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    Methods for improving selectivity of electroless deposition processes
    81.
    发明授权
    Methods for improving selectivity of electroless deposition processes 有权
    提高无电沉积工艺选择性的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08551560B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-10-08

    申请号：US12471310

    申请日：2009-05-22

    Applicant: Jinhong Tong ,  Zhi-Wen Sun ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Bob Kong ,  Zachary Fresco

    Inventor： Jinhong Tong ,  Zhi-Wen Sun ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Bob Kong ,  Zachary Fresco

    IPC: C23C18/18 ,  C23C18/34 ,  C23C18/36 ,  C23C18/50

    CPC classification number: H01L21/288 ,  C23C18/1605 ,  C23C18/168 ,  C23C18/50 ,  H01L21/0332 ,  H01L21/3105 ,  H01L21/76829 ,  H01L21/76849

    Abstract: Methods for improving selective deposition of a capping layer on a patterned substrate are presented, the method including: receiving the patterned substrate, the patterned substrate including a conductive region and a dielectric region; forming a molecular masking layer (MML) on the dielectric region; preparing an electroless (ELESS) plating bath, where the ELESS plating bath includes: a cobalt (Co) ion source: a complexing agent: a buffer: a tungsten (W) ion source: and a reducing agent; and reacting the patterned substrate with the ELESS plating bath for an ELESS period at an ELESS temperature and an ELESS pH so that the capping layer is selectively formed on the conductive region. In some embodiments, methods further include a pH adjuster for adjusting the ELESS pH to a range of approximately 9.0 pH to 9.2 pH. In some embodiments, the pH adjuster is tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). In some embodiments, the MML is hydrophilic.

    Abstract translation: 提出了用于改善在图案化衬底上的覆盖层的选择性沉积的方法，所述方法包括：接收图案化衬底，所述图案化衬底包括导电区域和电介质区域; 在介电区上形成分子屏蔽层（MML）; 制备无电镀（ELESS）电镀浴，其中ELESS电镀浴包括：钴（Co）离子源：络合剂：缓冲剂：钨（W）离子源和还原剂; 并在ELESS温度和ELESS pH下使图案化衬底与ELESS电镀浴反应ELESS周期，从而在导电区域上选择性地形成覆盖层。 在一些实施方案中，方法还包括用于将ELESS pH调节至约9.0 pH至9.2 pH范围的pH调节剂。 在一些实施方案中，pH调节剂是氢氧化四甲基铵（TMAH）。 在一些实施方案中，MML是亲水的。

    Dimmable instant start ballast
    82.
    发明授权
    Dimmable instant start ballast 有权
    可调光即时启动镇流器

    公开(公告)号：US08547029B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-10-01

    申请号：US13352429

    申请日：2012-01-18

    Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Shashank Bakre ,  Driss Baba

    Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Shashank Bakre ,  Driss Baba

    IPC: H05B37/00

    CPC classification number: H05B41/3927

    Abstract: A ballast for dimming a lamp is provided. The ballast includes an inverter circuit for providing a lamp current for energizing the lamp and a dim interface for receiving an input indicative of a selected lighting level. A control circuit is connected to the dim interface for generating a pulse-width-modulated signal having a duty cycle corresponding to the selected lighting level. A switching network is connected to the control circuit for receiving the pulse-width-modulated signal. The switching network operates between a conductive state and a non-conductive state as a function of the pulse-width-modulated signal. An impedance device is connected across the switching network and is configured for connecting in series with the lamp so that the impedance device receives the lamp current when the switching network is operating in the non-conductive state and the lamp current bypasses the capacitor when the switching network is operating in the conductive state.

