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公开(公告)号：US4239499A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-16
申请号：US851661
申请日：1977-11-15
Applicant: William C. Pfefferle
Inventor： William C. Pfefferle
CPC classification number: C10L3/08
Abstract: Methanol is passed over a catalyst at an elevated temperature and pressure to produce a fuel gas containing a high proportion of methane in a one-step catalytic conversion process. Removal of water and carbon dioxide from the fuel gas produces a synthetic natural gas. For example, methanol with water is passed over a precious metal catalyst such as ruthenium on alumina at a temperature in the range of about 350.degree. C. to 500.degree. C. and a pressure in the range of about 800 to 2500 psig to produce a gaseous mixture comprising methane, carbon dioxide, minor amounts of hydrogen and essentially no carbon monoxide. Upon condensing the water vapor and scrubbing out the carbon dioxide, synthetic natural gas is obtained having a methane content above 90% by volume.
Abstract translation: 甲醇在升高的温度和压力下通过催化剂，以在一步催化转化过程中产生含有高比例甲烷的燃料气体。 从燃料气中去除水和二氧化碳产生合成天然气。 例如，在约350℃至500℃的温度和约800至2500psig范围内的压力下，将含有水的甲醇在氧化铝上通过贵金属催化剂如钌，从而产生 包含甲烷，二氧化碳，少量氢气和基本上不含一氧化碳的气态混合物。 在冷凝水蒸气并洗涤二氧化碳时，获得甲烷含量高于90体积％的合成天然气。
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公开(公告)号：US4205962A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-03
申请号：US955544
申请日：1978-10-27
Applicant: Charles P. Marion , Lawrence E. Estabrook , George N. Richter
Inventor： Charles P. Marion , Lawrence E. Estabrook , George N. Richter
IPC: B01D3/06 , B01D12/00 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/52 , C02F1/04 , C02F1/26 , C10B27/00 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/00 , C01B2/14
CPC classification number: C10J3/485 , B01D12/00 , B01D3/06 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/52 , C02F1/048 , C02F1/26 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C10J3/845 , C10J3/86 , C10K1/101 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/049 , C01B2203/0495 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1846 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892
Abstract: Dispersions comprising water and particulate solids i.e. carbon and ash are produced in at least one gas cooling or scrubbing zone by quench cooling or scrubbing, or both the raw gas stream from a partial oxidation gas generator with water. Advantageously, the water may be reclaimed by the subject process. In one embodiment, the carbon-water dispersion containing any ash is mixed with a liquid organic extractant and a liquid aqueous emulsion. The emulsion breaks up, and in a decanting operation a carbon-extractant-water dispersion containing gaseous impurities separates out and floats on a dilute bottoms water layer containing gaseous impurities and some solids. The carbon-extractant-water dispersion is mixed with a heavy liquid hydrocarbon and introduced into a distillation column. The overhead from the distillation column is cooled and separated in a separation vessel into an upper layer of liquid organic extractant, an intermediate layer of aqueous emulsion, a bottom layer of water, and an overhead stream of uncondensed gaseous impurities if any. The liquid aqueous emulsion and the liquid extractant are recycled to the decanting operation. The water layer from the separation vessel and the bottoms water from the decanting operation are separately introduced into a flash column where the water is reclaimed. The flash column includes at least one stripping plate and two chambers at the bottom separated by a weir. The overhead from the flash column is cooled below the dew point and is introduced into said separation vessel. In another scheme, the emulsion is mixed with the bottoms water from the decanting operation and fed to a flash column for reclaiming water. Alternately, the aqueous emulsion is broken-up into water and liquid hydrocarbon by heating.
