y-axis sensing electrodes adapted to detect the rotation angle applied around the Y-axis, and the other beams serving as counterbalances are provided with X-axis sensing electrodes adapted to detect the rotation angle applied around the X-axis.
摘要:
A magnetic head supporting mechanism includes a fixing member, a piezoelectric element supported by the fixing member, and a head supporting member provided on the piezoelectric element, a magnetic head being supported by the head supporting member. An acceleration sensor is formed by the head supporting member and the piezoelectric element so as to be incorporated into the mechanism.
摘要:
An exposure method of projecting a pattern of an original onto a substrate. The method includes steps of measuring a position of an alignment mark formed on the substrate, projecting the pattern onto the substrate based on a measurement result in the measurement step, and projecting, onto the substrate based on the measurement result, a mark, which has a known relative position from a reference pattern arranged on an original stage and to align the original stage and a substrate stage, and is arranged on the original stage and to form an alignment mark on the substrate.
摘要:
The residual amount of a solvent in a water soluble nonionic alkylene oxide resin is decreased in an apparatus including an evaporation vessel and a stirring blade which scrapes-up and coats resin solution onto the inner wall surface of the evaporation vessel. A water soluble nonionic alkylene oxide resin having a crystallization temperature of 10 to 60° C. is extruded to a predetermined thickness in a molten state, the extruded molten resin is brought into contact with a metal surface which is at the crystallization temperature (Tc) or lower, and the thereby solidified resin may be cut into pellets. The resin pellets preferably are of rectangular shape and prescribed dimensions. The resin may be pulverized in a pulverizer by shearing force between a rotary blade and a fixed blade. In the pulverizer, grains smaller than a predetermined size pass through the screen, while larger grains are again pulverized.
摘要:
To efficiently dry it, a nonionic alkylene oxide-type water-soluble resin is put into a container, then the container is degassed to a prescribed vacuum degree which is maintained while a dry gas having a dew point not higher than prescribed is introduced into the container at a rate not lower than prescribed. Minor volatiles are efficiently removed from the resin in an evaporation tank having a stirring blade. For protecting the dried resin from water, a dry gas is introduced into and air is purged from an empty packaging container whereafter the resin is charged into the container is sealed. By controlling solvent content and visocity of the resin and loading it into a temperature-controlled transportation container and/or unloading it out of the transportation container by the use of a pump, good subsquent processability of the resin and prevention of deterioration thereof are ensured.
摘要:
An exhaust emission control system for an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a NOx storage/reduction catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage of the engine, and a NOx sensor positioned in the exhaust passage downstream of the catalyst. A controller of the system performs a rich-spike operation to temporarily operate the engine at a rich air/fuel ratio each time a NOx storage state of the catalyst satisfies a predetermined rich-spike condition during a lean-burn operation. When the degree of degradation of the catalyst is determined by comparing the output of the NOx sensor with a predetermined evaluation value, the rich-spike condition is changed so that the amount of NOx stored in the catalyst at the time of a start of the rich-spike operation during a degradation determination period is made larger than that reached during a period other than the determination period.
摘要:
Prior to execution of a printing operation and in parallel with a warm-up operation of the apparatus, a print preparatory operation is conducted only on selected cartridges of cartridges mounted to a developing unit, thereby bringing the cartridge into a printable state. Therefore, even if the residual amount of toner in one of the selected cartridges runs short, the printing operation is allowed to continue by switching this cartridge to the next selected cartridge.