公开(公告)号：US5895508A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-20

申请号：US694575

申请日：1996-08-09

申请人： John S. Halow

发明人： John S. Halow

IPC分类号： C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/20

CPC分类号： C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y02P20/584 ,  Y10S48/04 ,  Y10S502/518

摘要： The gasification of coal and other carbonaceous materials by an endothermic gasification reaction is achieved in the presence of a catalyst in a down-flow, moving-bed gasifier. Catalyst is removed along with ash from the gasifier and is then sufficiently heated in a riser/burner by the combustion of residual carbon in the ash to volatilize the catalyst. This volatilized catalyst is returned to the gasifier where it uniformly contacts and condenses on the carbonaceous material. Also, the hot gaseous combustion products resulting from the combustion of the carbon in the ash along with excess air are introduced into the gasifier for providing heat energy used in the endothermic reaction.

摘要翻译： 在下流式移动床式气化器中，催化剂存在下，通过吸热气化反应气化煤和其他碳质材料。 催化剂与来自气化器的灰分一起被除去，然后通过在灰分中燃烧剩余的碳而在提升管/燃烧器中充分地加热以挥发催化剂。 将该挥发的催化剂返回到气化器中，其中它均匀接触并在碳质材料上冷凝。 此外，由灰分中的碳燃烧产生的热气态燃烧产物以及过量空气被引入气化器中以提供用于吸热反应的热能。

公开(公告)号：US5516345A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-14

申请号：US268636

申请日：1994-06-30

申请人： Robert C. Brown

发明人： Robert C. Brown

IPC分类号： C10J3/12 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/56

CPC分类号： C10J3/12 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/56 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y02P20/133 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： A latent heat-ballasted gasifier suitable for converting biomass, coal, or low-quality fuels into a producer gas. Latent heat is stored in the reactor in ballasts containing a metal alloy with a melting point approximate the pyrolysis temperatures of the fuel. A fluidized bed reactor is used to enhance heat transfer between the latent heat material and the fuel. The latent heat-ballasts allows the reactor to be operated in a quasi-steady mode rather than a batch operation employed in the prior designs.

摘要翻译： 一种适用于将生物质，煤或低质量燃料转化为生产气体的潜热式气球气化炉。 潜热被储存在反应器中，该镇流器含有熔点接近燃料热分解温度的金属合金。 流化床反应器用于增强潜热材料和燃料之间的热传递。 潜热镇流器允许反应器以准稳定模式操作，而不是在现有设计中使用的批处理操作。

公开(公告)号：US4976755A

公开(公告)日：1990-12-11

申请号：US423825

申请日：1989-10-19

申请人： Thomas S. Dewitz

发明人： Thomas S. Dewitz

IPC分类号： B01J8/00

CPC分类号： B01J8/008 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： An apparatus and method for stripping and depressurizing fine particulates mixed with gas discharged from a vessel operated at elevated temperature and pressure conditions to a low pressure vessel using a purge gas injected into a conduit designed for significant frictional pressure loss per unit length of conduit while maintaining a substantially constant velocity of the mixture conveyed.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将在高温和高压条件下操作的容器中排放的气体与从低压容器中排出的气体相混合的装置和方法，该清洗气体注入到设计成每单位长度导管显着的摩擦压力损失的导管中，同时保持 所输送的混合物的速度基本恒定。

公开(公告)号：US4852994A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-01

申请号：US53447

申请日：1987-05-22

申请人： Johannes Lambertz ,  Wolfgang H. Adlhoch ,  Alfred G. Mittelstadt ,  Wolfgang Hermann

发明人： Johannes Lambertz ,  Wolfgang H. Adlhoch ,  Alfred G. Mittelstadt ,  Wolfgang Hermann

IPC分类号： C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/56

CPC分类号： C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/56 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： In a process and apparatus for the production of gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a solid fuel in a fluidized bed, the solid particles contained in the product gas are separated off in a cyclone separator and recycled to the fluidized bed by way of a recycling conduit. The recycling conduit is provided with injection nozzles for introducing gas flows into the recycling conduit in a pulse-like manner in order to loosen up the particles therein. The gas flows may be introduced into the recycling conduit in displaced relationship in respect of time in such a way that, of two adjacent injection locations, gas is injected through the injection location which is arranged at a greater spacing from the reactor at a later time than at the injection location which is closer to the reactor.

