摘要:
A current-drive circuit (FIG. 1) is provided to drive each of forty electrodes 41. Voltage at the electrodes 41 is monitored on line 49 as a control-input to a voltage-regulator circuit (FIG. 2), to produce the drive voltage Vdr. Vdr minus a current-level reference Vlev is applied as the input of a differential amplifier (transistors 3, 15, 51 and 53), thereby applying Vdr-Vlev on line 27. A constant current through the electrode 41 is produced across register 25. As the lowest voltage at all driven electrodes shifts, the regulator circuit (FIG. 2) shifts Vdr the same amount, employing differentially connected transistors 72 and 74, and Zener 120 to set the level of Vdr. Since most of the active elements operated within narrow limits, the circuit can be extensively miniaturized.
摘要:
An optical fiber is coated with a super-hydrophobic carbon nanotube film, or other film containing a nanocomposite material, to increase reliability. The film is formed from a carbon nanotube dispersion, which is in turn formed from a mixture of water, carbon nanotube gel, and a polymer such as single stranded DNA of a repeating sequence of the base pairs GT with a length of 20 base pairs, which is sonicated and then ultracentrifuged.
摘要:
Aspects of the disclosure provide a microfluidic chip to facilitate DNA analysis. The microfluidic chip includes a first domain configured for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA fragments, a dilution domain coupled to the first domain to dilute a PCR mixture received from the first domain, and a second domain that is coupled to the dilution domain so as to receive the amplified DNA fragments. The second domain includes a separation channel that is configured to perform electrophoretic separation of the amplified DNA fragments. In addition, the disclosure provides a DNA analyzer to act on the microfluidic chip to perform an integrated single chip DNA analysis.
摘要:
A solid state moisture gauge is disclosed in which a quartz-halogen bulb is used with an acousto-optic tunable filter to launch light of specific desired wavelengths into a parallel plate cavity device which contains or is adjacent to material having a moisture content which is to be measured. The light exiting from the parallel plate device is detected, converted to a digital signal and then stored in a computer for later comparison to the detection of light exiting from the parallel plate device of a different wavelength.
摘要:
Aspects of the disclosure provides a DNA analyzer to facilitate an integrated single-chip DNA analysis. The DNA analyzer includes an interface for coupling a microfluidic chip to the DNA analyzer. The microfluidic chip includes a first domain configured for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA fragments, and a second domain fluidically coupled to the first domain to receive the DNA fragments and perform electrophoretic separation of the DNA fragments. The DNA fragments are tagged with fluorescent labels. The DNA analyzer includes a detection module to excite the fluorescent labels to emit fluorescence and detect the emitted fluorescence. The detection module includes a laser source, a set of optical elements, a filter module and a photo-detector.
摘要:
A power switching device includes an optically controlled component using a semiconducting carbon nanotube. An optical signal transmitted over an optical fiber controls the conductivity of the nanotube. The nanotube transmits a signal controlled by the optical signal to a wide-bandgap semiconductor power switch, which switches the power.
摘要:
A method for detecting and measuring regions of a secondary material deposited onto a moving substrate. The method employs an x-ray source for directing an x-ray beam at the moving substrate, and an x-ray detector to detect an amount of x-ray energy transmitted by the moving sheet of material. Areas of bare substrate will allow for different amounts of x-ray transmission than areas of the substrate containing the secondary material. These differences in transmission and/or absorption can be used to detect the location of a region of secondary material and to determine if it falls within an acceptable range. According to one particular embodiment of the present invention, the method can be used to analyze burn characteristic modifying bands of a secondary material intermittently and repeatedly deposited to a moving web of smoking article paper.
摘要:
Method and apparatus for self-tuning a Proportional Integral-Derivative controller for controlling at least one load characteristic to a predetermined setpoint from calculated values of Proportional Band (PB), Integral Time Constant (ITC) and Derivative Time Constant (DTC) by application of power to the load, establishing a cut-off point to remove power to the load, determining the slope of a measured value of the at least one load characteristic and starting an integral time counter upon detection of the power cut-off point, determining at least one value X.sub.min at which the value of the measured value decreases by a fixed percentage, determining the maximum value X.sub.max of the at least one load characteristic, calculating the values of the PB, ITC and DTC by determining the rise X.sub.r =X.sub.max -X.sub.min and determining PB and ITC from a stored table relating X.sub.r to PB and the value incremented in the integral counter, determining the DTC value from the value incremented in the integral counter, storing the values of PB, ITC and DTC in a non-volatile storage and controlling the load with the aforementioned calculated values of PB, ITC and DTC.
摘要:
A conductive polymer and a semiconducting carbon nanotube material are combined to form a highly conductive composite. The composite can be used for EMI shielding, optical sensing, optical switching, and other uses.
摘要:
Aspects of the disclosure provide a microfluidic chip to facilitate DNA analysis. The microfluidic chip includes a first domain configured for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA fragments, a dilution domain coupled to the first domain to dilute a PCR mixture received from the first domain, and a second domain that is coupled to the dilution domain so as to receive the amplified DNA fragments. The second domain includes a separation channel that is configured to perform electrophoretic separation of the amplified DNA fragments. In addition, the disclosure provides a DNA analyzer to act on the microfluidic chip to perform an integrated single chip DNA analysis.