Abstract:
A method and apparatus for processing a substrate are provided. In some implementations, the method comprises providing a silicon substrate having an aperture containing an exposed silicon contact surface at a bottom of the aperture, depositing a metal seed layer on the exposed silicon contact surface and exposing the substrate to an electroplating process by flowing a current through a backside of the substrate to form a metal layer on the metal seed layer.
Abstract:
A copper electroplating bath for producing copper electrodeposits is described. The copper electroplating bath comprises (a) a soluble copper salt, (b) an electrolyte comprising one or more acids, and (c) a grain refining additive comprising an alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl diamine. The copper electroplating bath can be used for producing electroformed copper deposits having low oxygen content.
Abstract:
A silver-coated composite material for movable contact parts, which has: an underlying layer composed of any one of nickel, cobalt, a nickel alloy, and a cobalt alloy at least provided on a part of the surface of a stainless steel substrate; an intermediate layer composed of copper or a copper alloy provided thereon; and a silver or silver alloy layer provided thereon as an outermost layer, wherein a thickness of the intermediate layer is 0.05 to 0.3 μm, and wherein an average grain size of the silver or silver alloy provided as the outermost layer is 0.5 to 5.0 μm.
Abstract:
A button or fastener member is provided wherein aluminum or an aluminum alloy is used as raw material, a first copper plating layer is formed directly over the entire surface of said raw material, and a second copper plating layer is formed directly on top of the first copper plating layer, with the aforementioned second copper plating layer being thicker than the aforementioned first copper plating layer.
Abstract:
A method for fabricating a thin-film solar cell. The method includes rolling a flexible substrate prepared with a metalized surface out of a roll to move linearly with a speed. The method further includes forming a back-electrode film overlying the metalized surface moving with the speed. Additionally, the method includes forming a stack of films comprising at least copper, gallium, and indium overlying the back-electrode film and forming a Se-alloy layer overlying the stack of films. Furthermore, the method includes depositing a Se—Na bearing film overlying the Se-alloy layer from a vacuum evaporator having at least two sources. Moreover, the method includes performing a thickness measurement in real time for the back-electrode film, the stack of films, and the Se-alloy layer on the flexible substrate moving with the speed to control the Se-alloy layer in a thickness of 10-100 nm corresponding to the Se—Na film in a thickness of 1-3 microns.
Abstract:
In Sn-plated copper or a Sn-plated copper alloy according to the present invention, a surface plating layer including a Ni layer, a Cu—Sn alloy layer, and a Sn layer which are deposited in this order is formed on a surface of a base material made of copper or a copper alloy. An average thickness of the Ni layer is 0.1 to 1.0 μm, an average thickness of the Cu—Sn alloy layer is 0.55 to 1.0 μm, and an average thickness of the Sn layer is 0.2 to 1.0 μm. The Cu—Sn alloy layer includes Cu—Sn alloy layers having two compositions, a portion thereof in contact with the Ni layer is formed of an ε-phase having an average thickness of 0.5 to 0.95 μm, and a portion thereof in contact with the Sn layer is formed of a η-phase having an average thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 μm.
Abstract:
A process for chrome plating magnesium and its alloys. The process uses a combination of electroless nickel plating, a multi-stage copper coating transition system and multiple layers of electrodeposited nickel to form a corrosion resistant system of substantial impermeability and interlayer adherence suitable for direct chromium electroplating.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method of preparing a copper electroplating layer having high adhesion to a magnesium alloy, which is advantageous because the usability of the magnesium alloy, having the highest specific strength among actually usable metals, can be increased through the development of a process of forming a uniform copper plating layer upon electroplating of the magnesium alloy. The method of preparing a copper electroplating layer having high adhesion to a magnesium alloy of this invention is characterized in that the magnesium alloy is pretreated with a plating pretreatment solution to form a film for electroplating, serving as a magnesium alloy pretreatment layer, exhibiting a uniform current distribution, which is then electroplated with copper to form the copper plating layer. According to this invention, through the pretreatment of the magnesium alloy, the adhesion of the copper plating layer to the film for electroplating formed on the magnesium alloy can be increased.
Abstract:
A copper plated material having at least a surface that is pretreated, copper plated, heat treated, and having a predetermined color blend incorporated into the surface of the material is provided. The present invention also provides a method of making the copper plated material.
Abstract:
A copper strike plating bath comprising a copper cyanide compound and one or more of salts of inorganic acids and salts of organic acids. The copper cyanide compound is preferably sodium copper cyanide, potassium copper cyanide or a mixture thereof.