Abstract translation: 包含水和颗粒固体（即碳和灰分）的分散体通过淬火冷却或洗涤或者来自部分氧化气体发生器的原料气体流与水在至少一个气体冷却或洗涤区中产生。 有利地，水可以通过主题过程回收。 在一个实施方案中，含有任何灰分的碳水分散体与液体有机萃取剂和液体水性乳液混合。 乳液分解，并且在倾析操作中，含有气态杂质的碳萃取剂 - 水分散体分离出来，漂浮在含有气态杂质和一些固体的稀的底部水层上。 将碳萃取剂 - 水分散体与重质液体烃混合并引入蒸馏塔。 来自蒸馏塔的塔顶馏出物在分离容器中被冷却并分离成液体有机萃取剂的上层，水性乳液的中间层，底部的水，以及未冷凝的气态杂质的顶部物流（如果有的话）。 将液体水性乳液和液体萃取剂再循环至倾析操作。 来自分离容器的水层和来自倾析操作的底部水分别引入闪蒸塔中，其中回收水。 闪蒸塔包括至少一个剥离板和在底部由堰隔开的两个室。 将闪蒸塔的塔顶馏出物冷却至低于露点并引入所述分离容器中。 在另一种方案中，将乳液与来自倾析操作的底部水混合，并送入闪蒸塔以回收水。 或者，水乳液通过加热分解成水和液体烃。
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公开(公告)号：US4016102A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-05
申请号：US681940
申请日：1976-04-30
Applicant: Charles P. Marion
Inventor： Charles P. Marion
CPC classification number: C02F1/26 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/50 , C01B2203/049
Abstract: A process for recovering particulate carbon from the effluent gas stream from a partial oxidation synthesis-gas generator by scrubbing the effluent gas with water in a scrubbing zone to form a carbon-water dispersion, by mixing said dispersion with a liquid organic extractant comprising a mixture of the liquid organic by-products from the oxo or oxyl process so as to produce a clarified water layer and a carbon-extractant dispersion, by separating and recycling said clarified water to said scrubbing zone, and by introducing part or all of said carbon-extractant dispersion to said gas generator as at least a portion of the generator feedstock.
Abstract translation: 通过将所述分散体与包含混合物的液体有机萃取剂混合，通过在洗涤区中用水洗涤流出气体以形成碳水分散体，从部分氧化合成气体发生器的废气流中回收颗粒碳的方法 的来自氧代或氧化方法的液体有机副产物，以通过将所述澄清水分离并再循环到所述洗涤区，并通过引入部分或全部所述碳 - 提取剂分散到所述气体发生器中作为发生器原料的至少一部分。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4006099A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-01
申请号：US587191
申请日：1975-06-16
Applicant: Charles P. Marion , William B. Crouch
Inventor： Charles P. Marion , William B. Crouch
CPC classification number: C01B3/363
Abstract: In the subject partial oxidation process for the continuous production of gaseous mixtures comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide separate streams of a free-oxygen-containing gas are simultaneously passed through the center conduit and through the outer annular passage of a double-annulus-type burner while a liquid hydrocarbonaceous feedstock, optionally in admixture with a temperature moderator, is simultaneously passed through the intermediate annular-passage. In one embodiment, a dispersion of petroleum oil in steam is passed through the intermediate annular passage of the burner at a velocity which is greater than the velocity of the two separate streams of oxygen which are passed respectively through the central conduit and through the outer annular-passage. Combustion efficiency may be thereby improved.
Abstract translation: 在用于连续生产包含氢气和一氧化碳的气体混合物的部分氧化方法中，含游离氧的气体的分离的流同时通过中心导管并通过双环形燃烧器的外部环形通道，同时 任选地与温度调节剂混合的液体烃类原料同时通过中间环形通道。 在一个实施方案中，石油在蒸汽中的分散体以大于分别通过中心导管并通过外环形的两个分开的氧气流的速度通过燃烧器的中间环形通道 -通道。 从而可以提高燃烧效率。
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公开(公告)号：US3951617A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-20
申请号：US533907
申请日：1974-12-18
Applicant: William B. Crouch
Inventor： William B. Crouch
CPC classification number: C10K1/00 , C01B3/36 , C10J3/485 , C10J2300/1807
Abstract: Production of clean fuel gas having a high heating value by means of two interconnected free-flow noncatalytic partial oxidation gas generators. All of the particulate carbon produced in the effluent gas stream from both generators is recovered and burned as a portion of the feedstock in gas generator two to maximize the methane yield in gas generator one. At least a portion of the cooled and cleaned effluent gas from gas generator 2 is recycled to gas generator 1 as the temperature moderator. The cooled, cleaned, and purified effluent gas stream from gas generator one has a minimum heating value of 400 BTU/SCF and a minimum methane content of 5.0 mole % (dry basis).
