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123 条记录 (耗时 0.02 秒)

    Catalytic conversion of cellulose to liquid hydrocarbon fuels by progressive removal of oxygen to facilitate separation processes and achieve high selectivities
    35.
    发明授权
    Catalytic conversion of cellulose to liquid hydrocarbon fuels by progressive removal of oxygen to facilitate separation processes and achieve high selectivities 有权
    通过逐步去除氧气促进分离过程并实现高选择性，将纤维素催化转化为液体烃燃料

    公开(公告)号：US08148553B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-04-03

    申请号：US12490129

    申请日：2009-06-23

    申请人： James A. Dumesic ,  Juan Carlos Serrano Ruiz ,  Ryan M. West

    发明人： James A. Dumesic ,  Juan Carlos Serrano Ruiz ,  Ryan M. West

    IPC分类号： C07D307/00 ,  C07C6/00 ,  C07C51/00

    CPC分类号： C07D309/12 ,  B01J23/10 ,  B01J23/6484 ,  B01J35/0006 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  C01B3/32 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/065 ,  C01B2203/1211 ,  C07C1/213 ,  C07C1/24 ,  C07C51/00 ,  C07C51/09 ,  C07C2521/12 ,  C07C2527/054 ,  C07C2527/08 ,  C07C2527/11 ,  C07C2527/1206 ,  C07C2527/173 ,  C07C2531/04 ,  C07D307/33 ,  C10G3/42 ,  C10G3/45 ,  C10G3/47 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2400/20 ,  Y02P30/20 ,  C07C11/08 ,  C07C11/02 ,  C07C53/126 ,  C07C59/185

    摘要： Described is a method to make liquid chemicals, such as functional intermediates, solvents, and liquid fuels from biomass-derived cellulose. The method is cascading; the product stream from an upstream reaction can be used as the feedstock in the next downstream reaction. The method includes the steps of deconstructing cellulose to yield a product mixture comprising levulinic acid and formic acid, converting the levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone, and converting the γ-valerolactone to pentanoic acid. Alternatively, the γ-valerolactone can be converted to a mixture of n-butenes. The pentanoic acid so formed can be further reacted to yield a host of valuable products. For example, the pentanoic acid can be decarboxylated yield 1-butene or ketonized to yield 5-nonanone. The 5-nonanone can be hydrodeoxygenated to yield nonane, or 5-nonanone can be reduced to yield 5-nonanol. The 5-nonanol can be dehydrated to yield nonene, which can be dimerized to yield a mixture of C9 and C18 olefins, which can be hydrogenated to yield a mixture of alkanes. Alternatively, the nonene may be isomerized to yield a mixture of branched olefins, which can be hydrogenated to yield a mixture of branched alkanes. The mixture of n-butenes formed from γ-valerolactone can also be subjected to isomerization and oligomerization to yield olefins in the gasoline, jet and Diesel fuel ranges.

    摘要翻译： 描述了一种从生物质衍生的纤维素制备液体化学物质，例如功能性中间体，溶剂和液体燃料的方法。 方法是级联; 来自上游反应的产物流可以用作下一个下游反应中的原料。 该方法包括解纤维素以产生包含乙酰丙酸和甲酸的产物混合物，将乙酰丙酸转化成γ-戊内酯并将γ-戊内酯转化为戊酸的步骤。 或者，γ-戊内酯可以转化为正丁烯的混合物。 如此形成的戊酸可以进一步反应以产生大量有价值的产物。 例如，戊酸可以脱羧，得到1-丁烯或酮化，得到5-壬酮。 可以将5-壬酮加氢脱氧以得到壬烷，或5-壬酮可以还原得到5-壬醇。 可以将5-壬醇脱水得到壬烯，其可以二聚化以产生C 9和C 18烯烃的混合物，其可被氢化以产生烷烃的混合物。 或者，壬烯可以异构化以产生支化烯烃的混合物，其可以被氢化以产生支链烷烃的混合物。 由γ-戊内酯形成的正丁烯的混合物也可以进行异构化和低聚反应以在汽油，喷射和柴油燃料范围内产生烯烃。

    Process and automated device for laser-induced chemistry
    38.
    发明授权
    Process and automated device for laser-induced chemistry 失效
    用于激光诱导化学的工艺和自动化设备

    公开(公告)号：US4469574A

    公开(公告)日：1984-09-04

    申请号：US380631

    申请日：1982-05-21

    申请人： Philip M. Keehn ,  Robert M. Serino

    发明人： Philip M. Keehn ,  Robert M. Serino

    IPC分类号： B01J19/12 ,  C07C1/213 ,  C07C45/51 ,  C07C45/59 ,  C07C45/60 ,  C07C53/08 ,  B01J19/08

    CPC分类号： C07C53/08 ,  B01J19/121 ,  C07C1/213 ,  C07C45/513 ,  C07C45/59 ,  C07C45/60

    摘要： This invention relates to an automated apparatus for use with electromagnetic radiation, such as a laser beam, to promote chemical reactions. The reaction chamber apparatus comprises a cylinder equipped with a reciprocating piston and with one or more windows. The invention also comprises an automated system which utilizes said chamber, and a method for utilizing the chamber and system. A laser beam enters the cylinder through one window, activates the reagents therein, and exits the chamber through a second window. After a mixture has been reacted, the laser is placed on standby, and the piston reciprocates, filling the cylinder with fresh reagent. Various embodiments are described which improve the efficiency of this invention.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于电磁辐射的自动化装置，例如激光束，以促进化学反应。 反应室装置包括装有往复活塞和一个或多个窗口的缸。 本发明还包括利用所述室的自动化系统以及利用所述室和系统的方法。 激光束通过一个窗口进入气缸，激活其中的试剂，并通过第二窗口离开室。 混合物反应后，将激光置于待机状态，活塞往复运动，用新鲜的试剂填充圆筒。 描述了提高本发明的效率的各种实施例。