摘要翻译： 在用于从流化床中的固体燃料生产含有氢气和一氧化碳的气体的方法和装置中，包含在产物气体中的固体颗粒在旋风分离器中分离出来，并通过再循环再循环到流化床 导管。 回收管道设置有喷嘴，用于以脉冲状的方式将气流引入再循环管道，以便松开其中的颗粒。 气流可以以相对于时间的位移关系被引入再循环管道中，使得在两个相邻的喷射位置之间，气体通过喷射位置被喷射，该喷射位置在稍后的时间间隔比反应器更大的间隔 而不是靠近反应器的注射位置。

公开(公告)号：US4548529A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-22

申请号：US579738

申请日：1984-02-13

申请人： Maarten J. van der Burgt

发明人： Maarten J. van der Burgt

IPC分类号： B01J3/02 ,  B01J8/00 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C21B5/00 ,  B65G53/44 ,  B65G53/48

CPC分类号： C10J3/30 ,  B01J3/02 ,  B01J8/002 ,  C21B5/003 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： Coal powder is transported from a low pressure zone to an elevated pressure zone bypassing the powder from the low pressure zone to the top of the first one of a number of vertical vessels;passing the powder in each vessel by gravity as a moving bed from the top of the vessel to the bottom thereof;passing the powder from the bottom of each vessel but the last one to the top of the subsequent vessel by mechanical or pneumatic means;discharging the powder from the bottom of the last vessel to the elevated pressure zone.

摘要翻译： 通过将粉末从低压区传递到多个垂直容器中的第一个的顶部，将煤粉从低压区运送到高压区; 通过重力将每个容器中的粉末作为移动床从容器的顶部到其底部; 通过机械或气动方式将粉末从每个容器的底部通过后续的容器的最后一个通过; 将粉末从最后一个容器的底部排出到高压区。

公开(公告)号：US4325709A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-20

申请号：US40052

申请日：1979-05-17

申请人： Peter Gohler ,  Peter Jaschke ,  Horst Kretzschmer ,  Claus-Otto Kuhlbrodt ,  Klaus Lucas ,  Berthold Neumann ,  Manfred Schingnitz ,  Hans-Joachim Schweigel ,  Friedrich Berger ,  Dieter Konig

发明人： Peter Gohler ,  Peter Jaschke ,  Horst Kretzschmer ,  Claus-Otto Kuhlbrodt ,  Klaus Lucas ,  Berthold Neumann ,  Manfred Schingnitz ,  Hans-Joachim Schweigel ,  Friedrich Berger ,  Dieter Konig

IPC分类号： C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/50

CPC分类号： C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： The invention concerns a method for the operation of gasification plants for pulverized fuels, wherein the pulverized fuel is reacted in a flame reaction with a gasifying agent containing free oxygen, into a combustible gas containing CO and H.sub.2. The task consists in precluding upon malfunctions in the supply of fuel, an oxygen discharge into the cooling and treatment plants, taking into consideration delays in the emergency shut-off systems and the controls for the oxygen supply.As per invention, a well-flowing additional fuel is stored in a reservoir at a pressure higher than the operating pressure of the gasification reactor. Upon malfunctions in the fuel supply, the additionally stored fuel will be transferred, within a short time, into the reaction chamber of the gasification plant. As additional well-flowing fuel combustible gas, liquid fuel or a pulverized solid fuel, also well-flowing, can be used.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于粉碎燃料的气化装置的操作方法，其中粉碎的燃料与含有游离氧气的气化剂在火焰反应中反应到含有CO和H 2的可燃气体中。 该任务包括排除供应燃料的故障，冷却和处理厂的氧气排放，考虑到紧急关闭系统的延迟和氧气供应的控制。 根据本发明，一个流动良好的附加燃料以高于气化反应器的工作压力的压力储存在储存器中。 在燃料供应故障时，另外储存的燃料将在短时间内转移到气化设备的反应室中。 作为其它易燃燃料可燃气体，也可以使用流动性良好的液体燃料或粉碎的固体燃料。

公开(公告)号：US4101263A

公开(公告)日：1978-07-18

申请号：US700006

申请日：1976-06-25

申请人： Robert E. Lumpkin, Jr.

发明人： Robert E. Lumpkin, Jr.

IPC分类号： C10J3/46 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10B49/12 ,  C10B49/16 ,  C10G9/00 ,  F27D13/00

CPC分类号： C10B49/16 ,  C10B49/12 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： Nongaseous carbonaceous material is heated by a method comprising introducing tangentially a first stream containing a nongaseous carbonaceous material and carbon monoxide into a reaction zone; simultaneously and separately introducing a second stream containing oxygen into the reaction zone such that the oxygen enters the reaction zone away from the wall thereof and reacts with the first stream thereby producing a gaseous product and heating the nongaseous carbonaceous material; forming an outer spiralling vortex within the reaction zone to cause substantial separation of gases, including the gaseous product, from the nongaseous carbonaceous material; removing a third stream from the reaction zone containing the gaseous product which is substantially free of the nongaseous carbonaceous material before a major portion of the gaseous product can react with the nongaseous carbonaceous material; and removing a fourth stream containing the nongaseous carbonaceous material from the reaction zone.

