摘要:
In an aspect, an apparatus is provided that sets and reprograms the state of programmable devices. In an aspect, a method is provided such that an opening is formed through a dielectric exposing a contact, the contact formed on a substrate. An electrode is conformally deposited on a wall of the dielectric, utilizing atomic layer deposition (ALD). A programmable material is formed on the electrode and a conductor is formed to the programmable material. In an aspect, a barrier is conformally deposited utilizing ALD, between the electrode and the programmable material.
摘要:
A radio frequency identification device comprises an integrated circuit including a receiver, a transmitter, and a microprocessor. The receiver and transmitter together define an active transponder. The integrated circuit is preferably a monolithic single die integrated circuit including the receiver, the transmitter, and the microprocessor. Because the device includes an active transponder, instead of a transponder which relies on magnetic coupling for power, the device has a much greater range.
摘要:
A lower electrode may be covered by a protective film to reduce the exposure of the lower electrode to subsequent processing steps or the open environment. As a result, materials that may have advantageous properties as lower electrodes may be utilized despite the fact that they may be sensitive to subsequent processing steps or the open environment.
摘要:
Phase change memories may exhibit improved properties and lower cost in some cases by forming the phase change material layers in a planar configuration. A heater may be provided below the phase change material layers to appropriately heat the material to induce the phase changes. The heater may be coupled to an appropriate conductor.
摘要:
A method of electrically linking the contacts of a semiconductor device to their corresponding digit lines. The method includes disposing a quantity of mask material into a trench through which the contact is exposed. The mask also abuts a connect region of a conductive element of a corresponding digit line and, therefore, protrudes somewhat over a surface of the semiconductor device. A layer of insulative material is disposed over the semiconductor device with the mask material being exposed therethrough. The mask material is then removed, leaving open cavities that include the trench and a strap region continuous with the trench and with a connect region of the corresponding digit line. Conductive material is disposed within the cavity and electrically isolated from conductive material disposed in adjacent cavities, which define conductive plugs or studs and conductive straps from the conductive material. These plugs or studs and straps provide an electrically conductive link between each contact of the semiconductor device and its corresponding digit line. Semiconductor devices that include features that have been fabricated in accordance with the method of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
摘要:
The invention relates to a phase-change memory device that uses SOI in a chalcogenide volume of memory material. Parasitic capacitance, both vertical and lateral, are reduced or eliminated in the inventive structure.
摘要:
A radio frequency identification device comprises an integrated circuit including a receiver, a transmitter, and a microprocessor. The receiver and transmitter together define an active transponder. The integrated circuit is preferably a monolithic single die integrated circuit including the receiver, the transmitter, and the microprocessor. Because the device includes an active transponder, instead of a transponder which relies on magnetic coupling for power, the device has a much greater range.
摘要:
A frequency doubler includes a first Gilbert cell, a second Gilbert cell coupled to the first Gilbert cell, a frequency generator configured to apply a first sinusoidal wave to the first Gilbert cell, and a phase shifter applying a sinusoidal wave shifted from the first sinusoidal wave to the second Gilbert cell. A method of doubling frequency without using a feedback loop includes providing a first Gilbert cell, providing a second Gilbert cell coupled to the first Gilbert cell, applying a first sinusoidal wave to the first Gilbert cell, and applying a sinusoidal wave shifted from the first sinusoidal wave to the second Gilbert cell.
摘要:
Briefly, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, a method and an apparatus to program a multi level cell (MLC) phase change material is provided.
摘要:
An electrically operated memory element having a contact in electrical communication with a memory material programmable to at least a first resistance state and a second resistance state. Preferably, the contact includes at least a first region having a first resistivity and a second region having a second resistivity greater than the first resistivity where the more resistive region is adjacent to the memory material.