公开(公告)号：US09497573B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-15

申请号：US14613169

申请日：2015-02-03

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Xu Guo ,  Aydin Aysu

IPC: H04B5/00 ,  H04W4/00 ,  H04L9/32

CPC classification number: H04W4/008 ,  G06F21/445 ,  G06F21/6218 ,  G06F21/79 ,  H04L9/3278 ,  H04L63/0853 ,  H04L2209/80 ,  H04W4/80 ,  H04W12/06 ,  H04W12/08

Abstract: One feature pertains to a near field communication (NFC) target device comprising a memory circuit adapted to store sensitive data, an NFC interface adapted to transmit and receive information using NFC protocols, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit receives a plurality of provider identification (PID) numbers from a plurality of providers, where each PID number is associated with a different provider. The processing circuit also stores the PID numbers at the memory circuit, and assigns a privilege mask to each PID number received and stored. The NFC target device may also include a physical unclonable function (PUF) circuit. The processing circuit may additionally provide one or more PID numbers as input challenges to the PUF circuit, and receive one or more PUF output responses from the PUF circuit, where the PUF output responses are different from one another and are associated with different providers.

Abstract translation: 一个特征涉及一种近场通信（NFC）目标设备，其包括适于存储敏感数据的存储器电路，适于使用NFC协议发送和接收信息的NFC接口以及处理电路。 处理电路从多个提供者接收多个提供者识别（PID）号码，其中每个PID号码与不同的提供者相关联。 处理电路还将PID号存储在存储器电路中，并且向接收和存储的每个PID号分配权限掩码。 NFC目标设备还可以包括物理不可克隆功能（PUF）电路。 处理电路可另外提供一个或多个PID号码作为PUF电路的输入挑战，并且从PUF电路接收一个或多个PUF输出响应，其中PUF输出响应彼此不同并且与不同提供者相关联。

公开(公告)号：US20150222421A1

公开(公告)日：2015-08-06

申请号：US14171558

申请日：2014-02-03

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Xiaofei Guo ,  Xu Guo ,  Billy B. Brumley

IPC: H04L9/00 ,  H04L9/08

CPC classification number: H04L9/003 ,  G09C1/00 ,  H04L9/0631 ,  H04L9/0869 ,  H04L2209/08 ,  H04L2209/12 ,  H04L2209/24

Abstract: Techniques for encrypting data are provided that can be used to help prevent side-channel attacks on the cryptographic algorithms. An example method according to these techniques includes permuting an order of first intermediate data according to a predetermined permutation to produce permuted intermediate data. The first inter mediate data is output by one or more first stages of a cryptographic algorithm. The method also includes permuting a key to be used by one or more second stages of a cryptographic algorithm according to the predetermined permutation, applying the one or more second stages of a cryptographic algorithm to the permuted intermediate data to generate second intermediate data, the one or more second stages of the cryptographic algorithm using the permuted key, and permuting the second intermediate data according to an inverse permutation of the predetermined permutation to generate output.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于加密数据的技术，可用于帮助防止对密码算法的侧信道攻击。 根据这些技术的示例性方法包括根据预定的排列来排列第一中间数据的顺序以产生置换的中间数据。 第一中介数据由加密算法的一个或多个第一阶段输出。 该方法还包括根据预定的排列置换密码算法的一个或多个第二阶段使用的密钥，将密码算法的一个或多个第二阶段应用于置换的中间数据以产生第二中间数据，该一个 或更多的第二级的加密算法，并且根据预定排列的逆置换来置换第二中间数据以产生输出。

公开(公告)号：US20150071431A1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-12

申请号：US14072634

申请日：2013-11-05

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Xiaochun Zhu ,  Steven M. Millendorf ,  Xu Guo ,  David M. Jacobson ,  Kangho Lee ,  Seung H. Kang ,  Matthew Michael Nowak

IPC: G11C11/16 ,  H04L9/30

CPC classification number: G11C11/1675 ,  G11C11/161 ,  G11C11/1695 ,  H04L9/0866 ,  H04L9/30 ,  H04L9/3278

