公开(公告)号：US3945809A

公开(公告)日：1976-03-23

申请号：US594165

申请日：1975-07-08

申请人： Ernest E. Donath

发明人： Ernest E. Donath

IPC分类号： C10J3/48 ,  C10K3/06

CPC分类号： C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1807

摘要： A method and apparatus for removing oversized, unentrained char particles from a two-stage coal gasification process so as to prevent clogging or plugging of the communicating passage between the two gasification stages. In the first stage of the process, recycled process char passes upwardly while reacting with steam and oxygen to yield a first stage synthesis gas containing hydrogen and oxides of carbon. In the second stage, the synthesis gas passes upwardly with coal and steam which react to yield partially gasified char entrained in a second stage product gas containing methane, hydrogen, and oxides of carbon. Agglomerated char particles, which result from caking coal particles in the second stage and are too heavy to be entrained in the second stage product gas, are removed through an outlet in the bottom of the second stage, the particles being separated from smaller char particles by a counter-current of steam injected into the outlet.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从两级煤气化过程中除去过大的未中心焦炭颗粒以防止两个气化阶段之间的连通通道堵塞或堵塞的方法和装置。 在该方法的第一阶段，再循环的焦炭向上通过，同时与蒸汽和氧气反应，产生含有氢和碳的氧化物的第一级合成气。 在第二阶段，合成气向上通过煤和蒸汽，煤和蒸汽反应以产生含有甲烷，氢气和碳氧化物的第二阶段产物气体中的部分气化焦炭。 通过第二阶段底部的出口，在第二阶段中结块煤颗粒并且过重而不能夹带在第二阶段产物气体中的结块炭颗粒通过第二阶段底部的出口排出，颗粒通过 蒸汽注入到出口的逆流。

公开(公告)号：US4094651A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-13

申请号：US800847

申请日：1977-05-26

申请人： Ernest E. Donath

发明人： Ernest E. Donath

IPC分类号： B01J3/02 ,  B01J8/00 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C10J3/46

CPC分类号： C10J3/50 ,  B01J3/02 ,  B01J8/003 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/503 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  Y10S48/03 ,  Y10S48/04

摘要： A method for continuously reacting particulate solids with gases and/or vapors at elevated pressures by feeding the particulate solids into a reaction zone under the pseudohydrostatic pressure generated by very tall fluidized columns of particulate solids, with the descent velocity of the solids and gas in the columns being greater than the ascent velocity of the gas. Fluidizing gas is preferably used at selected points in the column in order to avoid a harmful compaction of the particulate solids.

摘要翻译： 通过在非常高的颗粒状固体的流化塔产生的假静水压下将颗粒状固体进料到反应区中，将颗粒状固体与气体和/或蒸汽在升高的压力下连续反应的方法，其中固体和气体的下降速度 柱比气体的上升速度大。 为了避免颗粒状固体的有害压实，流化气体优选在塔中的选定点处使用。

公开(公告)号：US3991557A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-16

申请号：US659714

申请日：1976-02-20

申请人： Ernest E. Donath

发明人： Ernest E. Donath

IPC分类号： C10J3/46 ,  F02B45/02 ,  F02G3/00

CPC分类号： F02B45/02 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/1253 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10J2300/1869 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02T10/16 ,  Y02T10/34

摘要： Pulverized coal having a sulfur content of up to 2.5% is introduced into a gasification vessel together with air preheated to a temperature above 900.degree. F. The pulverized coal and preheated air react in the gasification vessel which is operated at temperatures in excess of 1800.degree. F. with a residence time of less than three seconds therein. The reaction between the concurrent downwardly flowing coal and air produces a product comprising partially gasified char entrained in a product gas comprising methane, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide and oxides of carbon. The partially gasified low sulfur char entrained in the product gas is withdrawn from the gasifier and conducted to a waste heat boiler to provide steam as a source of energy for power generation. Thereafter, the low sulfur char is separated from the product gas and fed to a char storage hopper which maintains the char at a temperature above 900.degree. F. and preferably above 1100.degree. F. The product gas after being cooled to a temperature of 200.degree. F. in a heat exchanger enters a scrub tower where small amounts of char and hydrogen sulfide are removed from the product gas. The purified product gas is then fed to a gas or steam turbine of a power plant and together with the steam serves to provide energy for power generation during offpeak periods of power demand. During peak power demand periods, the low sulfur char is withdrawn from the storage hopper and burned as foiler fuel to satisfy the increased power needs. Thus, by partially gasifying high sulfur coal, a power plant fuel is produced consisting of char and fuel gas that on a heating value basis of coal has a sulfur content of less than 0.7%.

摘要翻译： 将硫含量高达2.5％的粉煤与预热到900°F以上的空气一起引入气化容器中。粉煤和预热空气在超过1800℃的温度下运行的气化容器中反应 F.其中停留时间少于3秒。 同时向下流动的煤和空气之间的反应产生包含部分气化的包含在甲烷，氢气，硫化氢和碳氧化物的产物气体中的炭的产物。 将产物气中夹带的部分气化的低硫焦炭从气化器中排出并传导至废热锅炉，以提供蒸汽作为发电能源。 此后，将低硫焦炭从产物气体中分离出来并送入焦炭储存料斗，该料斗将焦炭保持在高于900°F，优选高于1100°F的温度。将产物气体冷却至200℃ F.在热交换器中进入洗涤塔，其中少量的焦炭和硫化氢从产物气体中除去。 然后将纯化的产物气体供给到发电厂的气体或蒸汽涡轮机，并且与蒸汽一起用于在电力需求的非峰值时段期间为发电提供能量。 在峰值电力需求期间，低硫焦炭从储存料斗中取出，并作为油脂燃料燃烧，以满足增加的动力需求。 因此，通过部分气化高硫煤，产生由焦炭和燃料气体组成的发电厂燃料，其在煤的热值基础上具有小于0.7％的硫含量。

公开(公告)号：US4387015A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-07

申请号：US431511

申请日：1982-09-30

申请人： Robert M. Thorogood ,  Chung-Liang Yeh ,  Ernest E. Donath

发明人： Robert M. Thorogood ,  Chung-Liang Yeh ,  Ernest E. Donath

IPC分类号： C10L9/04 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/06

CPC分类号： C10G1/065

摘要： There is described an improved coal liquefaction quenching process which prevents the formation of coke with a minimum reduction of thermal efficiency of the coal liquefaction process. In the process, the rapid cooling of the liquid/solid products of the coal liquefaction reaction is performed without the cooling of the associated vapor stream to thereby prevent formation of coke and the occurrence of retrograde reactions. The rapid cooling is achieved by recycling a subcooled portion of the liquid/solid mixture to the lower section of a phase separator that separates the vapor from the liquid/solid products leaving the coal reactor.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种改进的煤液化淬火方法，其防止煤液化过程的热效率的最小降低而形成焦炭。 在此过程中，煤液化反应的液体/固体产物的快速冷却是在没有相关联的蒸汽流的冷却的情况下进行的，从而防止焦炭的形成和逆行反应的发生。 快速冷却通过将液体/固体混合物的过冷部分再循环到相分离器的下部来实现，所述相分离器将蒸汽与离开煤反应器的液体/固体产物分离。