    Abstract translation: 提供了用于调光灯的镇流器。 镇流器包括用于提供用于激励灯的灯电流的逆变器电路和用于接收指示所选择的照明电平的输入的暗接口。 控制电路连接到暗接口，用于产生具有对应于所选择的照明电平的占空比的脉冲宽度调制信号。 开关网络连接到用于接收脉冲宽度调制信号的控制电路。 开关网络作为脉冲宽度调制信号的函数在导通状态和非导通状态之间工作。 阻抗装置连接在开关网络两端，被配置为与灯串联连接，使得阻抗装置在开关网络工作在非导通状态时接收灯电流，并且当电流切换时灯电流旁路电容器 网络工作在导通状态。

    Customized classification of host bound traffic
    83.
    发明授权
    Customized classification of host bound traffic 有权
    主机绑定流量的定制分类

    公开(公告)号：US08503428B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-08-06

    申请号：US12726687

    申请日：2010-03-18

    Applicant: Sandeep Bajaj ,  Murtuza Attarwala ,  Nitin Kumar ,  David Hahm

    Inventor： Sandeep Bajaj ,  Murtuza Attarwala ,  Nitin Kumar ,  David Hahm

    IPC: H04L12/28

    CPC classification number: H04L49/25 ,  H04L49/1515 ,  H04L63/0227

    Abstract: A network device component receives traffic, determines whether the traffic is host bound traffic or non-host bound traffic, and classifies, based on a user-defined classification scheme, the traffic when the traffic is host bound traffic. The network device component also assigns, based on the classification, the classified host bound traffic to a queue associated with network device component for forwarding the classified host bound traffic to a host component of the network device.

    Abstract translation: 网络设备组件接收流量，确定流量是主机绑定流量还是非主机绑定流量，并根据用户定义的分类方案对流量进行主机绑定流量分类。 网络设备组件还基于分类将分类的主机绑定业务分配给与网络设备组件相关联的队列，用于将分类的主机绑定业务转发到网络设备的主机组件。

    Bi-level lamp ballast
    84.
    发明授权
    Bi-level lamp ballast 有权
    双层镇流器

    公开(公告)号：US08487555B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-07-16

    申请号：US13105095

    申请日：2011-05-11

    Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Shashank Bakre

    Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Shashank Bakre

    IPC: H05B37/02

    CPC classification number: H05B41/42 ,  H05B37/0263

    Abstract: A bi-level lamp ballast to selectively operate two lamps is provided. The ballast includes a control circuit having an input, connected to a switching network, and an output, which provides a particular control signal based on the state of the switching network. The ballast also includes respective lamp control switches, each having respective outputs. The first switch is connected to the output and a ballast power supply. In its first state, it connects the ballast power supply to its first output, and in its second state, it connects the ballast power supply to its second output. The second switch is connected to the output and a ground. In its first state, it connects the ground to its first output, and in its second state, it connects the ground to its second output. The state of each lamp control switch depends on the control signal generated by the control circuit.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于选择性地操作两个灯的双电平镇流器。 镇流器包括具有连接到开关网络的输入端和输出端的控制电路，该输出端基于开关网络的状态提供特定的控制信号。 镇流器还包括相应的灯控制开关，每个具有相应的输出。 第一个开关连接到输出和镇流器电源。 在其第一个状态下，它将镇流器电源连接到其第一个输出端，在其第二个状态下，将镇流器电源连接到其第二个输出端。 第二个开关连接到输出和地。 在其第一个状态下，它将地面连接到其第一个输出，而在第二个状态下，它将地面连接到其第二个输出。 每个灯控制开关的状态取决于控制电路产生的控制信号。

    AMALGAM TIP TEMPERATURE CONTROL FOR AN ELECTRODELESS LAMP
    85.
    发明申请
    AMALGAM TIP TEMPERATURE CONTROL FOR AN ELECTRODELESS LAMP 有权
    用于无电极灯的AMALGAM提示温度控制

    公开(公告)号：US20130099664A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-04-25

    申请号：US13278263

    申请日：2011-10-21

    Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Robert Martin ,  Shashank Bakre

    Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Robert Martin ,  Shashank Bakre

    IPC: H01J65/04

    CPC classification number: H01J65/048 ,  H01J61/28 ,  H01J61/523

    Abstract: A electrodeless lamp including a fluorescent discharge vessel, a tip, an amalgam, a lamp core, and a heater. The vessel contains a gas having a partial vapor pressure and a fluorescent material. The tip has an inner end engaging the vessel, and an opening in communication with the gas. The amalgam is positioned within the opening, in heat transfer relation with the tip. When the temperature of the amalgam decreases, mercury vapor in the gas condensates onto the amalgam, causing a decrease in the partial vapor pressure of the gas. The opposite occurs when the amalgam temperature increases. The lamp core generates a magnetic flux, causing an electrical discharge in the gas. The heater includes a positive temperature coefficient connected to a winding of the lamp core. The heater is in heat transfer relation with the tip and heats the tip when the electrodeless lamp is in a dimming mode.