Abstract: One feature pertains to a method of implementing a physically unclonable function (PUF). The method includes exposing an array of magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) cells to an orthogonal external magnetic field. The MRAM cells are each configured to represent one of a first logical state and a second logical state, and the orthogonal external magnetic field is oriented in an orthogonal direction to an easy axis of a free layer of the MRAM cells to place the MRAM cells in a neutral logical state that is not the first logical state or the second logical state. The method further includes removing the orthogonal external magnetic field to place each of the MRAM cells of the array randomly in either the first logical state or the second logical state.

Abstract translation: 一个特征涉及实现物理不可克隆功能（PUF）的方法。 该方法包括将磁阻随机存取存储器（MRAM）阵列阵列暴露于正交外部磁场。 MRAM单元各自被配置为表示第一逻辑状态和第二逻辑状态之一，并且正交外部磁场定向为与MRAM单元的自由层的容易轴正交的方向，以将MRAM单元置于 不是第一逻辑状态或第二逻辑状态的中性逻辑状态。 该方法还包括去除正交的外部磁场，将阵列的每个MRAM单元随机地置于第一逻辑状态或第二逻辑状态中。

公开(公告)号：US20150071430A1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-12

申请号：US14072599

申请日：2013-11-05

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Xiaochun Zhu ,  Steven M. Millendorf ,  Xu Guo ,  David M. Jacobson ,  Kangho Lee ,  Seung H. Kang ,  Matthew Michael Nowak

IPC: G11C11/16 ,  H04L9/30

CPC classification number: G11C11/1673 ,  G09C1/00 ,  G11C11/161 ,  H04L9/0866 ,  H04L9/30 ,  H04L9/3278

Abstract: One feature pertains to a method for implementing a physically unclonable function (PUF). The method includes providing an array of magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) cells, where the MRAM cells are each configured to represent one of a first logical state and a second logical state. The array of MRAM cells are un-annealed and free from exposure to an external magnetic field oriented in a direction configured to initialize the MRAM cells to a single logical state of the first and second logical states. Consequently, each MRAM cell has a random initial logical state of the first and second logical states. The method further includes sending a challenge to the MRAM cell array that reads logical states of select MRAM cells of the array, and obtaining a response to the challenge from the MRAM cell array that includes the logical states of the selected MRAM cells of the array.

Abstract translation: 一个特征涉及用于实现物理不可克隆功能（PUF）的方法。 该方法包括提供磁阻随机存取存储器（MRAM）单元阵列，其中MRAM单元被配置为表示第一逻辑状态和第二逻辑状态之一。 MRAM单元的阵列是未退火的，并且没有暴露于被配置为将MRAM单元初始化的方向定向到第一和第二逻辑状态的单个逻辑状态的外部磁场。 因此，每个MRAM单元具有第一和第二逻辑状态的随机初始逻辑状态。 该方法还包括向MRAM单元阵列发送挑战，该MRAM单元阵列读取阵列的选择MRAM单元的逻辑状态，以及从包括阵列的所选MRAM单元的逻辑状态的MRAM单元阵列获得对挑战的响应。

公开(公告)号：US09619636B2

公开(公告)日：2017-04-11

申请号：US14616353

申请日：2015-02-06

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Yafei Yang ,  Xu Guo ,  Liang Cai ,  Xinmu Wang

IPC: G06F21/32 ,  H04L9/32 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04W12/04 ,  H04W12/08 ,  G06F1/16 ,  G06F3/0484 ,  G06F3/14 ,  G06F21/45 ,  G06F21/60 ,  G06F21/55 ,  H04W4/00

CPC classification number: G06F21/32 ,  G06F1/163 ,  G06F3/04842 ,  G06F3/1423 ,  G06F21/45 ,  G06F21/554 ,  G06F21/602 ,  H04L9/3231 ,  H04L9/3247 ,  H04L63/0853 ,  H04L63/0861 ,  H04L2209/56 ,  H04W4/80 ,  H04W12/04 ,  H04W12/08

Abstract: One feature pertains to a computing device that includes an input interface, a communication interface, and a processing circuit that is adapted to receive a request from an application to authorize an action and generate a dynamic access code associated with the action. The processing circuit also transmits a message to a secondary display device that includes information data associated with the action and the dynamic access code for display on a display of the secondary display device. The processing circuit authorizes the action received from the application if the dynamic access code is entered into the input interface. Multiple, unique dynamic codes may also be associated with different actions the application may make requests for, which are also transmitted to the secondary display device for display.

