Abstract:
The embodiments of the invention relate to a method for creating a force for a welding jaw of a vertical tubular bag machine. The welding jaw is moved back and forth along a path to strike a second welding jaw moving in the opposite direction. A tubular film is compressed between the second jaw and at least one sealing surface of the welding jaws, to weld the tubular film by ultrasonic vibrations applied thereto via the sealing surface at an applied pressure under a sealing force (Fs) within a sealing time (ts). The sealing force (Fs) is predetermined by a control unit such that the sealing force (Fs) runs along a sealing force curve within the sealing time (ts). The sealing force curve has a first relative sealing force maximum (Fs1) and at least one second relative sealing force maximum (Fs2), wherein (Fs1) is lower than (Fs2).
Abstract:
In a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine which has an automatic start/stop device, and a controllable brake device at the start of and during an automatic stop phase, the effect of a braking torque which is greater than a threshold value is ensured. For this purpose, the brake device can increase the braking torque. The threshold value is previously calculated in such a way that the motor vehicle is reliably prevented from rolling away. As a result, the internal combustion engine can be stopped frequently, and at the same time unintentional rolling away of the motor vehicle during the stop phase can be avoided.
Abstract:
Motor vehicle (2) and associated electronic control device (4) for controlling an internal combustion engine (6) and at least one electrical machine (8). Torque losses of the electrical machine (8) are taken into account with the aid of families of characteristics and algorithms, and torques are predetermined for the electrical machine (8) independently of the operating state of the entire drive train (10) of the motor vehicle (2).
Abstract:
A tubular bagging machine in which expanding elements projecting away from the fill pipe are provided in order to create bags with welded edges. A separate longitudinal welding device for welding of an area adjacent to the edge of the tube is provided. It is thus possible to produce directly side-by-side a longitudinal seam and a welded edge. A bag-opening aid or a reclosing aid can be integrated into the longitudinal seam or the edge.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to use of a novel, single-component additive for addition to thermoplastics, in particular polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The resultant reduced friction delays melting of the thermoplastic during extrusion and therefore improves fluidity and lowers the process pressure required. The reduced friction moreover facilitates processing in shaping machinery by reducing adhesion to metal. In order to provide these technical improvements, the present invention provides a novel poly(meth)acrylate-based additive for thermoplastics, in particular for PVC. This features a poly(meth)acrylate backbone and long alkyl solid chains.
Abstract:
The embodiments of the invention relate to a method for creating a force for a welding jaw of a vertical tubular bag machine. The welding jaw is moved back and forth along a path to strike a second welding jaw moving in the opposite direction. A tubular film is compressed between the second jaw and at least one sealing surface of the welding jaws, to weld the tubular film by ultrasonic vibrations applied thereto via the sealing surface at an applied pressure under a sealing force (Fs) within a sealing time (ts). The sealing force (Fs) is predetermined by a control unit such that the sealing force (Fs) runs along a sealing force curve within the sealing time (ts). The sealing force curve has a first relative sealing force maximum (Fs1) and at least one second relative sealing force maximum (Fs2), wherein (Fs1) is lower than (Fs2).
Abstract:
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a fuel injection device with an injection nozzle having a nozzle needle and a plurality of injection bores. The injection nozzle is arranged to inject fuel into the combustion space in the form of a plurality of fuel jets as a main injection, as a post-injection and/or a preinjection. The injection bores of the injection nozzle are arranged in at least two different separately activatable rows of holes, an operating stroke of the nozzle needle being set by control unit as a function of a piston position and/or an operating point of the engine, and the rows of holes of the injection nozzle different injection-hole cone angles.
Abstract:
A regulating or control unit actuates a stop/start unit for an internal-combustion engine in a motor vehicle. At least one sensor is provided for detecting at least one parameter which is dependent on a steering wheel position of the motor vehicle. The regulating or control unit actuates the stop/start unit as a function of the detected parameter information.
Abstract:
In order to be able to easily exchange the fill pipe (7) in a vertical tubular bagging machine (1), where a flat foil web (3) is reshaped on a forming shoulder (4) into a foil tube (5) running over a fill pipe (7), a forming shoulder (4) is suggested which can be opened. A shoulder sleeve (21) out of two separate sleeve parts (22, 23) is formed by this forming shoulder (4), a shoulder connection (20) consists of two separate connection parts (24, 25), each one sleeve part (22, 23) and adjoining connection part (24, 25) form one component (26, 27), the two components (26, 27) describe the forming shoulder (4), and one component (27) can be removed from the other component (26) in order to be able to remove the fill pipe (7) transversely with respect to the transport direction (12) from the forming shoulder (4).
Abstract:
A method for operating an internal combustion engine, injects fuel directly into a combustion chamber as a main injection, a postinjection and optionally also as a preinjection. An injection nozzle with a plurality of injection bores effects the preinjection and the postinjection preferably which is carried out cyclically. To minimize wetting of the combustion chamber walls, during the postinjection the partial quantities of fuel and a lift of the nozzle needle of the injection nozzle are set so that, for each partial quantity of the postinjection injected into the combustion chamber, the reach of the respective fuel jet in the combustion chamber is limited and the reach is less than the distance to a combustion chamber boundary.