Abstract:
A dispersion or solution of a free radical polymer, polycondensate or polyadduct, which consist of from 0.001 to 20% by weight of aldehyde groups --CHO or keto groups --CO--, contains, as a crosslinking agent, a compound having at least two H.sub.2 N--O---groups or oxime ether groups derived therefrom.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen, by first separately preheating the starting gases comprising a hydrocarbon-containing stream and an oxygen-containing stream and then mixing them in a mixing zone and, after they have flowed through the burner block, reacting them in the firing space and then cooling the products rapidly, wherein the surface on the firing space side of the burner block is covered with a purge gas stream and this purge gas stream is introduced through the burner block by means of several bores, where the averaged ratio of effective surface area of the burner block to number of these bores in the burner block for the purge gas stream is within a range from 5 to 100 cm2.
Abstract:
A process for preparing phthalides of the general formula I, ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, by hydrogenating phthalic anhydrides of the general formula II, ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each as defined above, with hydrogen in the presence of suspended catalysts of the Raney type in a hydrogenation apparatus by using a mixing apparatus to mix a liquid phase, which includes the catalyst and the phthalic anhydride used and resulting phthalide, and a gas phase, which includes the hydrogenating hydrogen, comprises using the mixing apparatus to introduce a mixing intensity of at least 50 W/l into the liquid phase.
Abstract:
Preparation of heterocyclic aldehydes I ##STR1## (A, B=optionally substituted methylene groups; m, n=1 to 5; m+n>2), by hydrogenation of carboxylic acids IIa ##STR2## or one of their esters IIb derived from a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alcohol, at a temperature of from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. over a catalyst. The end products are suitable as intermediates for herbicides of the cyclohexanone class.
Abstract translation:PCT No.PCT / EP95 / 02071 Sec。 371日期1997年2月20日 102(e)日期1997年2月20日PCT提交1995年5月31日PCT公布。 WO95 / 33741 PCT出版物 日期1995年12月14日杂环醛的制备(I)(A,B =任选取代的亚甲基; + E,不同m + EE,+ E,不n + EE = 1〜5; + E, m + EE ++ E,uns n + EE> 2),通过羧酸IIa(IIa)或其衍生自C1-C10醇的酯IIb中的一种在200°至450°的温度下氢化 在催化剂上。 最终产品适合作为环己酮类除草剂的中间体。
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of 4-substituted imidazoles of the general formula ##STR1## in which R denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 cycloalkyl, aryl, and C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 aralkyl,whereina) N-formyl-.alpha.-aminonitriles of the general formula I ##STR2## in which R has the meanings stated above and A stands for carbonyl, are reacted, at a temperature ranging from 20.degree. to 200.degree. C. and a pressure ranging from 20 to 500 bar, with hydrogen in the presence of hydrogenation catalysts andb) the resulting N-formyl-1,2-diamines of the general formula ##STR3## in which R and A have the meanings stated above and n stands for 0 or 1, are reacted over a cyclization/dehydrogenation catalyst at a temperature ranging from 200.degree. to 600.degree. C. and a pressure ranging from 0.001 to 5 bar.
Abstract:
A process for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen, by first separately preheating the hydrocarbon gas and oxygen gas, and then reacting the gases and cooling the products rapidly. The reactor wall is blanketed with a purge gas stream, introduced through a plurality of feed lines. These feed lines deliver purge gas in a vector direction within a 10° angle of the main flow direction of the reactive gas stream. The purge gas is delivered at multiple stages relative to the main flow direction of the reactive gas stream, and the free cross section of the firing space available to the reactive gas stream, at the height of the feed lines of the purge gas stream, is approximately constant.
Abstract:
The disclosure is a process for preparing a phthalide of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently of the others hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, by catalytic hydrogenation of a phthalic anhydride of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each as defined above, in a solvent, which comprises using said phthalide I, the reaction product of the catalytic hydrogenation, as solvent.
Abstract:
In a process for preparing alkylamines by reacting amines and aliphatic aldehydes in the presence of free hydrogen on a fixed bed catalyst in a reactor in which amines and aldehydes are mixed in the catalyst bed after being fed in in separate streams, only the aldehyde stream or only the amine stream is preheated during the feeding in.
Abstract:
A process for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen, by first separately preheating the hydrocarbon gas and oxygen gas, and then reacting the gases and cooling the products rapidly. The reactor wall is blanketed with a purge gas stream, introduced through a plurality of feed lines. These feed lines deliver purge gas in a vector direction within a 10° angle of the main flow direction of the reactive gas stream. The purge gas is delivered at multiple stages relative to the main flow direction of the reactive gas stream, and the free cross section of the firing space available to the reactive gas stream, at the height of the feed lines of the purge gas stream, is approximately constant.
Abstract:
Halides are removed from halide-containing nitrile mixtures by(a) thermally treating the halide-containing nitrile mixture,(b) subsequently adding a base to the thermally treated nitrile mixture and(c) subsequently separating off the base from the nitrile mixture.Amines are prepared by(A) reacting alkyl halides with metal cyanides in an at least two-phase reaction medium in the presence of halide-containing phase-transfer catalysts to give alkanenitriles,(B) separating off the resulting halide-containing alkanenitrile mixture phase and(C) further treating the halide-containing alkanenitrile mixture phase, as described in the stages(a)-(c) removing halides from halide-containing nitrile mixtures and(d) hydrogenating nitrites obtained in stage (c) to give amines, in the presence of suspended or fixed-bed catalysts.