Abstract translation: 通过两个互连的自由流动非催化部分氧化气体发生器生产具有高热值的清洁燃料气体。 在来自两台发电机的废气流中产生的所有颗粒碳被回收并作为气体发生器二中的原料的一部分燃烧，以使气体发生器中的甲烷产率最大化。 来自气体发生器2的冷却和清洁的废气的至少一部分作为温度调节剂再循环到气体发生器1中。 来自气体发生器的冷却，清洁和纯化的废气流具有400BTU / SCF的最小热值和5.0摩尔％（干基）的最小甲烷含量。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US3929429A
公开(公告)日：1975-12-30
申请号：US50937574
申请日：1974-09-26
Applicant: TEXACO INC
Inventor： CROUCH WILLIAM B
CPC classification number: C01B3/363 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/506 , C10J2300/0906 , C10K1/101 , Y02P20/129 , Y02T10/16
Abstract: This is a continuous partial oxidation process for producing fuel gas or synthesis gas from solid carbonaceous fuels. In the process, two separate solid carbonaceous slurry feed streams (with the liquid vehicle being water in one slurry stream and liquid hydrocarbon fuel in the other) along with a separate stream of free-oxygen containing gas which is interposed between said slurry streams, are simultaneously introduced into a reaction zone of a free-flow noncatalytic gas generator where the three streams impinge and mix together to form an atomized dispersion that reacts by partial oxidation at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 1,500* to 3,500*F. and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres. The effluent gas stream from the reaction zone is split into two streams which are separately cooled and cleaned to produce two separate gaseous streams one gaseous stream saturated with water and the other gaseous stream containing less than 15 mole % water. By the subject mixed mode operation, the weight ratios of water to fuel, oxygen to fuel, and liquid hydrocarbon fuel to total solid fuel may be lowered. This provides a more suitable, and economical gas generator operation.
Abstract translation: 这是用于从固体碳质燃料生产燃料气体或合成气体的连续部分氧化方法。 在此过程中，两条独立的固体含碳浆料进料流（液体载体为一种浆料流中的水，另一种为液态烃燃料）以及介于所述浆料流之间的单独的含游离氧气体流。 同时引入自由流动的非催化气体发生器的反应区，其中三个流冲击并混合在一起形成雾化的分散体，其通过部分氧化反应，其自发温度在约1,500至3,500°F的范围内， 压力在约1至250个大气压的范围内。 来自反应区的废气流被分成两股，分别冷却和清洁，以产生两个分开的气流，一个气体流被水饱和，另一个气流含有少于15摩尔％的水。 通过对象混合模式操作，可以降低水与燃料，氧气与燃料和液体烃燃料与总固体燃料的重量比。 这提供了更合适和经济的气体发生器操作。
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7.发明授权Method of and device for separating solid components from a hot combustible gas generated in a reactor 失效从反应器中产生的热可燃气体分离固体成分的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3912464A
公开(公告)日：1975-10-14
申请号：US49525074
申请日：1974-08-06
Applicant: MASCHF AUGSBURG NUERNBERG AG
Inventor： SCHULZ HARRY
CPC classification number: B01D53/34
Abstract: A combustible gas is generated under pressure in a reactor by supplying fuel oil, steam and air to the reactor. The hot combustible gas withdrawn from the reactor is subjected to first and second cleaning, or purifying, steps in which solid particles are removed from the gas with at least some of these particles being returned to the reactor for reaction of the carbon content thereof in the reactor. The hot gases leave the reactor at about 1000* Centigrade and leave the second purifying step at a somewhat lower temperature. The invention provides a fuel gas substantially free of solid particles and among which would be corrosive substances.