摘要翻译： 通过包括将包含非气态碳质材料和一氧化碳的第一流切向地引入反应区域的方法来加热非气态碳质材料; 同时并分别将含有氧的第二料流引入反应区，使得氧进入反应区远离其壁并与第一流反应，从而产生气态产物并加热非气态碳质材料; 在反应区内形成外部螺旋形涡流，以使气体（包括气体产物）与非气态碳质材料基本分离; 在气态产物的主要部分可以与非气态碳质材料反应之前，从含有气态产物的反应区中除去基本上不含非气态碳质材料的第三料流; 以及从所述反应区域除去含有所述非气态碳质材料的第四物流。

公开(公告)号：US4094651A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-13

申请号：US800847

申请日：1977-05-26

申请人： Ernest E. Donath

发明人： Ernest E. Donath

IPC分类号： B01J3/02 ,  B01J8/00 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C10J3/46

CPC分类号： C10J3/50 ,  B01J3/02 ,  B01J8/003 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/503 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  Y10S48/03 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： A method for continuously reacting particulate solids with gases and/or vapors at elevated pressures by feeding the particulate solids into a reaction zone under the pseudohydrostatic pressure generated by very tall fluidized columns of particulate solids, with the descent velocity of the solids and gas in the columns being greater than the ascent velocity of the gas. Fluidizing gas is preferably used at selected points in the column in order to avoid a harmful compaction of the particulate solids.

摘要翻译： 通过在非常高的颗粒状固体的流化塔产生的假静水压下将颗粒状固体进料到反应区中，将颗粒状固体与气体和/或蒸汽在升高的压力下连续反应的方法，其中固体和气体的下降速度 柱比气体的上升速度大。 为了避免颗粒状固体的有害压实，流化气体优选在塔中的选定点处使用。

公开(公告)号：US4071606A

公开(公告)日：1978-01-31

申请号：US750044

申请日：1976-12-13

申请人： Charles T. Ratcliffe ,  Geza Pap

发明人： Charles T. Ratcliffe ,  Geza Pap

IPC分类号： B01D53/50 ,  B01D53/81 ,  B01J8/24 ,  C01B17/04 ,  E01F9/00 ,  E01F9/04

CPC分类号： B01J8/24 ,  B01D53/508 ,  C01B17/0456 ,  C01B17/0482 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： A process is described for producing sulfur by the reaction of sulfur dioxide with agglomerating coal. The purity of the product gases is improved and the tendency of the coal to agglomerate is reduced by employing coal particles having a particle size below 500 microns.

摘要翻译： 描述了通过二氧化硫与附聚煤的反应来生产硫的方法。 通过使用粒度小于500微米的煤颗粒，提高了产物气体的纯度，并且降低了煤团聚的倾向。

公开(公告)号：US4067700A

公开(公告)日：1978-01-10

申请号：US689116

申请日：1976-05-24

申请人： George W. Switzer

发明人： George W. Switzer

IPC分类号： B02C19/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C21B5/00

CPC分类号： C21B5/003 ,  B02C19/0012 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0979 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： Apparatus and a method of comminuting coal to about 1 to 10 microns size comprising introducing the coal particles into a plurality of vessels, each of which is subjected to high pressure, superheated steam which infuses into the pores of said particles equalizing the pressure therein with that surrounding the particles in the vessel. By opening a discharge valve of each vessel connected to a nozzle leading into a housing, in which a paddle wheel is located, the particles will burst in each vessel to smaller size because of the reduction of the pressure therein surrounding the particles. Opening of said valve will effect acceleration, turbulence and collision of the particles to cause further breakage particularly as the particles are further expanded through the nozzle and against the blades of the paddle wheel driven in a direction opposite that of the nozzle jets. The vessel may be operated under partial vacuum by connection to a steam condenser through which cooling water flows. The communited coal is heated to produce gases and submicron char.

摘要翻译： 将煤粉碎成约1至10微米尺寸的装置和方法，包括将煤颗粒引入多个容器中，每个容器经受高压，过热蒸汽，其输入均匀其中压力的所述颗粒的孔， 围绕容器中的颗粒。 通过打开连接到通向其中定位有叶轮的壳体的喷嘴的每个容器的排出阀，由于颗粒周围的压力的降低，颗粒将在每个容器中爆裂成更小的尺寸。 所述阀的打开将影响颗粒的加速，湍流和碰撞，从而进一步破裂，特别是当颗粒进一步通过喷嘴膨胀并且沿与喷嘴喷嘴相反的方向驱动的桨叶的叶片时。 容器可以在部分真空下通过连接到冷凝水流过的蒸汽冷凝器进行操作。 煤炭被加热生成气体和亚微米炭。