    Abstract translation: 一种无电极灯，包括荧光放电容器，尖端，汞齐，灯芯和加热器。 容器含有具有部分蒸气压的气体和荧光材料。 尖端具有接合容器的内端和与气体连通的开口。 汞齐位于开口内，与尖端的热传递关系。 当汞齐的温度降低时，气体中的汞蒸气冷凝到汞齐上，导致气体的部分蒸气压降低。 当汞合金温度升高时，会出现相反的情况。 灯芯产生磁通，引起气体中的放电。 加热器包括连接到灯芯的绕组的正温度系数。 当无电极灯处于调光模式时，加热器与尖端传热关系，并加热尖端。

    ANTIREFLECTIVE SILICA COATINGS BASED ON SOL-GEL TECHNIQUE WITH CONTROLLABLE PORE SIZE, DENSITY, AND DISTRIBUTION BY MANIPULATION OF INTER-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS USING PRE-FUNCTIONALIZED PARTICLES AND ADDITIVES
    86.
    发明申请
    ANTIREFLECTIVE SILICA COATINGS BASED ON SOL-GEL TECHNIQUE WITH CONTROLLABLE PORE SIZE, DENSITY, AND DISTRIBUTION BY MANIPULATION OF INTER-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS USING PRE-FUNCTIONALIZED PARTICLES AND ADDITIVES 审中-公开
    使用预功能颗粒和添加剂处理颗粒间相互作用的基于SOL-GEL技术的可控硅胶涂层，具有可控的孔径，密度和分布

    公开(公告)号：US20130034653A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-02-07

    申请号：US13195151

    申请日：2011-08-01

    Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Nikhil D. Kalyankar ,  Zhi-Wen Sun

    Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Nikhil D. Kalyankar ,  Zhi-Wen Sun

    IPC: B05D5/06 ,  G02B5/22

    CPC classification number: C09D183/04 ,  B05D5/06 ,  C03C17/009 ,  C03C2217/425 ,  C03C2217/732 ,  C03C2218/113 ,  C08L83/04 ,  C23C18/00

    Abstract: Methods and compositions for forming durable porous low refractive index coatings on substrates are provided. In one embodiment, a method of forming a porous coating on a substrate is provided. The method comprises coating a substrate with a sol-formulation comprising a silane-based binder, silica-based nanoparticles, and an inter-particle interaction modifier for regulating interactions between the silica-based nanoparticles and annealing the coated substrate. Porous coatings formed according to the embodiments described herein demonstrate good optical properties (e.g., a low refractive index) while maintaining good mechanical durability due to the presence of the inter-particle interaction modifier. The inter-particle interaction modifier increases the strength of the particle network countering capillary forces produced during drying to maintain the porosity structure.

    Abstract translation: 提供了在基底上形成耐久的多孔低折射率涂层的方法和组合物。 在一个实施方案中，提供了在基材上形成多孔涂层的方法。 该方法包括用包含硅烷基粘合剂，二氧化硅基纳米颗粒和颗粒间相互作用改性剂的溶胶制剂涂覆基材，以调节二氧化硅基纳米颗粒之间的相互作用并退火涂覆的基材。 根据本文所述的实施方案形成的多孔涂层由于存在颗粒间相互作用改性剂而保持良好的机械耐久性，表现出良好的光学性能（例如，低折射率）。 颗粒间相互作用调节剂增加了颗粒网络抵抗干燥期间产生的毛细管力的强度，以保持孔隙结构。

    Data structure-less distributed fabric multicast
    87.
    发明授权
    Data structure-less distributed fabric multicast 有权
    无数据结构的分布式组播