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公开(公告)号：US3864083A
公开(公告)日：1975-02-04
申请号：US5010870
申请日：1970-06-26
Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO
Inventor： GREEN NORMAN W , DUNNING RICHARD W
CPC classification number: G01N27/043 , B01J8/06 , B01J19/0026 , B01J37/34 , Y10T436/12
Abstract: A method for continuously detecting carbon deposition in a catalyst bed. Hence, processes involving reactions of carbonaceous materials can be controlled with reference to carbon deposited, thereby avoiding catalyst deterioration and loss of catalyst activity.
Abstract translation: 一种用于连续检测催化剂床中碳沉积的方法。 因此，可以参考碳沉积来控制涉及碳质材料的反应的方法，从而避免催化剂劣化和催化剂活性的丧失。
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公开(公告)号：US3857685A
公开(公告)日：1974-12-31
申请号：US31703772
申请日：1972-12-20
Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC
Inventor： LEHMAN L
CPC classification number: C10G47/00 , C10G2400/26
Abstract: A multi-zone-plug-flow-reactor is used to produce synthetic natural gas (SNG) by thermal hydrocracking. A vaporized hydrocarbon feed and a portion of the required hydrogen is fed downwardly through the reactor initially at 800* to 1,200*F and above 200 psig. The partially thermally hydrocracked hydrocarbon feed is stepwise quenched to maintain a temperature differential of 150*F maximum between each zone and the remainder of the hydrogen is mixed with the feed at various points within the reactor to complete the hydrocracking in the last zone and thereby provide a product which is quenched to a temperature at which no further hydrocracking will occur. The reactor product is cryogenically separated to provide recycle hydrogen, gas for hydrogen generation and the SNG product.
Abstract translation: 多区插塞流反应器用于通过热加氢裂化生产合成天然气（SNG）。 蒸发的烃进料和一部分所需的氢气最初在800°-1200°F和200psig以上向下送入反应器。 将部分热加氢裂化的烃进料逐步骤冷以保持每个区域之间最大值为150°F的温差，并且剩余的氢气与进料在反应器内的各个点混合以完成最后一个区域中的加氢裂化，从而提供 将其淬火至不再进一步加氢裂化的温度的产物。 反应器产物被低温分离以提供再循环氢气，用于产生氢气的气体和SNG产物。
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公开(公告)号：US3816332A
公开(公告)日：1974-06-11
申请号：US13201871
申请日：1971-04-07
Applicant: TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORP
Inventor： MARION C
CPC classification number: C10K1/16 , B01D53/1412 , B01D53/1487 , C01B3/22 , C01B3/36 , Y02P20/129
Abstract: This is a process for the production of synthesis gas substantially free from entrained particulate carbon. The product gas is preferably produced substantially free from volatile hydrocarbon contaminants. A feedstock comprising fresh liquid hydrocarbon oil is introduced into a distillation zone and separated into a light liquid hydrocarbon fraction and a heavy liquid hydrocarbon fraction. The light hydrocarbon fraction in admixture with a preheated slurry produced subsequently in a gas scrubbing zone and comprising particulate carbon and said heavy liquid hydrocarbon fraction are introduced into the reaction zone of a free flow noncatalytic synthesis gas generator and reacted by partial oxidation with oxygen and steam at an autogenous temperature in the range of 1,500*-3,000* F. to produce synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and appreciable amounts of entrained particulate carbon. The effluent gas from the reaction zone is cooled by indirect heat exchange and is then scrubbed free of said entrained particulate carbon in a gas scrubbing zone with said heavy liquid hydrocarbon fraction and carbon slurries thereof. The scrubbing zone is preferably maintained at a temperature and pressure so that undue stripping of volatile fractions from the scrubbing fluid is prevented. When desired, water and any vaporized hydrocarbon in the overhead from the scrubber may be condensed out and separated from the product gas stream.
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