公开(公告)号：US20160232339A1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-11

申请号：US14616353

申请日：2015-02-06

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Yafei Yang ,  Xu Guo ,  Liang Cai ,  Xinmu Wang

IPC: G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/60 ,  G06F3/0484 ,  G06F21/45 ,  G06F1/16 ,  G06F3/14

CPC classification number: G06F21/32 ,  G06F1/163 ,  G06F3/04842 ,  G06F3/1423 ,  G06F21/45 ,  G06F21/554 ,  G06F21/602 ,  H04L9/3231 ,  H04L9/3247 ,  H04L63/0853 ,  H04L63/0861 ,  H04L2209/56 ,  H04W4/80 ,  H04W12/04 ,  H04W12/08

Abstract: One feature pertains to a computing device that includes an input interface, a communication interface, and a processing circuit that is adapted to receive a request from an application to authorize an action and generate a dynamic access code associated with the action. The processing circuit also transmits a message to a secondary display device that includes information data associated with the action and the dynamic access code for display on a display of the secondary display device. The processing circuit authorizes the action received from the application if the dynamic access code is entered into the input interface. Multiple, unique dynamic codes may also be associated with different actions the application may make requests for, which are also transmitted to the secondary display device for display.

Abstract translation: 一个特征涉及包括输入接口，通信接口和处理电路的计算设备，该处理电路适于从应用程序接收授权动作的请求并生成与该动作相关联的动态访问代码。 该处理电路还向辅助显示设备发送消息，该辅助显示设备包括与动作相关联的信息数据和用于在辅助显示设备的显示器上显示的动态访问代码。 如果将动态访问码输入到输入接口，则处理电路授权从应用程序接收到的动作。 多个独特的动态代码也可以与应用可能请求的不同动作相关联，这些动作也被发送到辅助显示设备以进行显示。

公开(公告)号：US20160149712A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-26

申请号：US15011255

申请日：2016-01-29

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Xu Guo ,  David M. Jacobson ,  Yafei Yang ,  Adam J. Drew ,  Brian Marc Rosenberg

IPC: H04L9/32 ,  H04L29/06

CPC classification number: H04L9/3278 ,  G06F7/588 ,  H04L63/08 ,  H04L63/0853 ,  H04L63/0876 ,  H04L63/0884

Abstract: An authentication device is provided that authenticates an electronic device based on the responses from distinct types of physically unclonable functions. The authentication device receives a device identifier associated with the electronic device. It then sends one or more challenges to the electronic device. In response, the authentication device receives one or more responses from the electronic device, the one or more responses including characteristic information generated from two or more distinct types of physically unclonable functions in the electronic device.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种认证装置，其基于来自不同类型的物理不可克隆功能的响应来认证电子设备。 认证设备接收与电子设备相关联的设备标识符。 然后，它向电子设备发送一个或多个挑战。 作为响应，认证设备从电子设备接收一个或多个响应，所述一个或多个响应包括从电子设备中的两个或多个不同类型的物理不可克隆功能产生的特征信息。

公开(公告)号：US09214214B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-15

申请号：US14072634

申请日：2013-11-05

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Xiaochun Zhu ,  Steven M. Millendorf ,  Xu Guo ,  David M. Jacobson ,  Kangho Lee ,  Seung H. Kang ,  Matthew Michael Nowak