    公开(公告)号：US08325726B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-12-04

    申请号：US12702718

    申请日：2010-02-09

    Applicant: Alex Baban ,  Jean-Marc Frailong ,  Kireeti Kompella ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Jamsheed Wania ,  Murtuza Attarwala

    Inventor： Alex Baban ,  Jean-Marc Frailong ,  Kireeti Kompella ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Jamsheed Wania ,  Murtuza Attarwala

    IPC: H04L12/56 ,  H04J3/26

    CPC classification number: H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L49/10 ,  H04L49/201

    Abstract: A network device receives a packet with a multicast nexthop identifier, and creates a mask that includes addresses of egress packet forwarding engines, of the network device, to which to provide the packet. The network device divides the mask into two portions, generates two copies of the packet, provides a first portion of the mask in a first copy of the packet, and provides a second portion of the mask in a second copy of the packet. The network device also forwards the first copy of the packet to an address of a first egress packet forwarding engine provided in the first portion of the mask, and forwards the second copy of the packet to an address of a second egress packet forwarding engine provided in the second portion of the mask.

    Abstract translation: 网络设备接收具有多播下一标识符的分组，并创建包括提供分组的网络设备的出站分组转发引擎的地址的掩码。 网络设备将掩码分成两部分，生成分组的两个副本，在分组的第一副本中提供该掩码的第一部分，并在分组的第二副本中提供该掩码的第二部分。 网络设备还将分组的第一副本转发到在掩码的第一部分中提供的第一出口分组转发引擎的地址，并将分组的第二副本转发到提供的第二出口分组转发引擎的地址 掩模的第二部分。

    SOL-GEL BASED FORMULATIONS AND METHODS FOR PREPARATION OF HYDROPHOBIC ULTRA LOW REFRACTIVE INDEX ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATINGS ON GLASS
    89.
    发明申请
    SOL-GEL BASED FORMULATIONS AND METHODS FOR PREPARATION OF HYDROPHOBIC ULTRA LOW REFRACTIVE INDEX ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATINGS ON GLASS 审中-公开
    基于溶胶凝胶的制剂和制备疏水性超低折射率玻璃反反应涂层的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120237676A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-09-20

    申请号：US13046899

    申请日：2011-03-14

    Applicant: Nikhil D. Kalyankar ,  Nitin Kumar

    Inventor： Nikhil D. Kalyankar ,  Nitin Kumar

    IPC: B05D5/00 ,  B05D3/00 ,  C09D7/12 ,  B05D3/02

    CPC classification number: C03C17/007 ,  C03C17/34 ,  C03C2217/425 ,  C03C2217/732 ,  C03C2218/113 ,  C03C2218/32 ,  C08K5/5403 ,  C08K5/5419 ,  C09D1/00 ,  C09D5/006 ,  C09D7/63

    Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate generally to methods and compositions for forming porous low refractive index coatings on substrates. In one embodiment, a method of forming a porous coating on a substrate is provided. The method comprises coating a substrate with a sol-gel composition comprising at least one self assembling molecular porogen and annealing the coated substrate to remove the at least one self assembling molecular porogen to form the porous coating. Use of the self assembling molecular porogens leads to the formation of stable pores with larger volume and an increased reduction in the refractive index of the coating. Further, the size and interconnectivity of the pores may be controlled via selection of the self assembling molecular porogens structure, the total porogen fraction, polarity of the molecule and solvent, and other physiochemical properties of the gel phase.

    Abstract translation: 本发明的实施方案一般涉及在基底上形成多孔低折射率涂层的方法和组合物。 在一个实施方案中，提供了在基材上形成多孔涂层的方法。 该方法包括用包含至少一种自组装分子致孔剂的溶胶 - 凝胶组合物涂覆底物并退火涂覆的基底以除去至少一个自组装分子致孔剂以形成多孔涂层。 使用自组装分子致孔剂导致形成具有较大体积的稳定孔，并且涂层的折射率降低。 此外，孔的尺寸和互连性可以通过选择自组装分子致孔剂结构，总致孔剂级分，分子和溶剂的极性以及凝胶相的其它物理化学性质来控制。

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