IPC: G11C11/16 ,  H04L9/30 ,  H04L9/32

CPC classification number: G11C11/1675 ,  G11C11/161 ,  G11C11/1695 ,  H04L9/0866 ,  H04L9/30 ,  H04L9/3278

Abstract: One feature pertains to a method of implementing a physically unclonable function (PUF). The method includes exposing an array of magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) cells to an orthogonal external magnetic field. The MRAM cells are each configured to represent one of a first logical state and a second logical state, and the orthogonal external magnetic field is oriented in an orthogonal direction to an easy axis of a free layer of the MRAM cells to place the MRAM cells in a neutral logical state that is not the first logical state or the second logical state. The method further includes removing the orthogonal external magnetic field to place each of the MRAM cells of the array randomly in either the first logical state or the second logical state.

Abstract translation: 一个特征涉及实现物理不可克隆功能（PUF）的方法。 该方法包括将磁阻随机存取存储器（MRAM）阵列阵列暴露于正交外部磁场。 MRAM单元各自被配置为表示第一逻辑状态和第二逻辑状态之一，并且正交外部磁场定向为与MRAM单元的自由层的容易轴正交的方向，以将MRAM单元置于 不是第一逻辑状态或第二逻辑状态的中性逻辑状态。 该方法还包括去除正交的外部磁场，将阵列的每个MRAM单元随机地置于第一逻辑状态或第二逻辑状态中。

公开(公告)号：US09836335B2

公开(公告)日：2017-12-05

申请号：US14873518

申请日：2015-10-02

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Yafei Yang ,  Liang Cai ,  Xu Guo

IPC: G06F9/54 ,  G06F11/34 ,  G06F11/30 ,  G06F3/0488 ,  H04W4/00

CPC classification number: G06F9/542 ,  G06F3/0488 ,  G06F11/3024 ,  G06F11/3409 ,  G06Q50/30 ,  H04W4/80

Abstract: Techniques for operating a computer system for a vehicle are provided. An example method according to these techniques includes observing usage of at least one component of the computer system by an application to generate an application usage log for the application, deriving behavior vectors from the application usage log, determining whether the application is a distracting application by comparing the behavior vectors to one or more application safety rules, and limiting execution of the application responsive to determining that the application is a distracting application and based on status information associated with the vehicle.

公开(公告)号：US09489504B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-08

申请号：US14045740

申请日：2013-10-03

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Yafei Yang ,  Xu Guo ,  David Merrill Jacobson ,  Brian Marc Rosenberg ,  Adam John Drew

IPC: G06F21/00 ,  G06F21/44 ,  H04L9/32 ,  G09C1/00

CPC classification number: G06F21/44 ,  G09C1/00 ,  H04L9/3278

Abstract: A method is provided for using obtaining a reproducible device identifier from a physically unclonable function. An authentication device may receive a first physically unclonable function (PUF) dataset from the electronic device, the first PUF dataset including characteristic information generated from a physically unclonable function in the electronic device. The authentication device may then identify a pre-stored PUF dataset corresponding to the electronic device. Authentication of the electronic device may be performed by correlating the pre-stored PUF dataset and the first PUF dataset for the electronic device, wherein such correlation is based on a pattern or distribution correlation the pre-stored PUF dataset and the first PUF dataset. Because such correlation is performed on datasets, and not individual points, systematic variations can be recognized by the correlation operation leading to higher correlation than point-by-point comparisons.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于从物理上不可克隆的功能获得可重现设备标识符的方法。 认证设备可以从电子设备接收第一物理不可克隆功能（PUF）数据集，第一PUF数据集包括从电子设备中的物理不可克隆功能产生的特征信息。 然后，认证设备可以识别对应于电子设备的预存储的PUF数据集。 可以通过将预先存储的PUF数据集和电子设备的第一PUF数据集相关联来执行电子设备的认证，其中这种相关性基于预先存储的PUF数据集和第一PUF数据集的模式或分布相关性。 由于这种相关性对数据集进行，而不是单个点，所以相关运算可以识别系统变化，从而导致相对于逐点比较的相关性更高。